The fast food business is very profitable. This has already been appreciated by hundreds of entrepreneurs, including newcomers. But in order not to make large investments at the start, you can choose a slightly different area - mobile fast food. This format of public catering in Russia is not yet “famous” for high competition, which means that you have a chance to win back your niche in the market. Fast food on wheels as a business is considered highly profitable - investments with a consistently high demand for the dishes offered can pay off in six months.

Our business valuation:

Starting investment - from 300,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The complexity of starting a business is 5/10.

Mobile fast food can hardly be called a full-fledged catering establishment. In mobile stalls, people only buy “fast” food so that they can go about their business again. The format of the mobile outlet may be different.

Analyze your local consumer market. If in the business part of the city and on busy avenues, food trucks are not represented at all or are presented in limited numbers, you can start your own business. It is better to plan the opening in the spring - there will be more demand, and you will be able to recoup an impressive part of the investment in one summer season. How to open fast food on wheels? What nuances will an entrepreneur have to settle in order to start a business?

How to start a business on wheels?

Start the implementation of a business project by finding the “right” vehicle. An ordinary truck, of course, will not work here - you need a special van designed for the cafeteria. Moreover, it is more profitable to find just such, otherwise impressive investments will go to the “alterations” of an ordinary car. There are many companies selling and leasing commercial trailers on the market - there are plenty to choose from.

To minimize investments at the start, you can not purchase a van for personal use, but rent it. In the future, when things go uphill, just buy the vehicle.

Perhaps the only drawback of this direction is the need to obtain numerous permits from state inspections. Register your activity and register with the tax office. To prepare all the documents, you have to wait at least 3-6 months. Preparing for the opening of the "institution" will check the sanitary and fire services. The local bodies of Rospotrebnadzor will have to approve the menu and recipes.

And do not forget that a car for fast food on wheels still remains a car that needs full legal registration - it is subject to registration with the traffic police, technical inspection, and obtaining OSAGO insurance.

It also does not hurt to think about the design of the outlet. Let the van attract customers not only with the pleasant aromas of freshly prepared food, but also with its bright design. This is how you will create your own brand name - who knows, maybe soon you will expand your network of mobile coffee shops.

If there is a financial opportunity, it is better to involve a professional lawyer in “paper” cases - important tasks will have to be solved, which will be problematic for an ignorant person to understand.

Choose a line of business

The business plan for fast food on wheels must include a menu item. The amount of revenue will largely depend on the range of dishes offered. And here it does not hurt to analyze the activities of competitors - what they sell, what customers are more willing to buy from them, what service they offer.

Mobile fast food can specialize in the sale of only one dish, or it can offer customers a full range of "fast" food. Our compatriots prefer the following menu:

• shawarma,
• pizza,
• hot dogs,
• pies,
• pancakes,
• confectionery.

It's great if the mobile cafe additionally sells hot and cold drinks - there is always a demand for them.

When working out the menu, pay attention to the offers of franchisors. A fast food franchise on wheels will save the entrepreneur from developing the concept and design of the future establishment - all data is provided by the parent company. But there are few offers of such a plan on the market, they cost decently, and the rules of cooperation are sometimes simply impossible to fulfill. Therefore, it is sometimes financially more profitable for a novice entrepreneur to open an institution from scratch.

Be prepared for the fact that inspection authorities will periodically visit the fast food trailer. Everything here must be kept clean and tidy. And the highest requirements must be made to the purchased products for cooking! If representatives of the sanitary services during the inspection reveal any violations, the sale of fast food on wheels will be suspended. To avoid this, use products only from trusted suppliers - it is clearly not worth saving here. It is better to establish contacts with local food processing plants and vegetable sellers - then you will not have to overpay for the delivery of "raw materials" from afar.

Location of the outlet

Buying a mobile shopping kiosk for fast food is half the battle. Now it is worth deciding on its location. And here, too, a number of problems are possible. Even though your cafe will be on wheels, you can't just stand anywhere on the side of the road and start offering people "fast" food! It will be necessary to "settle" somewhere.

Mobile carts for fast food and vans should be installed in passable places. Sleeping areas - not your option. Here, the dishes will not diverge so quickly, which will significantly reduce revenue.

Fast food van on wheels can be put:

• close to major markets
• on the territory of large shopping centers,
• at the train stations
• in the business part of the city,
• on busy streets.

Many entrepreneurs change their location for the period of major city holidays, installing a car for fast food in amusement parks and squares. On one such day, you can make a monthly income.

To set up a mobile counter at a selected location, obtain permission from your local city government or private tenant. You will conclude an agreement with the specified amount of rent for the site. Experts advise at first not to conclude a long-term contract for the use of land - it is important to first understand whether there will be a decent income in a particular place. In case of failure, you can always move to another place.

Camper Equipment Costs

Fast food equipment on wheels can be bought inexpensively. The exact list of necessary kitchen utensils, utensils and appliances will depend on the chosen specifics of the business. In any case, it is quite realistic to meet even 200,000 rubles.

As a rule, a fast food machine is equipped with the following equipment:

• microwave,
• grill ovens,
• coffee makers and juicers,
• cooler,
• heated counters,
• fridge.

If you do not have sufficient finances, you can think about purchasing used equipment. But be careful when choosing it - sellers can simply sell illiquid assets.

To work with kitchen equipment, you do not have to look for experienced employees - even beginners will cope with the tasks. Hire at least two salespeople to work in shifts. Please note that each employee must have a sanitary book!

How much can you earn from a food truck?

To buy a fast food van on wheels and all the necessary equipment, you will need at least 1,000,000 rubles. If you rent a vehicle, the initial investment can be reduced to 300,000 rubles - the best option for beginners!

Do not expect huge profits in the first months of operation - the mobile shop will gain popularity gradually.

When setting up a business, pay attention to pricing. The cost of the dishes you offer should not exceed the bar that your closest competitors have set! Customers won't buy expensive hot dogs if there's a better-priced eatery literally 100 meters away.

• 1 What is a burger on wheels
• 2 Benefits of food on wheels
• 5 Food truck in terms of legislation. Mobile Commerce Law
• 6 Renting a food truck - is it profitable?
• 7 How to get a trading permit
• 8 How much can a tavern on wheels bring

Finding your niche in the restaurant business can be tricky. One of the options for a new project is a burger on wheels: a street food outlet that can drive around the city in any direction.

We will analyze what such a burger place is like, how to draw up a business plan for opening it, what you need to know about the law on mobile commerce and food truck rental.

What is a burger on wheels

The food truck is a fully equipped van with a small kitchen inside. In this kitchen, you can cook almost any dish, but the food truck is suitable mainly for snacks andfast food. It is also called a burger food truck because this menu item brings in the most revenue.

Food trucks are divided into small burgers that can travel outside your city, and full-fledged mobile street food outlets. Choose the most suitable option for you and use it when drawing up a business plan.

Benefits of food on wheels

Below are the main advantages of a burger on wheels as a business project.

1. Requires less investment than a regular street food outlet

If you need from 1 to 5 million rubles to open a full-fledged cafe, then the snack bar will cost much less - especially if you rent a van.

1. No need to hire a large number of employees

A maximum of two employees can work in such a diner. Usually these are two cooks or a cook and a cashier. Often there is only a cook in the van who also accepts payment. With a large influx of people, you can take a second person.

You can outsource accounting, and the manager and technologist, due to physical impossibility (there is not enough space for three people and a full-fledged kitchen in a classic van), will not be able to be present in the burger shop all the time.

1. Pays off quickly

The payback period for such a business is from one month. This is much less than the payback periodstandard cafeor street food outlets.

1. Can move in any direction

With special permission, the food truck can move inside your city or travel outside of it into the region. You can empirically find the best food outlets and sell burgers there at the best time. It also contributes to increased sales and a quick return on payback. However, to obtain such a permit, you will need to collect a package of documents and hire an experienced driver.

1. Low competition and the opportunity to make good money on each dish

Low competition and high mobility make it possible to charge a certain type of burger at regular prices from twenty percent. If you set up a diner for the day in a wired location where there are no other restaurants or cafes of this type, burgers and other dishes will be bought at any price you set - within reason.

Before starting your business, you need to write out a plan in detail, including all the characteristics of the project, analysis of the market, costs, expected income. .

1. Project Description

In the description, explain how your food truck will be different from other similar businesses in the area. Here you can also insert a table with analytics of competitive businesses, a description of their pros and cons, which will help with the promotion of your food truck.

Write how your business will differ from a regular burger one and what advantages you see in opening it. If you are looking for investment, the business plan can be shown to potential investors or sponsors

1. Target audience analysis

Analyze the audience that might be interested in your offer. The analysis consists of a description of age, income, place of residence and food habits. The audience can be divided into several streams - students going out for a snack during a long break, office workers looking for an inexpensive lunch option near the business center, city guests, and so on.

1. Goal setting

Set a specific goal - for example, the desired payback period. A business plan focused on the next goal will need to be prepared in the second or third month of your business.

1. Production plan

What will you serve? Which dishes will be offered to customers ready-made, and which will need to be prepared in front of the client? What products are required for this? What equipment will need to be purchased, at what cost and where? Write down the answers to these questions.

1. Financial plan

The most voluminous block of the entire business plan will contain detailed information about what will need to be purchased and what will have to be spent on. In the financial plan, indicate the expenses foropening a sole proprietorship or LLC, wages for all employees you plan to hire, expenses for renting or buying a food truck, purchasing ingredients and equipment, purchasing a cash register with a service license, and so on. The financial plan should contain all possible items of expenditure, not only for the starting stage, but also for the full continuation of the activities of the food truck.

Every month you will need to pay salaries to employees, renew the lease on the food truck (if you have not purchased one), buy ingredients and possibly buy or replace broken equipment, which happens infrequently.

A financial plan usually contains a calculation of the cost of dishes and ready-made products, drinks served in a food truck, a calculation of their final price for the buyer and benefits for you, as well as formulas for reaching payback and approximate profit. Do not forget about taxes, which also need to be written at the end of the plan.

Analyze how much you can bet on burgers based on the average market price. See how much profit will go to you after selling one burger and what you can spend the money on.

Another expense item is the interior and exterior design of the food truck. Set a certain budget for signage, exterior and visible parts of the interior, branded products, uniforms for employees. At first, you only need to hire a cook and a driver.

1. Marketing plan

You can buy advertising on outdoor media and in printed publications of the city where your food truck will be located, indicating its location at a certain time of the day. It would be useful to prescribe an initial travel plan at least a month in advance. Then create a layout for a billboard or small sign.

Advertising on the Internet can be much more successful and beneficial for your business than advertising on physical media. Pay attention to the available options - for example, banners on city portals and sites popular among your audience. You can also turn to advertising on social networks - it is easier to set up, it will be displayed in the general feed of your target audience, and the cost will be less than buying advertising on the site. You can also choose banner or targeted advertising.

The equipment that you will need to open a project like this is a kitchen and its components. At the end of the wagon, you can place a small warehouse of ingredients - you will need to calculate how much food you need to put in the food truck per day.

You can buy kitchen equipment and shelves for a mini-warehouse in specialized stores. However, it will be much cheaper to turn to wholesale suppliers who also sell equipment at retail.

Typically, such companies are located in large cities, and their warehouses are located in the region. In order not to spend money on delivery, you can pick up the ordered equipment on the same van, which is planned to be turned into a diner later. But first you will need to get permission to move around the city and region.

The difference in the cost of equipment (refrigerators, dryers, kitchen space, and so on) can be up to thirty percent for different suppliers. Put all the data you find in a table to clearly see where you can purchase the necessary goods with the maximum discount. Promotional programs begin at the end of the season - be attentive to the discounts that the manufacturer offers for kitchen sets.

Food truck in terms of legislation. Mobile Commerce Law

The law on mobile commerce has not yet been adopted on the territory of the Russian Federation. The final reading will take place in April 2019. The bill currently includes:

1. Preservation of a certain place of the main location for the business
2. Extension of contracts for the provision of services with any contractors without bidding
3. Framework rules for food trucks

Mobile trading involves obtaining permission to sell certain types of goods and dishes, as well as the movement of your eatery around the city and - separately - around the region.

Renting a food truck - is it profitable?

Renting a food truck on wheels is much cheaper than buying one. However, if you plan to develop a diner and do this business for more than one year, it will be easier to buy a car than to spend money on renting it every month.

The cost of renting a van starts from 40 thousand rubles (data for Moscow and the Moscow region). Making a food truck will cost at least 10 thousand.

You can achieve a quick return on payback only if you rent a food van that is already ready for decoration. But the purchase of a small food truck, which can be included in the starting capital of 1.5-2 million rubles, will play into your hands in the future. If you do not want to depend on the landlord, who may not renew the contract with you and take your property, buy a ready-made food truck, but in this case, count on a longer payback period.

How to get a trading permit

In order to obtain a trade permit, you will need to fill out a form for entrepreneurs on the website of the tax office. There you need to specify which specific products will be sold in your food truck. Permission is obtained separately for ready-made products and separately for dishes and ingredients from which they will be created.

After filling out the form, go to the office of the tax service of the Russian Federation in your city with a package of documents (their full list can be found on the official website of the relevant department). You will need to fill out a few more papers confirming the existence of a business, individual entrepreneur or LLC and all of the listed products.

The decision to issue a trade permit is made within one working week. During this time, you will have time to select the staff who will work in your food truck, find possible ways to replace ingredients that are difficult to obtain permission, and resolve any documentation problems.

Step-by-step plan for obtaining a trade permit:

1. Obtaining permits for the sale of finished products (Tax Service). You will need a list of products and ingredients.
2. Submission of a notification about the start of the functioning of the food point to local authorities (district or city government). Specify the full name of the owner of the enterprise, legal address, TIN, PSRN, type of activity and a list of work performed.
3. Apply for a permit to open a non-stationary retail facility (Department of Commerce of your city). You will need to provide a notice of commencement of activities and a contract with the supplier company of your choice.
4. Permission to sell alcohol is filled out only if you plan to sell the relevant drinks in the next six months of the business. You can issue such an agreement at the Department of Commerce and Services of a particular city.

All licenses are issued free of charge within one working week if an application needs to be considered. The permit is issued on the day of receipt of the application and documents (if required).

It is important to collect all the required certificates and obtain all the necessary permits, without which your business can be easily “curtailed”. Don't forget to complete:

• waste collection contract
• water supply contracts
• certificates of all food products,
• medical records for staff.

These documents, along with all licenses and permits, must be submitted to Rospotrebnadzor.

How much can a tavern on wheels bring

At first, a food truck can bring from three hundred thousand rubles a month. The standard payback period is from four months, in the case of renting a food truck, it is reduced to one to two months.

Before reaching payback, the amount that a food truck brings in per month may vary from season to season. The best time to open a food truck is during spring and summer. Autumn and especially winter are calm periods. But everything will depend on the city in which you want to open your business, and in many respects - on weather conditions.

After reaching the payback, you can count on a profit of five hundred thousand rubles a month and more. This figure is especially relevant for the warm season, when a food truck will be an excellent option for customers to replace a classic cafe or burger for a customer.

Open this business from scratchalmost anyone can. Before starting the activity, make sure that all the documentation is in order so as not to lose your investment due to the closure of the food truck by the authorities.

Professional business plans

• Market analysis
• Where to be located?
• Marketing
• • Mobile Commerce Law
• Equipment preparation
  • Power supply
• Branding
• Risks: identify and mitigate
• conclusions

Food truck. Introduction

The catering market is the largest in the world. It is also considered the most convenient to start. Therefore, many aspiring entrepreneurs use it to start their business journey.

One of the most popular niches in the catering market is food trucks. In our review, you will get an idea about the food truck business and basic recommendations for starting.

For the convenience of describing the business model, we will use an example with the following characteristics:

• investments - 2 million rubles;
• occupied area - 8 square meters;

• reaching self-sufficiency - 0.5 years.

We note right away that we took the given data only as an example, they are average for the market. Your data is likely to be different, so treat this material accordingly.

Market analysis

Before as food truck, it is worth noting the nature of the market. Street catering has been under pressure since 2011. Since then, the number of catering organizers has decreased three times. There are several reasons for this:

Shopping malls that organize places for fast food. Since the climate in our country is cold most of the season, bistros in shopping centers began to win in competition over street food;

Demolition law. Many noticed that at one moment all the stalls disappeared from the streets. The reason for this was the relevant laws. After their adoption, the city mayor's offices hesitated to demolish the stalls until the higher authorities took drastic measures. Since then, local self-government has been considering such proposals from entrepreneurs with concern;

Quality of food and service. In those days, when relative devastation reigned in the country, no one paid much attention to non-compliance with sanitary standards in places of public catering. There were many other problems. This has formed a certain stereotype regarding the safety of food on the street.

And despite all this, the popularity of cafes with the opportunity to "sit in the open air" is constantly growing. More and more often you can see street shawarma, pizzerias, coffee shops. Today they are beginning to seriously compete with traditional fast food. So why shouldn't he be on wheels? No wonder this is one of the most popular, from ancient times to this day.

By the way, a food truck can be useful not only for start-up entrepreneurs, but also for existing fast food businesses. As one of the new directions.

Zaku juicy on wheels is a miniature car-based cafe. Cars are adapted for cooking fast food. At the same time, branded seats are organized outside the van, where you can conveniently eat.

The biggest advantage of this approach is that the vehicle is on the move, giving owners the ability to change the location of the van. And choose the most advantageous places, depending on the time of day, holidays, street events, season and other parameters that affect the density of foot traffic.

Benefits of a food truck business

In the West, burgers on wheels are wildly popular. This is due to some features of this business:

• fast start

It can take no more than one and a half months from the moment the idea arises to the first day of sales. If everything is done quickly, doing some processes at the same time. This includes the solution of formal issues, and the purchase of a car with its subsequent re-equipment, and the development of a brand and menu, and so on. At the same time, the organization of fast food from scratch, for example, in a shopping center, can take three to four months.

• quick payback

The payback of a food truck, depending on the efficiency of choosing a location, can reach 3 months.

• low market entry threshold

In this business, there is no need to buy or rent premises and repair them. This saves a significant part of the budget at the start. It is enough to put chairs and tables on the street, hang branding elements and start cooking on previously purchased equipment.

• mobility and flexibility

A snack bar on wheels is convenient in that you can always easily choose a place for location. The seller understands in advance where a large number of hungry people are expected at one time or another. It is convenient to test many different hypotheses. By the way, by choosing the most profitable places, in the future you can organize ordinary cafes on them.

Popular formats of food on wheels

With all these advantages, a food truck can specialize in a huge number of different types of dishes. And here are just some of the possible formats for such a business:

• shawarma on wheels. The menu includes several types of shawarma and samsa. As well as various drinks in the form of tea, juice, coffee and so on;
• coffee shop on wheels The menu of this format includes 20-30 types of coffee, smoothies, cocktails. As well as various pastries, sweets and desserts. The main tool in this case is a coffee machine;
• burger on wheels . Burgers are one of the fastest growing areas today;
• steaks on wheels. High-quality meat is one of the most important components of the success of this format. In fact, in this business, all that is needed from the equipment is a powerful grill.

The food truck options are not limited to this. Nobody bothers to cook pasta, pastries, sushi and other dishes for a quick snack.

Where to be located?

Today, for taverns on wheels, the same requirements are imposed as for other organizations. . Specifically, the activities of food trucks today are not yet regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation, although there are corresponding initiatives.

In this case, the location of your workspace is what needs to be considered first of all. What local location options are provided for food trucks today:

1. Lease of the territory which is in private or city property.

This is the most common location for a food truck. It is most profitable to rent plots located near entertainment complexes and shopping centers. So you get not only access to organized traffic, but also proximity to utilities. Such as water, electricity sewerage and so on.

1. Public events.

For the effective use of this location format, it is necessary to constantly monitor the events that take place in the city. These are fairs, festivals, concerts, holidays dedicated to the day of the city, and so on. The organizers of these events should be contacted in advance in order to agree on the lease of the trading space.

The cost may vary, as it happens that a small city holiday is significantly different in revenue from a rock festival. Therefore, the price of renting these plots will be different.

For both of these options, it is important to make a correct throughput calculation. In the case of a food truck, throughput will be measured in terms of the number of dishes sold in any unit of time. You also need to pay attention to the possibility of queues, which can lead to lost profits. To avoid this, you can hire additional staff.

Please note that any other food truck location may be unauthorized. This can lead to administrative fines and even a complete ban on engaging in this type of activity.

Which car to choose for a food truck?

Renting a food truck, as well as its independent equipment, requires . Light trucks are great for food trucks. Depending on the format of the selected food truck and the conditions in which the trade will take place, the type and brand of the car may differ.

For example, a car of the Chinese brand BAW perfectly meets the conditions of large cities. This car is nimble, comfortable and presentable. It is convenient to trade with it on the beaches, in recreation areas, parks, streets and other urban places.

But the Gazelle is most effective for . The car is relatively easy to repair and easy to operate. It is convenient to overcome medium distances on it in order to travel to sanatoriums, boarding houses, rest houses, fairs in rural areas, and so on. However, in the appearance of the Gazelle there is not enough aesthetics for operation within the boundaries of the metropolis.

Even more brutal is the MAZ car. But on the other hand, the kitchen based on it will be productive and multifunctional. The machine can easily cope with any terrain and climate zone. On it you can even go to the mountains!

Below are a few brands of cars suitable for food trucks, and the order of their prices:

Volkswagen - 3,000,000 rubles

Mercedes - 2,500,000 rubles

Gazelle - 2,000,000 rubles

BAW - 1,500,000 rubles

Who are the clients and where to find them

The target audience can be very different. Be smart and think about the places where your potential consumers live.

For example, it can be schoolchildren and students. Moving from place to place, from change to change, you can serve several educational institutions with hot meals.

The food truck business performs well in a city with a high pace of life. People are always in a hurry somewhere, they have very little free time. A food truck is perfect for them.

Thinking along these lines, generate some localization ideas. And then choose the most realistic one. As a last resort, no one bothers to change the business model in the future.

Marketing

A feature of such a business as a food truck is that it practically does not require advertising. For him, the pedestrian traffic that is in the places of localization is enough. People pass by, see the food, buy it and immediately eat it or take it with them.

But on a social network will definitely not interfere. It allows you to publish useful and entertaining content. Through these channels, you can inform your potential customers about the places of your future stay, about menu updates, hold contests and promotions.

Also, always keep in mind that the most valuable resource for your customers is time. Therefore, organize a convenient service for them so that everything is at hand and before your eyes. Tables, chairs, convenient menus, napkins, wastebaskets and so on. Let them not have a single question in the service process. And then they will appreciate the service and show gratitude in the form of subsequent visits.

Trade Permit: How to Legalize a Food Truck

In addition to the documents standard for all types of trade, the organization of street catering will require an appropriate trade permit. All cafes that set up tables on the street need to have such permission.

To obtain this permission, it is enough to be officially . To do this, you will need a standard package confirming the right to engage in entrepreneurial activity and an application for obtaining a plot for rent. A package of documents is submitted to the MFC or to the Department of Economics. After 30 days the license will be ready. But these licenses are valid for one season: their term expires on October 30 of each year.

As for the rental price, in many cases it is free. To renew the permit, you must apply for renewal every year to the same authorities.

Mobile Commerce Law

In Russia, the status of food on wheels has been discussed for a long time. And so, in September 2017, the draft law "Law on mobile commerce" was submitted to the State Duma. It contains a clear description of the concept of "mobile shopping facility", which is currently absent in the legislation. The law is planned to prescribe the rights and obligations not only of street catering, but also of other forms of small business, for example, .

This bill is considered strategically important. Because it can lower the price of products and improve the quality of the goods sold.

Staff: who will work in the food truck?

Historically, most food trucks are run by owners (entrepreneurs themselves). Because such a business has gained popularity, that for its organization . A car, a stove, groceries - and in the basic version, you can start trading.

But in modern conditions, a diner on wheels can be organized with hired staff. To provide labor resources for this business, the competence of a driver, a cook, a logistician and an accountant is required.

Semi-finished products or own production?

Recently, in America, it has become forbidden by law to engage in subsidiary households for the purpose of market sales, in particular through food trucks. In other words, for a sold tomato grown in your garden, you can go to jail. This circumstance significantly influenced the culture of food trucks in the United States.

In the Russian Federation, the sale of products not regulated. This makes it possible to buy semi-finished products from farms, and not use store products. Healthy fast food can be a great competitive advantage. Moreover, you can buy natural products right in the villages, arriving there periodically by car.

But ready-made semi-finished products can also be used. In a free food truck market, this is also a very profitable option. And more time-saving as well.

Equipment preparation

To get started, you will need the food truck itself. It can be bought ready-made or designed and assembled from scratch.

If we are talking about design, then this is the largest item of expenditure. In this process, it is necessary to purchase equipment and develop a brand.

The most difficult part in the design is the connection of the food truck equipment to the engineering networks. It is necessary to provide that it is fast, convenient and resistant to frequent connections.

Power supply

There are two options for providing power: autonomous and from an external source. With autonomous power supply, power is provided by an internal source. To do this, it is necessary to equip the car with a sufficiently powerful generator so that its charge is enough for at least five hours.

Another option for an internal power source is a converter. It serves to provide battery power. This method is used in extreme cases, since it causes significant wear on the battery.

The option with an external source implies connection to an external power supply network. While convenient and stable, using only this type of power supply limits the mobility of your food truck.

Choosing equipment and inventory for the food truck

The composition of equipment and inventory for different versions of food trucks can vary significantly. We will consider the example of a "Burger on wheels" with a capacity of 40-60 people per hour.

This version of the food truck includes processes for making rolls, sandwiches, burgers, french fries, panini, freshly ground coffee and tea.

The table below shows the estimate for the purchase of equipment for the "Burger on wheels"

equipment identification	Cost, rub
Freezer table	70 000
Refrigerated table	70 000
Island desktop	12 000
frying surface	40 000
Boiler	5 000
coffee machine	35 000
Scales	10 000
fryer	10 000
French fries filling station	150 000
Solid wall shelf	2 000
Industrial wall table	10 000
Wardrobe	3 000
TOTAL	417 000

The table below shows the estimate for the purchase of equipment for the "Burger on wheels"

Branding

A lot depends on how the food truck and related elements look: what kind of audience it will attract, the degree of loyalty to the service, and much more. Therefore, brand development must be approached with an understanding of your target audience, first of all.

Brand development consists of:

• corporate style development;
• production of paraphernalia;
• style implementation.

The average branding price is about 25 thousand rubles.

Don't forget to include menu development in your branding. The menu can be in the format of distributing booklets and in the form of a sign.

Profitability and payback of the food truck

In our example, the "Burger on wheels" serves 40-60 customers per hour. This means that in 8 hours of work from 320 to 480 customers will be served.

With an average check of 350 rubles, income for one working day will be from 112,000 to 168,000 rubles. For 20 days in a month, the revenue will be from 2,240,000 to 3,360,000 rubles. The food truck business has a margin of 50%. In our example, the yield to self-sufficiency will be from 4 to 6 months.

Risks: identify and mitigate

In some cases, the payback of a food truck on wheels can last more than six months. If this happens, then the reason most likely lies in the following:

• there is no unique style;
• there is no unique selling proposition;
• the wrong place is chosen;
• low quality of service;
• tasteless food.

Analyze the cause of low performance and eliminate the identified shortcomings.

conclusions

Food truck is a very attractive business niche and here's why. Firstly, this business has proved to be excellent in the West, while it is just beginning to emerge on the Russian market. Secondly, the food truck as a business has a minimum entry threshold. Roughly speaking, it is enough to have a car and be able to cook.

Thirdly, this type of business is great , because it has a high margin and relatively little business risk. And fourthly, if you start organizing a business right now, then in a month and a half or two months you will be able to start selling! And we wish you many, many satisfied customers!

* Calculations use average data for Russia

1. PROJECT SUMMARY

The goal of the project is to organize street fast food in the "diner on wheels" format. Trademark - "Restaurant car". It is planned to purchase and equip a snack van. The location of the project is the city of St. Petersburg. The success factors of the project are:

growth of the street fast food segment due to other catering formats

year-round demand

high market capacity due to the peculiarities of the city: tourist flow, a large number of students

format flexibility: a quick change of location is possible during the day in order to reach the target audience as much as possible

The main performance indicators of the project are given in Table. one.

Table 1. Key performance indicators of the project

2. COMPANY AND INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION

The catering market can be segmented as follows (by narrowing the niche):

public catering in general (cafes, restaurants, canteens, fast food);

fast food (cafes, stationary and non-stationary points of sale);

street fast food.

In general, today, the public catering industry in Russia is in a rather difficult state: according to experts, up to 30% of large players left the market in 2015. This is due, first of all, to the difficult economic situation and the fall in the solvency of the population. Attendance at cafes and restaurants decreased by about 30%. In addition, the industry is negatively affected by rising food prices associated with Western sanctions and import restrictions; domestic producers can not cope with the growth in consumption. According to Rosstat, turnover in the catering sector decreased by 6% in 2015. However, the decline falls primarily on traditional cafes and restaurants of the high price segment. Against the backdrop of a general decline in demand, some regions and segments of the catering market are experiencing an increase. Of the regions, experts single out the Tula and Voronezh regions, as well as the republics of Mordovia and Khakassia. As for the segments, fast food (+10% in 2015) and pizza delivery (+6%) are growing even in crisis conditions.

The most notable trends include the following:

orientation in the purchase of food products to domestic suppliers;

rejection of unreasonably expensive (“status”) establishments in favor of more democratic, but with good cuisine;

distribution of monospecialization (for example, on grilled meats, steaks or burgers)

the revival of interest in Russian cuisine or the cuisine of certain regions of Russia;

an increase in the share of vegetarian dishes in the menu of most establishments.

It is advisable to consider the segment of street fast food not at the level of the geographical sales region. Today, stationary pavilions with street food prevail: pies and other pastries, pancakes with fillings, shawarma, hot dogs. Shawarma is estimated to rank first in demand among all types of street fast food. However, there are also constraints to demand growth: many potential consumers are afraid to purchase this type of product due to uncertainty about the origin and quality of the original ingredients, as well as due to the potential lack of proper sanitary conditions in the pavilions when preparing the product.

The project involves the purchase and equipment of a specialized van (food truck), the identification of the most interesting points of sale, between which the food truck can move within a day, obtaining permission from the city administration. The basis of the restaurant car menu is burgers. The price segment is “medium” and “middle+”. The main competitive advantages of the project include:

using quality ingredients to make burgers

high quality products

high speed service

courtesy and courtesy of the staff

attractive appearance of the food truck and original design that attracts attention

The food truck is purchased new, based on a Chinese-made van, which allows to reduce the amount of investment costs (compared to vans of European brands); its equipment, the development of a technological map and a menu based on the wishes of the project initiator, is carried out by a specialized company.

It is planned to deploy at three main points and one additional seasonally (white nights); the time of presence is indicated for reference and may change in accordance with the conjuncture of demand:

St. Isaac's Cathedral area (09.00 - 14.00)

Nevsky Prospekt, area of ​​the Savior on Blood (14.00 - 19.00)

Area of ​​the Mariinsky Theater (19.00 – 23.00)

Palace Bridge area (23.00 - 02.00, during the white nights season)

Table 2. Investment costs for the project

	NAME	AMOUNT, rub.
Equipment
	Van
	Equipment
Intangible assets
	Food truck branding
working capital
	working capital
	Purchase of raw materials
	Total:	2 100 646 ₽
	Own funds:	RUB 1,200,000.00
	Required borrowings:	900 646 ₽
	Bid:	18,00%
	Term, months:

3. DESCRIPTION OF GOODS AND SERVICES

The project provides catering services to the population and guests of the city of St. Petersburg. The menu is based on burgers, in addition to them, french fries and drinks are offered. All ingredients used in the preparation of products, natural and fresh, are purchased from local suppliers. Strict quality requirements are imposed on the ingredients, the provision of certificates and permits by the supplier is mandatory.

The nomenclature and description of products are given in Table. 3. Selling prices are given in Table. four.

Table 3. Nomenclature and description of project products

	Name	Description
	bald eagle	Classic American rye burger with beef patty, potatoes and vegetables
	Elderly bald eagle	1.5 times enlarged "Bald Eagle"
	Cow in a trap	Burger with beef patty and vegetables under two layers of cheese
	Pig on the grass	Burger on wheat bun with bacon, vegetables, mozzarella and herbs
	Caucasian Areol	Burger on buckwheat bun with grilled lamb cutlet, under spicy sauce with Caucasian herbs, vegetables and Adyghe cheese
	Pig on the stove	Burger with grilled pork cutlet on rye bun with spicy sauce, cheddar cheese
	mama pig	Burger with pork cutlet on wheat bun with classic sauce, bacon, vegetables, potatoes and cheese
	scared salmon	Burger on wheat sesame bun with fish cake, vegetables, white sauce and herbs
	French fries "Batska"	Small french fries
	French fries "His Potato"	Medium french fries
	French fries "Alexander Bulbarborn"	Big french fries
	Natural coffee	Natural coffee to choose from: cappuccino, americano, viennese
	Natural tea	Natural tea to choose from: black, green, oolong, pu-erh
	Seasonal drinks	Seasonal drinks: iced tea and coffee, b/a mojito, b/a grog, b/a mulled wine
	Carbonated drinks	Highly carbonated soft drinks

Table 4. Variable Costs and Selling Prices

	PRODUCT / SERVICE	COSTS PER UNIT, rub.	TRADING MARGIN, %	UNIT COST, RUB.
	bald eagle
	Elderly bald eagle
	Cow in a trap
	Pig on the grass
	Caucasian Areol
	Pig on the stove
	mama pig
	scared salmon
	French fries "Batska"
	Natural coffee
	Natural tea
	Seasonal drinks
	Carbonated drinks

All burgers are served in custom-made cardboard boxes in accordance with the standards of the Dining Car brand. Drinks are served in insulated cardboard glasses.

Drinks are also exclusively made from natural ingredients: natural tea (brewed in a French press), natural coffee (brewed in a professional coffee machine). Seasonal drinks - non-alcoholic, based on tea and coffee.

4. SALES AND MARKETING

The target audience of the project is men and women aged 15 to 40 with an average income and above; leading an active lifestyle, spending a lot of time outside the home; tourists and students.

Points of sale (see Section 2) are selected taking into account the maximum traffic at certain times of the day. The food truck moves around the city in order to reach the target audience as much as possible.

Earn up to
200 000 rub. a month, having fun!

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Social networks are used to promote the brand: vk.com, Twitter and Instagram. SMM is conducted by the project initiator himself. Photos of burgers with attractive descriptions, recipes for homemade burgers and snacks, photos of satisfied customers with Dining Car products (with their consent), city news from the immediate environment of the food truck and other information are published. Paid promotion of individual posts is used. Advertising budget - 3,000 rubles per month.

The planned sales volume is given in Table. 5.

Table 5. Planned sales volume

	PRODUCT / SERVICE	AVERAGE PLANNED SALES VOLUME, units/month	PRICE PER UNIT, rub.	REVENUE, rub.	VARIABLE COSTS, rub.
	bald eagle
	Elderly bald eagle
	Cow in a trap
	Pig on the grass
	Caucasian Areol
	Pig on the stove
	mama pig
	scared salmon
	French fries "Batska"
	French fries "His Potato"
	French fries "Alexander Bulbarborn"
	Natural coffee
	Natural tea
	Seasonal drinks
	Carbonated drinks
			Total:	558 420	176 300

5. PRODUCTION PLAN

The main production asset is a food truck - a car van equipped with equipment for preparing burgers, hot drinks and french fries. The new van of the BAW brand is taken as the base as the most affordable. Kitchen equipment - European manufacturers of high quality. The food truck, in accordance with the requirements of the supervisory authorities, is equipped with running water supply, sewerage, and fire extinguishing equipment.

The equipment of the food truck is carried out by a specialized company offering turnkey services for organizing catering establishments: purchasing a car, developing advertising design, developing a menu, selecting suppliers, installing engineering networks and equipment. The total cost of a food truck with a range of equipment services is 2,045,646 rubles. The term of preparation is 45 calendar days. During the same period, recruitment and training of personnel is carried out.

Warehousing and storage of ingredients is carried out in a food truck refrigerator in accordance with the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor. The volume of the cabinet allows you to store a supply of food for two to three days. Ingredients are purchased from three suppliers located in St. Petersburg, self-delivery.

Technological maps are also provided by the food truck supplier. Preparation of products is carried out in strict accordance with them.

Once every three days, liquid production wastes are drained and their storage tanks are lightly cleaned. Cleaning is carried out by the project workers.

The production plan is given in App. 1 to this business plan.

6. ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN

The project implementation process can be divided into two main phases: the preparation phase and the operational phase. In the course of preparation, the food truck is purchased and equipped, staff is recruited and trained, business is registered and permits are obtained. The preparatory stage lasts 45 calendar days.

During the working phase, operational activities are directly carried out - trade in places agreed with the City Administration, as well as promotion in social networks.

All administrative and managerial functions are performed by the project initiator. To do this, he has the necessary skills and knowledge in the field of entrepreneurship, has experience in the field of public catering. In addition, the initiator of the project works on a food truck and performs the functions of a marketer (is engaged in promotion). Accounting outsourced.

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The following requirements are imposed on employees: work experience in the field of catering from 1 year, the presence of a medical book. Hours of work vary, 2/2. The staffing and wage fund are given in Table. 6.

Table 6. Staffing and payroll

	Job title	Salary, rub.	Quantity, pers.	FOT, rub.
Administrative
	Accountant
Industrial
	Food truck operator (cook)
	Total:				RUB 62,500.00
	Social Security contributions:				RUB 18,750.00
	Total with deductions:				RUB 81,250.00

7. FINANCIAL PLAN

The financial plan is drawn up for a five-year perspective and takes into account all income and expenses of the project (Appendix 2). The seasonality factor is also taken into account.

Investment costs amount to 2,100,646 rubles, of which the bulk is for the purchase of a food truck (Table 2). Own funds of the entrepreneur - 1.2 million rubles. The lack of funds is planned to be covered with a bank loan for a period of 3 years at a rate of 18% per annum. Loan repayment is carried out by annuity payments, credit holidays - 3 months.

Variable costs take into account the cost of ingredients, packaging, fuel and other consumables (Table 4). Fixed costs include rent for the use of points of sale, fuel, consumables (not related to working capital) and other expenses. The largest item of fixed costs is the depreciation of fixed assets. Depreciation charges are calculated using the straight-line method, the useful life of fixed assets is 5 years.

Table 7. Fixed costs

8. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

The effectiveness and investment attractiveness of the project is assessed on the basis of the financial plan, as well as simple and integral indicators.

Discounted cash flows are used to account for the time value of money. The discount rate is taken at 2%, since the technology and product are widely known to the market, the level of competition is relatively low. The level of risk is also low, all assets are quite liquid.

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The simple and discounted payback period of the project is 18 months. Annual revenue - 5.4 million rubles, net profit - 1.4 million rubles. Profitability of sales - 26%. It is expected to reach payback from the first month of operation. The net present value of the project (NPV) is 2,178,937 rubles, which indicates the effectiveness and prospects of the project. Return on investment ratio (ARR) - 6.03%. Profitability index (PI) - 1.04. All this suggests that the effectiveness of the project, although not high, but exists. Considering that the volume of investments is small, the assets are liquid, and the initiator is supposed to be self-employed, the project is interesting for investment.

Performance indicators are given in Table. one.

9. WARRANTIES AND RISKS

The project takes into account the main risks that may arise in the course of its implementation. The reasons can be both internal and external factors. Risks, their assessment and measures to neutralize them are given in Table. 8. Risk assessment is carried out on a five-point scale, where 1 is the lowest value.

Table 8. Potential risks and measures to neutralize them

APPENDIX 1 and APPENDIX 2

1926 people are studying this business today.

For 30 days this business was interested in 122182 times.

Profitability calculator for this business

Buying food on the street is not new for our compatriots. Today, this is gaining new popularity. It is convenient for people to grab something to eat on their way to work or even home. Fast food on wheels is a retail outlet that makes people's lives easier and tastier. The owner, having such a van, can make good money on it..

How much money do you need to start?

The entry threshold for this business. Despite the fact that there are probably similar outlets in every city, you can always make your mobile cafe special, give it a “zest” that will attract customers specifically to you. Fortunately, the world of cooking is wide and multifaceted, so there is always an opportunity to stand out with a special dish.

What profit can the owner of a mobile outlet expect?

The estimated profit of a fast food trucker depends on various factors. The following indicators play a special role:

• product quality;
• presence of competitors;
• location of the outlet;
• production cost;
• staff professionalism;
• tax regime.

The average profit of a food truck, which is well known to the target audience, will be at the level of $3,000 per month. It is considered as follows. The number of real buyers is 70 people per day. The average check amount is 2.5-3.5 dollars. So, the daily revenue is 175-245 dollars. If you work every day, then you will have a gross income of $6,300 (we used an average revenue of $210 for the calculation). The total cost of your business, including taxes and force majeure, will not exceed $3,300, that is, the net profit of the outlet is $3,000 per month.

Step by step plan to open a fast food on wheels

Necessary equipment

If you are planning to open such a business, then first of all you need to buy a van for cooking and selling fast food. Special equipment is installed in it, which will ensure the storage of products and ready meals, as well as cooking. By the way, it is not at all necessary to immediately purchase it, you can partially rent it. Today there are ready-made auto-buffets for sale. Their price is about $ 20 thousand, and a used trailer can be bought half cheaper (We also recommend reading: "")

Where is the best place to place mobile fast food

The next step is to choose the location of the cafe. It is desirable that there are no such outlets in the district, large supermarkets with culinary departments. Such food is in demand among students, so it would be a good idea to open fast food on or near college campuses. "On the go" people still have a snack visitors and travelers. If you manage to rent a place near train stations and bus stations, it will be a real success. To register a land plot for rent, you will need to contact the local city property management committee. This is the authorized body of the municipality, which concludes lease agreements with entrepreneurs. Businessmen who have gone through this procedure are advised to draw up paperwork for a year, and then renew them if necessary.

What documents are needed to open

Since our cafe is a public catering facility, permits for activities must be taken from Rospotrebnadzor, the fire service and the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station. There you need to submit pre-concluded contracts for the processing and disinfection of work clothes, equipment for the ventilation system and for garbage disposal.

What taxes does a food truck owner have to pay?

Even at the stage of registration of this area of ​​commercial activity with the Federal Tax Service, you need to choose a code (according to the all-Russian classifier of different lines of business) and a taxation regime. Mobile fast food is categorized with code OKVED 55.30, and the “softest” taxation system for a mobile snack bar is UTII (single tax on sane income).

Important point! Decisions about UTII (including the question of the types of activities for which it can be used) are made by local authorities. Therefore, it is possible that your city does not provide UTII for fast food, and you will have to choose between the simplified tax system and taxation on a general basis. As a rule, the latter option is problematic in terms of documentation, reporting, etc. So, in such situations, you need to write an application for choosing the simplified tax system (you must definitely choose a formula for calculating the amount of tax: 6% of profit or 15% of revenue).

Features of the fast food trade

Pizza is considered to be the "Queen" of fast food cafes. In an establishment of this format, it is important to correctly calculate the yield of a portion of a dish so that it is convenient to prepare and serve it to customers. A dish closer to our compatriots is pasties and dumplings. If you buy a grill, then you can immediately fry the chicken and sell it only "from the fire." Pancakes, pies, donuts, and even are popular with consumers. Remember, this establishment should attract as many customers as possible. Prices for all dishes should be low. They will pay off due to the turnover, which will ensure constant demand.