Locks with electronic key cards. Installation of electronic locks. Rim lock installation

The number of unauthorized entry into homes around the world is steadily increasing. And the reason is not that the locking devices on the front doors are unreliable, but that they have not yet come up with such locks that cannot be opened. Only some break open in a matter of minutes (attackers studied locks with keyholes far and wide), others are held for hours (electronic locking devices). Therefore, the electronic lock on the front door to the apartment is becoming more and more popular.

The first electronic locks appeared on safes. At first, they were an addition to mechanical locking devices, and then they became an independent system for protecting the contents of a fireproof cabinet.

The next stage in the development of electronic locks is connected with the differentiation of access of employees to the back office of the office. They solved several problems at once:

• Eliminate lateness of employees to work;
• prevented chaotic walking around the premises of the company (organization);
• gave managers information about the location of the employee at any time.

Successful experience of offices and institutions was transferred to residential buildings. At first, an electronic lock was installed on the front door of entrances, then apartments and houses. Such a locking device is much more efficient than mechanical analogues: it is more difficult to open and easier to handle.

At the same time, a new type of lock, like a mechanical counterpart, can be installed on a metal and wooden door, be mortise and overhead.

The general principle of the electronic lock

In mechanical locking devices, the bolt moves with a key. This happens when the notches on the English key coincide with the pins (pins) in the lock cylinder or key beard with levers.

In electronic locks, doors are closed/opened using electronic keys. Each of them has its own unique ID code, which is read by a special device in the lock (experts call it a “reader”) and transmitted to an electronic device called a “controller”. If the received code is stored in the controller's memory, the lock will open.

For information: the keys issued with the electronic lock are entered into the controller's memory. If you lose a "tablet" or a card, buy new ones, the controller is reprogrammed, since it is impossible to reproduce an electronic key with the same code.

The door is unlocked using electricity (usually 12V DC), which is fed to a small electric motor, power supply or inductor (selenoid) (in some cases, on the contrary, the coil is de-energized).

In the first case, when using an electric motor, the motor moves the crossbar when energy is supplied with the help of a gearbox. In this type of locks, powerful bolts can be used - the power of the electric motor is enough to move them. If desired, you can install several crossbars, with a motor for each with one control unit. Block programming allows, in certain situations, to use not the entire arsenal of crossbars, but one or more.

Electric locks consist of powerful springs, power supplies. When energy is supplied to the blocking device, the latch releases the bolt, as a result of which it can be pulled inside the lock with the handle - the door will open. Given the constant impact of the springs on the metal of the crossbar, it is covered with hard-alloy linings.

selenoid locks operate on the same principle as the starter solenoid relay. When electricity is supplied, the voltage coil is excited, as a result of which a magnetic field is created inside the selenoid, which draws the bolt.

There are locks with exactly the opposite effect: they are constantly energized, as a result of which the selenoid creates a magnetic field on the so-called ferromagnetic yoke, which holds the door in the closed position.

In order to open it, it is necessary to de-energize the lock for a while. This version of electronic locking devices is ideal for the entrance doors of entrances, when the power supply is lost - the door will automatically be unlocked. Locks with selenoid are durable, work with lightning speed.

Types of electronic locks

On the shelves of hardware stores you can see many varieties of electronic locks. They differ from each other not only in design features and the way the coded signal is sent to the electronic unit (type of key), but also in the level of reliability (degree of protection against hacking), as well as the price, which has a very large range.

All types of locks can be classified according to the following parameters:

• principle of action (sometimes called by the method of control);
• constructions;
• place of installation;
• kind of key.

According to the principle of action

Features of various rooms where electronic locks are installed forced manufacturers to produce two types of locking devices:

• normally closed;
• normally open.

normally closed. An apartment, a room with material assets (a warehouse, a bank, a museum, etc.), a safe must be protected from intruders at any time, even if the power supply to the electronic block of the lock is interrupted. Such locks are called "normally closed". The door can only be opened with a short voltage supply to the lock.

Normally open. The situation is completely different, for example, with the entrance doors of an entrance, hospital, school and other public buildings. Here, for safety reasons, when the power supply is interrupted (during an accident), the door must be opened so that residents, schoolchildren, patients or visitors can get out of the building.

Therefore, "normally open" doors are blocked only when the coil is energized, i.e. with constant current supply. The door can only be opened by temporarily interrupting the electrical circuit. Naturally, it is pointless to put such locks in apartments - it is enough to cut off the electricity supply in one way or another and the path is open.

Type of construction

Structurally, there are three systems of the locking device:

• electromotive (motor, electromechanical);
• magnetic crossbars (electroblocking, electric crossbars);
• electromagnetic (magnetic, selenoid).

Attention: in the materials posted on the Internet, the authors do not have a unified approach to the classification of electronic locks by design. Therefore, visitors often cannot understand what is at stake in a particular case. To eliminate this gap, all possible terms are collected and ordered in the work.

Electromotive. Already from the name it is clear that the drive for the crossbars is an electric motor. It can be put into operation only by applying power, which happens after comparing the key code with the combinations of numbers recorded in the controller's memory.

The door can be in the open position for a short time, after which, under the influence of the springs, the bolts return to the closed position. Therefore, such doors must be opened almost immediately after the motor is activated. The doors slam shut and move to the closed position automatically, thanks to the beveled crossbars.

Magnetic crossbars. In magnetic bolt locks, instead of a motor, there is an inductor. Works in two ways:

• when voltage is applied, the bolt (due to the magnetic field) is drawn into the selenoid - the door opens;
• when energized, the inductor creates a magnetic field that removes the latch from the bolt - the door can be opened and closed with the door handle.

Electromagnetic. Due to the constant power supply to the selenoid, the latter creates a very strong magnetic field on the ferrite plate, which literally sticks to another part of the lock installed on the door leaf. You can open the door only in one case - to interrupt the power supply.

Place of installation

Depending on where the lock is installed, it can be:

• overhead;
• mortise.

Overhead. Overhead locks are installed indoors on the door leaf, and the bar, which includes crossbars, is attached on top of the door frame. They are mainly installed on wooden doors (it is more difficult to attach to a steel sheet).

Mortise. A distinctive feature of the mortise lock is that its body is completely hidden inside the door leaf. This is the most durable type of locking device. May belong to any kind of classification given in this work.

mind key

According to the type of key, all electronic locking devices are divided into coded, digital, photo-optical and biometric locks.

Code. For combination locks, a 64-bit ID-code is hammered into the keys, which is entered into the controller's memory. If the code matches, the door opens. The key can be a "tablet" or a key fob with a special chip inside (microcircuit) or an RFID card (Radio Frequency Identification) also with an electronic chip and a small antenna.

All chips have a unique code. Therefore, it is impossible to meet two electronic keys with the same combination of numbers. In order for the key to open the door, the owner of the premises or, in extreme cases, the specialist must enter the code of each key into the controller's memory, and not just one, as often happens in practice.

Digital. A panel with a remote control is installed on the outside of the door. A set of a certain combination of numbers (code) allows you to open the door - this is a classic option. For more complex types of digital locks, in addition to the digital unit, controllers for working with magnetic cards (combination with combination locks) and a keyhole for a mechanical key can be installed.

The advantages of combined locks include the ability to open the door in any available way and instant blocking of the locking device when trying to break the lock through the mechanical key hole. There is one minus, but a significant one - a high probability of spying on the digital code by intruders.

Photo-optical. Electronic locks with optics for the key are gradually disappearing from the market. Here, the lock is opened by a light wave of a certain length emitted by the remote control.

Biometric. This type of electronic locks is classified as smart. They have a scanner that reads the print of one or more fingers or the retina of the eye. Up to 10 matrices (persons) can be stored in the controller's memory, which can open the lock.

Electronic lock with a scanner (works on a fingerprint).

Voice scanning is also practiced. It is almost impossible to open such locks. They are installed, as a rule, on armored doors in apartments with valuables (collections, large amounts of cash or a large amount of jewelry). Additional types of keys are excluded.

The advantage of such a lock is that all attempts to open the lock are recorded, which allows you to see not only legitimate, but also unauthorized encroachments to enter the premises.

Popular manufacturers and models of electronic locks

The main suppliers of electronic locks are ASSA ABLOY (Sweden), Allegion (Ireland), Dorma + Kaba (Switzerland), Samsung (South Korea), Salto Systems (Spain), Cansec Systems (Canada), as well as several companies from the USA (Spectrum Brands , Onity, Master lock). There are some successful models from manufacturers from Slovenia, Italy, Turkey.

Among the models of electronic locks in the top five (in the world) are:

Samsung SHS-P718 with a card, remote control and scanner - a South Korean combined electronic lock. It opens in three possible ways, but only two can stand in a combination:

• digital - on the keyboard, you can program a code from 5 to 12 digits;
• code - an RFID card is used (the controller can remember 31 ID codes);
• biometric - fingerprint.

The cost of such a castle starts from 44.0 thousand rubles.

Z wave Dana Lock- suitable for almost all doors. Its peculiarity is that it is installed instead of the cylinder lock larva - the locking mechanism (lock body and crossbars) remains the same. The castle costs in the range of 12.0-17.0 thousand rubles.

Kewo Kwikset— smart lock with bells and whistles: works not only with traditional electronic keys, but also with a smartphone. This lock has one feature - in case of urgent need, you can open it with a simple key. It costs between 12.0-14.0 thousand rubles. (on Amazon - $200). There are no dealers in Russia, so you can only buy on the Internet;

Goji Smart Lock- is installed on the keyhole, blocking access to it from the outside. At the same time, if necessary, you can return to the previous method in case of an emergency and open the door with a simple key (the outer part of the lock leans back, opening the keyhole). Interacts with both electronic keys and smartphones. Additional features include:

• sound notification when the code does not match;
• the ability to take a picture and leave an audio message to the owner when no one is at home;
• keeping a record of visits by keys.

It costs from 18.0 thousand rubles. (On the Internet costs about 278 US dollars).

Lockitron- installed on top of the crossbar lock. Identification of owners is carried out via Bluetooth from a smartphone. The uniqueness is that the lock is constantly open when the smartphone is within a radius of 10 m. When moving away from the lock, it automatically closes. It can work on a secure Wi-Fi protocol with a tablet at the entered E-mail address. Such a castle costs about 12.0 thousand rubles.

Which is better to choose

Manufacturers of electronic locks regularly supply new products to the market. There is no way to keep up with them, just as there is no way to recommend a specific model for an apartment. There are many nuances here. Therefore, let's go from the opposite and consider those elements in the design of the lock that are undesirable for the front door of an apartment or a private house.

1. It is better to abandon the digital electromechanical lock on the front door. There are two reasons for this:

• you can forget the combination of numbers;
• attackers can peep the code. At the same time, they will not necessarily stand behind the back of the owner. To do this, there are miniature cameras that can be installed unnoticed by the owner of the apartment.

Conclusion: digital locks are most of all focused on internal doors of offices and service premises.

2. Biometric locks are very expensive. Therefore, they are placed mainly in apartments where there is something to protect: precious metals, currency, jewelry, various expensive private collections.

3. It is better to abandon modern bells and whistles that allow you to open the door from your smartphone (SMS messages, calls, mobile applications) using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. After all, today there is no need to be a hacker to enter a home network or gain access to a router (Wi-Fi router). You need to buy simpler locks, which does not mean more primitive.

Conclusion: an increase in the number of lock control options proportionally reduces the reliability of the electronic locking device.

4. People say that "the greedy one pays twice, the fool pays three times." This fully applies to electronic locks. All versions of electronic locks costing less than 2.0-3.0 thousand rubles. The main function is not to protect the premises from illegal entry, but to control access.

Such locks have a weak point in the crossbar - shiny, beautiful, but made of fragile silumin (aluminum-silicon alloy). That's why cheap models of locks are not even worth considering.

5. The electromagnetic lock on the front door to the apartment must be controlled "always closed" so that when the power supply is interrupted, the door will not be unlocked.

By following these recommendations, you can always choose the most optimal lock option for yourself. To make it easier to navigate, here are the most popular types of locks at the beginning of 2019 in Russia (does not coincide with global trends):

• electronic lock ATIS LOCK on contact keys (key fob), electromagnetic and mechanical drive (can be opened and closed with a simple key), consignment note, costing from 4.0 thousand rubles;
• electronic lock ATIS AM 280 on key fobs (radio key), electromagnetic drive, mortise, price from 4.0 thousand rubles;
• magnetic bolt lock AB700A on key fobs (radio key), electromagnetic drive, mortise, price from 4.2 thousand rubles;
• electromechanical motor lock "Dori-4" Classic, overhead, digital, the cost starts from 9.0 thousand rubles.

How is the installation of overhead locks

Despite the apparent complexity, electronic locks are quite easy to install on your own. All work can be divided into three stages:

1. purchase the necessary materials and tools;
2. make markup;
3. install a lock.

Materials and tools

To put an electronic combination lock on the front door, you must have:

• electronic locking device;
• electric drill or screwdriver with a set of drills;
• Phillips screwdriver or appropriate bits for a screwdriver;
• roulette;
• square;
• marker or construction pencil.

markup

Using a tape measure, square and pencil, the location of the lock is determined, as well as the location of the fasteners. For this:

1. at a distance of about 1 m from the floor, it is necessary to put a mark with a pencil;
2. then mark the location of the lock body and its fasteners on the door leaf, as well as the place where the reader passes through the door leaf (the process can be greatly facilitated: attach the lock to the door and circle with a pencil);
3. drill holes for fasteners (the drill should be slightly smaller in diameter than the fastening screws);
4. drill a through hole for the reader wires (it can be located anywhere - the main thing is that the length of the wires is enough);
5. fix the case;
6. mark the strip on the door frame, including marking the places for fixing bolts;
7. drill holes for fasteners with a screwdriver or electric drill;
8. put a bar;
9. check the course of the crossbars or the locking tongue inside the bar. If the move is difficult (they cling to the box or bar), the installed body or bar is adjusted.

Rim lock installation

The most difficult step is installation. It involves not mounting the case on the door, but assembling the elements of the lock into a single whole. Knowing a few simple rules will help here:

• The reader is mounted on the outside of the door. Attaches anywhere, but in such a way that the length of the wires is enough to the electronic block of the lock. Twisting (lengthening) is strictly prohibited;
• all wires are placed in corrugated polyethylene tubes to avoid the influence of high humidity and accidental mechanical stress;
• the control unit is placed according to the scheme specified in the instructions. Depending on the lock model, the block can be in the lock case or next to the adapter (adapter - current converter);
• programming of the controller is carried out strictly according to the instructions.

How are mortise locks installed?

Putting a mortise lock in a new door is more difficult than installing a bill of lading. But if a mechanical lock is replaced with an electronic one, everything is much simpler.

Let's consider the most difficult option. Here the work algorithm is as follows:

1. the door leaf is removed from the hinges and placed on the edge, with the end face up with the lock;
2. a recess is marked under the lock body - it should be 2-3 mm larger;
3. a recess is selected with a chisel and an electric drill (for metal doors, a grinder and metal drills with a winning tip are needed);
4. the installation location of the reading mechanism is determined;
5. a hole is drilled for the wiring from the reader;
6. the connection is made according to the scheme given in the instructions (if it is not there, everything can be found on the Internet on the manufacturers' websites).

Pros and cons of using electronic locks

The transition from mechanical locking devices to electronic ones is due to the undeniable advantages of the latter:

• more reliable: difficult to open - there is no keyhole for master keys, and the selection of the code is unlikely. Biometric locks cannot be opened at all - they can only be broken with the help of physical force; have several levels of protection; difficult to hack - it is impossible to determine the location of the crossbars from the outside; the service life of the latest generation models is 2-3 times higher than that of a mechanical counterpart (microcircuits were a weak point for previously produced electronic locks); almost all models are blocked in case of unauthorized opening;
• simple and easy to use;
• open very quickly, and with a selenoid - instantly;
• work silently;
• can be installed on any door;
• the key cannot be faked, and if a tablet or card is lost, their code is simply removed from the controller's memory;
• almost all models can be mounted by hand;
• re- and programming of the controller is available to persons who have primary skills in handling electronic gadgets (smartphones or tablets), which allows the owners to do such work with their own hands;
• electronic locks can be linked to a mobile phone, which will simplify the process of opening doors;

• remote opening;
• easy unlocking in case of force majeure.

In addition to strengths, electronic locks also have disadvantages:

• rather high cost of the castle itself (some types reach 60.0-80.0 thousand rubles) and its installation, if specialized organizations are involved, as well as operation;
• the dependence of electronics on the availability, as well as, importantly, the quality of electricity;
• low resistance of microcircuits to temperature extremes and high humidity;
• in many models of the lock, with the door open, crossbars stick out of the end of the door leaf, which often cling to and damage clothing.

Conclusion

The sale of electronic locks in the world is steadily growing. In Russia, the deterrents are:

• high price of the product, compared with mechanical locks;
• lack of confidence in the reliability of electronic locking devices, which will pass over time;
• lack of knowledge about the functionality of "smart" locks.

The current trend can be changed only by active educational activities and lower prices for products.

Read in the review which electronic lock is worth buying and how to install it. Among the many smart locks on the front door, there are overhead and mortise. Nowadays, electronic locks are becoming more and more popular. A metal key is, of course, good, but it is much more convenient to do without it, using your finger or at least a smartphone to open the lock. In a word, let's talk about smart electronic locks in a little more detail.

What are electronic locks

In fact, electronic locks began to appear on store shelves for a long time. Initially, they were opened exclusively after entering a PIN code, but now there are much more interesting models. Most often they are distinguished by the method of opening:

• Electronic lock with NFC or RDIF card- opens with a smartphone that has the appropriate chip. However, NFC tags similar to a key for an intercom can be supplied with the lock - you can also use them to open the lock.
• Electronic biometric lock- has a fingerprint scanner. Its memory can contain patterns on the fingers of several people at once, which allows the use of the lock by numerous employees of the room located outside the door. Companies known to your ear have begun to produce similar locks - for example, several models are made by Samsung.

Also, the locks differ in the method of installation. Not very expensive models may belong to the overhead type. Such a lock can be broken, especially if the intruders are tasked with entering the premises at any cost. A mortise smart lock is much more reliable, but it is also more difficult to install.

Many smart electronic door locks have a numeric keypad, i.e. are code. This means that you can open them in the usual way - by typing the appropriate code. Some models are also capable of boasting a microphone, which allows you to talk with a person in the room. In a word, a smart lock is in fact an improvement on the traditional intercom, which is used by many of the readers of our site.

The best overhead smart electronic locks

Coded electronic lock H-Gang Guardian TR610 with touch keypad

A fairly inexpensive electronic lock is H-Gang Guardian TR610. This device has an elegant design, and most of its front panel is occupied by a touch keyboard. Entering the code will only be required if the RDIF card has been lost, the area to be applied to which is located under the keys.

The above lock is made in South Korea. It is difficult to find fault with its quality - such a product is unlikely to be easily pulled out of the door by some bully. The smart lock is powered by a set of four AA batteries. You need to replace the batteries only once a year (with a usage mode of 10 door openings per day). The low cost of the device did not allow the manufacturer to introduce any additional features.

For example, there is neither an IR presence control sensor nor an information board. A maximum of 100 cards can be registered in memory. But the most disappointing fact is that this castle is not recommended to be placed on the street - it is afraid of rain. However, some buyers still decide to experiment, protecting the electronic lock on the door with a visor.

It remains to be added that the code for this lock must consist of at least five digits. Interestingly, there can also be several passwords - up to four.

H-Gang Guardian TR811 with fingerprint scanner

Already a little more complex and interesting is the padlock H-Gang Guardian TR811. It uses a similar design, the touch keyboard also takes up most of the front panel. However, this castle can be found a small touch pad. It is used for fingerprint scanning. Therefore, this is one of the most inexpensive biometric locks. In total, the electronic "brains" of this model can contain up to a hundred prints.

Of course, such a lock can also be opened by entering a code, which should contain from 4 to 12 digits. You can register up to four passwords in total. It is impossible to open the entrance lock for a door with a fingerprint mechanically or with any card. Of the interesting additional functions, only the fire detection sensor can be distinguished here.

In the manufacture of the device, aluminum, zinc and ABS plastic were used. The manufacturer does not recommend placing his creation on a door located on the street. However, if there is a visor above the door, then it is quite possible to take a risk, as in the case of the previous model considered. It uses four AA batteries as power sources, which will have to be changed about once a year. By the way, if an unauthorized attempt to open the lock occurs, a siren with a volume of 80 dB starts to sound.

Electronic invisible lock Unitouch Hilever ATCT-702

Some overhead electronic locks are also hidden. In particular, this can boast Unitouch Hilever ATCT-702. The manufacturer turned out a kind of invisible lock. A person approaching the door will not be able to understand how it can be opened. In fact, everything is very simple - near the door you need to press the corresponding button located on a tiny remote control.

The lock comes with two radio frequency remote controls, but eight more such “keys” can be registered in memory. The device is made of aluminum and zinc, so nothing will definitely happen to it, no matter what precipitation comes from outside. The castle also included a siren with a volume of 80 dB.

The main disadvantage of the stealth lock is its high power consumption. Four AA batteries provide power for just 8 months, and that's assuming only five door openings a day.

The best mortise smart locks

Samsung SHS-P718 - smart multifunctional lock

South Korean creation called Samsung SHS-P718 looks like an intercom. However, in fact, this is a full-fledged smart lock on the front door, which even the strongest vandals are unlikely to damage. At the bottom of this lock is an elegant handle that simplifies opening the door. The upper part is home to the touch keyboard. The code for the lock must have from 5 to 12 digits. But it is much easier to open a smart home lock with an RF card. It has a standard type, a total of 31 cards can be registered. If suddenly they try to open the lock with the wrong card, a very loud siren will sound.

But the lock would not cost so much if it could only be opened with an ID card or password. The South Korean manufacturer has introduced a biometric scanner into its creation - it is hidden in the upper part of the front panel, under a protective cover. A total of one hundred prints can be stored in memory. Interestingly, even dual authentication is supported here. This means that you can program the lock to open only after the person has both dialed the code and put their finger on the sensor. This ensures maximum protection against illegal entry into the facility!

You can also open this lock with the remote control. However, this is not included in the kit - it must be ordered separately. As for the assembly of the lock with a fingerprint, it turned out to be of the highest quality. In terms of security, the device is similar to the previous examples considered. This means that there is no need to put a lock on the street if there is no visor above the door. It is curious that a fire detection sensor is built into the product. Extra security measures never hurt anyone!

The lock is powered by a set of eight AA batteries. This should be enough for a year if you open the door no more than ten times a day.

Smart electronic lock from Xiaomi – Aqara ZigBee Smart Door Lock

In our articles, we often mention Xiaomi products. This Chinese company has been producing a variety of electronic devices in recent years. For some time now, even a smart lock has appeared in its assortment, which received the name. It exists in several versions - the place for installing the lock is different (right or left side of the door), as well as the color of the case. It should be noted that the Xiaomi smart lock is a mortise lock. However, the installation can be called simplified - in the supplied box you will definitely find instructions with a template for tie-in. Also, the lock is supplemented with a rectangular handle - it is no longer necessary to put it on the door additionally.

As expected, the lock has a numeric keypad - its symbols are able to glow, which greatly simplifies typing in the dark. However, usually such a lock is bought in order to use its fingerprint scanner. Please note: the sensor is made using semiconductor technology, not optical technology. This means that he is definitely not wrong.

Aqara Castle is really smart. It understands even fictitious passwords. That is, you can enter a longer combination, which contains the correct code - the lock will open. This is necessary for those cases when someone is standing next to you - it is unlikely that he will be able to remember a very long combination.

Another thing to note is the support for the application. All information related to your castle will be collected here. In particular, the program will warn that someone has entered the wrong code more than three times or puts a finger on the scanner, the fingerprint of which is not in the database. There is also a whole history of operations here. Finally, with the help of the application, you can block the card key if it is lost.

Perhaps this is one of the best electronic locks in our selection. But if you are used to the fact that Xiaomi products are sold at a very low price, then you will have to be disappointed. For this model they ask for almost 20 thousand rubles. However, analogues from more respected companies with similar capabilities are even more expensive.

Best Padlock Koogeek Smart Fingerprint Lock Apple HomeKit (L3)

In our selection, we couldn't help but mention the Koogeek Smart Fingerprint Lock Apple HomeKit (L3). This is a unique creation that does not belong to any of the two categories described above. The fact is that this fingerprint lock is a cap lock!

Such locks are now protecting garages or some other similar premises. However, this model has a relatively small size and less tolerance for frost than its mechanical counterparts. This allows us to conclude that such a lock is needed only for short-term use. You can attach a bicycle to them, so that later you do not waste time fiddling with the keys. Or you can protect them with some kind of box or door of a piece of furniture.

To open the lock, you need to put your finger on the corresponding sensor. Interestingly, this model supports the iOS operating system with its voice assistant Siri. This means that you will be warned that an outsider is putting his finger on the scanner. You can also give Siri a voice command to open the lock - in some cases it is even more convenient than scanning a fingerprint.

This smart lock can be used by different people - in total, 50 fingerprints can be stored in its memory. The application also stores 100 records of the latest unlocks - such a history can be very useful. The lock works from the built-in accumulator. And it works for a long time - a full charge is enough for about a year to the extent of regular use of the lock. The micro-USB port is used to connect the charger.

It remains to be regretted that the castle is not waterproof. Light rain is unlikely to cause problems with the insides, but scanning a fingerprint at this point may not happen on the first try. Also, the disadvantages include the fact that there is no satellite application on the Android operating system.

Conclusion

Now you know about the existence of smart electronic locks. Moreover, you have met the best models. It seems that you can easily choose a suitable copy for yourself. It remains only to decide on the amount by which you are ready to be generous.

When organizing the protection of computer information, it is important to ensure the integrity of the protection system.

In the general case, the threats of transferring the protection system software to a passive state can be classified as follows:

• - the threat of system boot without protection mechanisms (OS boot without full or partial protection system);
• - the threat of transferring protection mechanisms (or the protection system as a whole) into a passive state in the process of functioning of the protected object;
• - if a hardware component is used for the purpose of additional protection (which monitors the activity of the protection system software), then an additional threat appears - the threat of removing the protection system equipment (hardware component) in order to subsequently transfer the protection system software to a passive state using one of the methods listed above.

As before, these threats can be classified as overt and covert. Hidden threats can be carried out using the attacker's own programs, as well as using bugs and bookmarks in the software. A generalized classification of threats to transfer the protection system software to a passive state is shown in Fig. 4.2.

Rice. 4.2.

Let's consider these groups of threats in relation to the OS of the Windows family. The threat of booting the system without protection mechanisms (assuming that the protection system is launched as a service at OS startup) is associated with the following possibilities:

• - booting the system from alternative media, e.g. from a floppy disk. In this case, since the OS, the service of which is supposed to run the protection system, is not loaded from the hard disk, the protection system is not loaded;
(for example, Safe Mode for Windows OS), or in another mode, for example, in DOS. In this case, it is possible to block the loading of drivers (the main protection mechanisms), i.e. load a system with reduced functionality. This is not terrible for the built-in OS mechanisms - the built-in protection system will not allow them to be disabled, but it is critical for additional protection mechanisms, because. for the OS, the drivers and application protection tools are external tools. Therefore, it does not provide a countermeasure against their possible shutdown. Here we note that the fundamental difference between booting in safe mode for UNIX and Windows (naturally, we are considering NT technology) is that for UNIX OS such a boot can only be performed by the user root after authorization, in Windows OS - any current user after authorization.

According to the method of implementing protection in the case under consideration, two classes of methods can be distinguished:

• - methods that implement software protection;
• - methods that implement hardware protection.

All software protection mechanisms are in one way or another related to the use or modification of the software security management tool - BIOS.

The BIOS allows you to set various boot modes. In particular, it allows you to set the boot only from the system disk on which the OS is installed. At the same time, the protection system is launched as the last service (or service). A password can be set to change the specified method of booting the OS using the BIOS.

The following disadvantages are associated with the implementation of protection in this way:

• - the use of engineering passwords in a number of BIOS programs is known - passwords, the entry of which, regardless of the password set, allows access to the settings of the OS boot method;
• - with the help of special programs in Windows OS, the BIOS settings can be reset to their original state, in which the boot order is critical from the point of view of system protection by default: first of all, booting is performed from the disk drive. Therefore, if the built-in BIOS authentication mechanism is used to protect the boot, then the protection system must have an active mechanism for ensuring the closure of the software environment, which does not allow the user to run the BIOS reset program, as well as perform other actions to modify the BIOS.

Obviously, there are two possible ways to overcome the shortcomings associated with using the built-in BIOS user authentication tools that are used in practice:

• - BIOS expansion by using the original (not built-in) user authorization program when accessing the BIOS settings;
• - modifying the BIOS program by truncating the system boot options it provides to the user.

The first approach is implemented using hardware components widely used today (in particular, "Electronic locks"). These components are made in the form of special boards installed in a free slot of the computer. The board includes a hardware and software tool for expanding BIOS functions.

At the same time, one of the possible well-known methods of protection is that during boot, the BIOS system is endowed with an additional function implemented by the board - the user authorization function (various hardware keys are often used here to enter the user password).

In this way, "Electronic lock"- This is a hardware component that expands the BIOS, designed to block prohibited OS boot options and protect against modification of the PC configuration.

The electronic locks implemented in the Rebus and Secret Net software block external storage media and keyboards by software until the OS is loaded.

Electronic locks are full-fledged locking devices, the body of which contains all the mechanical and electronic components necessary for their operation. For example, they may have an embedded code pad, card reader, or fingerprint reader, depending on the model. And all this will work from a set of batteries. That is, an electronic lock is a complete solution that you can install and use yourself.

From this point of view, electronic door locks are as perfect as conventional ones. Sales of these smart devices are constantly growing, they are pushing imperfect electromechanical devices out of the market. Perhaps in the future all locks will become electronic.

5 benefits of electronic locks

autonomy

Since the reader, code panel and controller are inside the device, power consumption is minimal. Often powered by batteries, one set of which is enough for six months or a year. Therefore, when installing such an electronic lock on the door, you do not need to pull wires.

Mobile app control

In such smart electric locks, communication with the outside world is carried out via the Bluetooth wireless interface, supported by most smartphones and laptops. An important advantage is that you do not need an Internet connection. This will prevent hackers from hacking the electric lock programmatically. The range of Bluetooth communication usually does not exceed 5-20 meters, and can be reduced for security in the lock settings.

Ability to issue a key remotely

Being thousands of kilometers from the apartment, you can issue a temporary key for a guest or child, which will be valid until a certain date. Depending on the model, it may be a combination of numbers, a file sent by e-mail. The information for the electric lock in this key is encrypted and can only be decrypted by this controller.

Opening in any convenient way

Manufacturers offer a line of devices that expand the capabilities of their smart electric locks. For example, for DESi electronic locks, you can buy a wireless terminal with a fingerprint scanner, a code panel, a key fob for remote opening.

Door modernization

To install a traditional electric lock instead of a mechanical one, you need to stretch the wires to the door, replace the device itself in the door. This takes time and money.

When installing an electronic lock in the form of a security mechanism, you simply replace the cylinder. In 30 seconds, door automation is completed.

Electronic locks: what are they and how are they installed

Smart electronic locks are increasingly installed on the door instead of or in addition to mechanical ones. Opening with a card or code is more convenient than carrying around an uncomfortable metal key. In this article, we will analyze the types of electronic locks and talk about their features.

Mortise electronic locks

Such an electric lock has a mortise part, which is installed in the door leaf.

Moreover, it is not inferior in reliability to conventional locks. An important difference is that when you try to break the electric lock, a siren can turn on and a signal is given to the alarm. Mechanical doesn't do that.

A smart block with batteries is located on the back of the door. It also contains the controller.

Mortise electronic locks can have a classic push handle.

Or the innovative Pull-Push system. This is, for example, in Samsung. To open the door from the outside, you need to pull the handle, which is especially convenient for children and people with disabilities.

And when you leave the house, you need to press the handle. It's more convenient when your hands are busy.

In case of failure of the electronics, there is an alternative mechanical option to unlock the mechanism. For example, a long mechanical key, the hole for which is hidden under a decorative cover.

Additional functions:

• Auto-closing door. The electric lock itself goes into the closed state 10 or more seconds after the door is closed.
• Night mode. A kind of analogue of the night crossbar. When the function is enabled, it will not be possible to open the door from the outside with a card or code.

Overhead electronic locks

They do not have a mortise. Therefore, they are easier to install. A convenient opportunity is opening the lock with a mechanical knob from inside the room. They do not have a push handle on the outside, but when installing the outer part with a code panel and a card reader, one small through hole for the wire is enough.

The rest of the functionality is similar to the mortise models.

Overlay handles

This type of lock turns the usual mechanical, already installed in the door, into an electronic one. Such models are available, for example, from ironlogic.

It takes no more than 10 minutes to install instead of a standard push handle. To open the door, you need to bring the card to the built-in reader. After that, when you press the handle, the latch is removed, you can open the door.

Smart cylinders

Another type of electronic lock, designed for quick modernization of a mechanical one. We unscrew the screw holding the usual secrecy mechanism, and insert a smart one instead. DESi and ISEO have such models.

Outside, such electric locks can be opened with a key fob, phone, presenting a card, entering a code or a fingerprint. Readers interact with the cylinder via a wireless channel, there is no need to pull the wires.

An electric motor can be built into the body, which pushes the crossbars in the same way as a mechanical key inserted into the larva, or a crank from the inside.

The second type of electronic cylinders are the usual secrecy mechanisms without an electric motor, but electronically locked. Those. until the card is presented, it will be impossible to turn the key in the larva.

In Moscow, you can buy Ironlogic, Samsung and other brands of electronic door locks at a price recommended by manufacturers in the Technical Laboratory online store. There is a discount for purchasing multiple devices. We deliver the goods to Moscow and any region of Russia.