More than a dozen types of fittings are represented on the building materials market. Despite the extensive choice, A1 and A3 grades are most often used in civil engineering. They differ both in price and in characteristics, and our article will help you figure out which material is better to choose for certain purposes.
In order to understand how reinforcement A1 differs from A3, it is necessary to know what properties characterize this type of rolled metal.
The profile type is divided into smooth and periodic. The first has a flat surface, and the second has longitudinal and transverse ribs. The periodic profile adheres better to concrete, which increases the strength of the structure.
An equally important characteristic is the diameter of the cross section. For each of the brands of fittings, GOST sets the allowable dimensions. With an increase in the diameter of the cross section, both the strength of the reinforcing cage and the mass increase.
GOST also establishes the grade of steel from which the rods are made. Not only structural strength, but also corrosion resistance depends on it, which is important in aggressive environments, places with high temperature changes and high humidity.
Based on the class of reinforcing steel and its diameter, the strength characteristics of the material are determined. In GOST 5781-82, for each grade and diameter, the yield strength, tensile strength, relative elongation and other characteristics are indicated that will allow all calculations to be made before construction.
Characteristics and features of fittings A1
It has a smooth profile and is made of low-alloy steel (St3sp, St3ps, St3kp). The size of the manufactured profile can have a diameter of 6 to 40 mm. It is produced by cold rolling. Old marking A1, new A240.
The main advantage of A1 is its high corrosion resistance. It withstands extreme temperature fluctuations and high humidity. Also, rebar with a smooth profile welds better. The disadvantages include weaker adhesion to concrete.
Features of brand A1:
- low price;
- less strength;
- high corrosion resistance;
- good weldability;
- poor adhesion to concrete mortar.
Characteristics and features of fittings A3
Armature A3 has a periodic profile with longitudinal and transverse stiffeners. It is made by hot rolling from steel grades 35GS, 25G2S - with a diameter of 6-40 mm, and 32G2Rps - profile size from 6 to 22 mm. New marking A400, old A3.
The ribbed profile ensures good adhesion of the reinforcing cage to the concrete. This significantly increases the strength of the supporting structure. The disadvantage is lower corrosion resistance, which is why A3 brand reinforcement is not recommended for use in combination with certain types of concrete, in places with high humidity and aggressive chemical environment.
Features of brand A3:
- high price;
- high strength reinforcing mesh;
- good adhesion to concrete;
- low corrosion resistance.
Brand selection
Fittings A1 and A3 differ not only in characteristics, but also in price. The first costs about 30% cheaper than the second, so they try to use it whenever possible. The range of application of both brands is wide, and often they are used in combination with each other.
A1 is considered a universal solution, which is considered first. It is used for the manufacture of many reinforced concrete products: slabs, rings, beams, blocks. Also, products with a smooth profile are used when pouring screeds, finishing facades and for strengthening columns. It is recommended to use it for the foundation of the building in the role of constructive and assembly.
A3 is used in cases where increased strength is required from reinforced concrete. It is used in the construction of bridges, dams and other massive objects. Also, high-strength reinforcement is able to withstand the loads of monolithic buildings and foundations that are high pressure. Grade A3 is also recommended for the manufacture of reinforced concrete floors. In addition, it is used to reinforce the framework based on A1. Combined mesh provides high strength at an affordable price.
Joint use of reinforcement A1 and A3, when reinforcing a balcony beam.
In addition to fittings A1 and A3, the differences of which we have already considered, enterprises also produce other brands of products that may be optimal for your task. All of them, like A3, have a periodic profile and are not as resistant to corrosion (A1 is unique in this respect). Grade A2 is made from steel with fewer alloying additives, which makes it cheap, but less durable. It is actively used in the construction of private houses and low-rise commercial buildings. A4, A5 and A6 are able to withstand huge loads, but due to high price their use is justified only in highly loaded structures.
It is also important in what form you will purchase products. It is available in both rods and coils. Let's see what the difference is. The maximum length of the rods is 12 meters. They are easier to work with, as they are more convenient to cut and do not need to be straightened, but there is a drawback. After cutting the rods, trimmings inevitably remain and part of the material goes to landfill. There is no such problem with coils. In addition, they are indispensable when the design requires a reinforcing mesh longer than 12 meters.
Summing up, we can say that the differences between A1 reinforcement and A3 make it more versatile. It is suitable in most cases and will cost less, but when high strength is required, it is better not to save and use. If, after reading the article, you still have doubts about which brand of fittings to choose, then it is better to seek advice from a professional who will select the best solution for your project.
Many (this even applies to fitters and engineers) are not able to determine the differences between A3 (A400) and A500S fittings. Some say that it is generally one type. There were cases when, instead of the design A500C, the A400 was used during the construction of the foundation. Note that these bars have differences both in characteristics and in appearance.
Fittings of class A500C and A3: decoding, differences and characteristics
During construction, it often happens that you need to use welding. Reinforcing bars that are not demanding on welding conditions are a real gift for the builder. A huge plus of the A500C is that it does not have brittle destruction of the seams when using manual arc welding. That is why this product is perfect for that. Some people ask: is the A500C armature A1 or A3? We dispel this misconception and report that all these three bars are different, both in appearance and in technical characteristics.
So why does the A500C have such great welding performance? The thing is that this type of product is made of steel with a low carbon content, and for welding this is an important indicator. A3, in turn, was developed in the middle of the 20th century and cannot boast of such properties. It contains 0.2-0.37% carbon, which does not allow it to be used in a wide range welding work. Such reinforcement is considered limited weldable. If you use A3 instead of A500C, then this can serve as an early destruction of the building or its individual elements. Some countries generally prohibit the use of rebar with a carbon content above 0.2% when welding.
However, this is not all that distinguishes the fittings of the two classes. A500C has a yield strength of 500 N/mm2, while A3 has a yield strength of 400 N/mm2. According to calculations, it turns out that the use of A500C is much more profitable, besides, the savings are about 20%. It is not surprising that many domestic manufacturers who manufacture rolled metal products have switched to A500C, which is more in demand in our time due to high resistance.
To be honest, the first years of production were not without difficulties. For some time, the two classes of rolled metal products could not be distinguished by sight - they had the same profile. There was also no factory marking, so such fittings had to be subjected to laboratory tests.
How to distinguish A500C reinforcement from A3 visually
Armature A3. A400 has a periodic profile, which is 2 mm larger than A500C in diameter. It looks like this: transverse protrusions intersect 2 longitudinal ribs. This type forms additional adhesion zones with concrete, in turn making the structure more durable. Such fittings are used in all types of construction and repair work. It is made of steel 25GS.
Fittings A500S. Such bars are made of steel 35GS or 35G2S. These products have fewer alloying components, so their price is up to 15% lower than that of analogues. And if you buy in bulk, the benefits will be even more tangible. The surface of the reinforcement is a periodic profile, where longitudinal ribs may be absent or present. The sickle-shaped transverse protrusions do not come into contact with them. Recommended for framing. The letter "C" indicates that such fittings are suitable for welding. We believe that now the question “reinforcement A3 and A500C, what is the difference between them” will no longer arise for you.
| Parameter | Reinforcement class | |
| A500S | A3 | |
| Used steel grades | ZPS | 35GS,25G2S |
| The percentage of carbon in the composition | 0,22% | 0,20-0,36% |
| strain limit | 500 N/mm2 | 400 N/mm2 |
| tear resistance | 600MPa | 590 MPa |
| Tensile strength | 450 MPa | 365 MPa |
| Maximum negative temperature indicator | Up to -55 0 C | Up to -40 0 C |
| Profile type | Crescent | Annular |
The use of such fittings and where to buy them
A400, like A500C reinforcement, is used in the manufacture of reinforced concrete structures, construction of frames, repairs, finishing, etc. The first type of reinforcement is used where there may be places of increased stress, and the second in both loaded and unloaded structures. The main feature of the A500C is that it can freely replace the A3 without recalculation. Reverse replacement is possible only under the condition of re-calculation.
The implementation of A500C and A400 (A3) takes place in tons, and the design is carried out using running meters. It will be easy to translate these indicators, thanks to the weight tables. In most cases, sellers will be able to help with the calculations. We remind you that wholesale fittings in Moscow are available to everyone. You can purchase it in our online store.
The Audi A3 needs no introduction. Back in 1996, the model became the entrance ticket to the world of prestigious cars from Ingolstadt. A successful chassis from the Golf, combative engines, a solidly and tastefully tailored interior are far from all its trump cards.
True, until the third generation, there was no sedan in the A3 range. For the first time it was "tailored" in the spring of 2013, and it reached Russia at the end of the same year. The traditionally popular three-volume body quickly came to court, the model earned the title of business class in miniature and is sold today better than 3- and 5-door hatchbacks combined.
However, even minimum price for the basic 1.4-liter version at 1,036,000 rubles. for many buyers of golf-class cars is an insurmountable barrier.
The “automatic”, in the role of which the “robot” with two clutches acts, raises this bar by another 71,000 rubles. Moreover, such a power unit cannot be called ideal. The S-Tronic isn't smooth-shifting, and driving in traffic jams at low revs can be annoyingly twitchy at times.
Trumps A3
- best acceleration time
- more maximum speed
- controller on the central tunnel
Alas, with leather trim, climate control and bi-xenon headlights appropriate for a prestigious car, the price tag of 1.8 TFSi S-Tronic will soar to 1,431,000 rubles.
Audi options are traditionally expensive. At the same time, the candidate for the role of the only car in the A3 family is not the best - the sofa is cramped and the trunk is not very large.
Finding an Audi sedan without these shortcomings is not difficult - since the company has a wide selection of larger cars.
The first candidate is A4. Until recently, this car in similar equipment 1.8TFSi Multitronic cost 1,684,000 rubles. But this autumn, the “four” of the Comfort line trim line appeared at a “tasty” price of 1,508,000 rubles.
Yes, A4 is at the end of its career today, next year it will be “removed from the run”. But this is the case when age is not a hindrance to happiness. A million and a half for a prestigious, comfortable middle-class sedan with German ancestry is a bargain today and a good alternative to the inflated ambitions of the A3.
Pros of A4
- spacious sofa
- roomy trunk
- solid interior
The A3 quite successfully manages to seem like an adult car, but in fact it remains only a “golf” with a tail, a prestigious nameplate and an inflated price tag. We'll have to put up with the shortcomings of the 1.4TFSi-"robot" power unit, but it's better to wait for a discount on the 1.8TFSi version.
The "Four", although it is being produced for the seventh year, turns out to be a more harmonious machine in all respects. A comfortable sedan for every day or the only car in the family - the A4 will cope well with any role and, moreover, today it has become almost the most bargain in premium class.
Audi A3 or Audi A4?
You have already chosen the brand and model of the car you would like to purchase, decided on the power unit and equipment. You have even already come to the showroom to make the final decision. But even in this case, you should not rush: look around, perhaps among the models of the same brand you will find even more profitable option. So you've decided to buy an Audi A3.
Audi A3 or Audi A4?Launched last year, the Samsung A3 (2016) was a compact and easy-to-use phone with a 4.7-inch screen. The company has already released an updated model and many have become interested in the question, has it become better? Should I upgrade the 2016 Galaxy A3 to the 2017 Galaxy A3? These questions will be answered by a full review of both models.
The new Galaxy A series (2017) is a class lower than the Samsung Galaxy S7 and S7 Edge, but they cost almost 2 times less than the flagships. The 2017 Galaxy A3 is the smallest and cheapest of the series. Last time we compared the mid-range variant, the Galaxy A5 (2017), with its predecessor, so if you missed it, be sure to catch up on this link.
Prices
Let's start with the cost of smartphones. Samsung Galaxy A3 (2017) has already appeared on the shelves of Russian stores with a price tag of 22,990 rubles. Its last year's version in official Samsung retailers will now cost 17,990 rubles. Naturally, this is a discounted price, since you can already purchase a new model now.(banner_context_socialmart)
Specifications of Samsung Galaxy A3 2017 vs Galaxy A3 2016
| Galaxy A3 (2016) | Galaxy A3 (2017) | |
|---|---|---|
| Display | 4.7" Super AMOLED (720 x 1280 pixels), 312 PPI, Corning Gorilla Glass 4 | 4.7" Super AMOLED (720 x 1280 pixels), 312 PPI, Corning Gorilla Glass 4, Always On Display |
| CPU | Exynos 7578, 1.5 GHz, 4 cores, MaliT720MP2 | Exynos 7870, 1.6 GHz, 8 cores, Mali-T830MP3 |
| RAM | 1.5 GB | 2 GB |
| Main camera | 13MP CMOS, f/1.9, autofocus, 1080p video recording | 13MP CMOS, f/1.9, autofocus, 1080p video recording |
| Front-camera | 5-megapixel, f/1.9, 1080p video recording | 8-megapixel, f/1.9, 1080p video recording |
| Memory | 16 GB internal memory, microSD (up to 128GB) | 16 GB internal memory, microSD (up to 256GB) |
| ON | Android 5.1.1 Lollipop, will be updated to Android 7.0 | Android 6.0.1 Marshmallow, will be updated to 7.0 |
| Connection | Dual SIM, LTE, FM radio, dual band Wi-Fi a/b/g/n, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth v4.1, GPS, microUSB v2.0 with OTG support | Dual SIM, LTE, FM Radio, Dual Band Wi-Fi a/b/g/n/ac, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth v4.2, GPS, USB Type-C with OTG support |
| Battery | 2,300 mAh | 2,350 mAh |
| Other features | S-Voice | Samsung Pay (NFC and MST), KNOX, Fingerprint Reader, IP68 Certified |
Display
Both last year's model and the current model have the same 4.7-inch HD-resolution displays. Their pixel density is identical to each other - 312 ppi, but the screen-to-body ratio is different. In the Samsung A3 of 2017, this is 67.85%, while its predecessor has 69.30%. Definitely the fact is that the smartphone released this year has become a little larger: 135.4x66.2x7.9 mm versus 134.5x65.2x7.3 mm.In both cases, Super AMOLED technology is used, which has excellent energy efficiency and contrast.
Hardware platform
All indicators have changed only in better side. Instead of the 4-core Exynos 7578 processor in the previous version of the Galaxy A3, the new one received an 8-core Exynos 7870 running at a higher clock frequency. Volume random access memory increased from 1.5 gigabytes to two. Both smartphones have the same amount of internal memory, but its speed has improved. It is also now possible to use a larger memory card - 256 GB rather than 128 GB.
Samsung Galaxy A3 (2017) received a new body with improved ergonomics. At its core, the manufacturer uses glass and aluminum. Unlike its predecessor, this smartphone is IP68 certified, making it dust and water resistant.
Battery
Despite the fact that the battery capacity of the 2017 novelty has increased by only 50 mAh, its autonomy has become noticeably better. Inside there is a 2350 mAh battery, which lasts for 17 hours of talks in 3G networks. As for the Internet, surfing with data transfer enabled through third-generation networks can last up to 12 hours, and in 4G networks - 16 hours.Software platform
Samsung A3 (2016) recently updated to Android 6.0.1 Marshmallow and at the moment they both work on the same android versions. Anyway, Samsung has pre-installed the latest version of the user interface on the new model. This means that A3 2017 has a modern software, which stands out for its speed and functionality.
Like other smartphones in this series, the 2017 Galaxy A3 features the Samsung cloud, where you can sync photos, documents, and other data. It also boasts the flagship Always On Display feature. Even when your phone is idle, you can view the time, calendar events, notifications, and more.
Communications and security
The gadgets have support for two SIM cards, but during a call, the other card will be offline. The memory card slot is hybrid, so you have to choose between a second SIM card or an internal memory expansion. Of course, the existing radio module supports 4G (Cat.6). The Samsung Galaxy A3 (2017) has faster Bluetooth 4.2 and, unlike the 2016 model, dual-band Wi-Fi with AC support. Instead of the outdated microUSB, we get USB Type-C, which provides fast data transfer and charging speeds.
Thanks to the fingerprint sensor built into the home button, which is not in the 2016 version of the Galaxy A3, the owner gets support for Samsung Pay. That is, you can pay for purchases using your smartphone.
Results
The new Samsung Galaxy A3 (2017) surpasses its predecessor in many ways. It has a dust and water resistant housing that is IP68 certified. There's more RAM, a faster chipset, and memory card support up to 256GB. Because of this, it makes sense to think about exchanging the old model for a new one, right?Also, the Galaxy A3 2017 can attract your attention with a faster Cat.6 LTE module, modern Bluetooth 4.2, dual-band Wi-Fi and a fingerprint scanner, which made it possible to use the Samsung Pay mobile payment system.
South Korean electronics manufacturer Samsung has already launched several series of its Galaxy smartphones. It may seem to many users that Koreans mostly rivet smartphones similar to each other. We will consider all the differences between smartphones from each other of the same line, series and model, but of different years of production. What is the difference between Samsung Galaxy A3 2014 and Galaxy A3 2016?
Brief description of the 2014 A3 model
Back in 2013-2014, Korean smartphones of the Alpha line suffered a crushing defeat in the smart phone market. Due to their cost and low capabilities, they were poorly sold out, so Apple and the Chinese Noname oppressed Samsung. In order not to lose ground, a new series of smartphones was launched.
The very first smartphone of the A line - Galaxy A3 of 2014 - recaptured the positions lost in the market thanks to an excellent combination of price and quality. What happened in the output:
- Metal body and durable screen with Gorilla Glass protection.
- The device runs on Android 4.4 OS.
- In terms of communications, it has Wi-Fi, LTE, NFS and Bluetooth. Two SIM cards.
- Of the navigation systems, GPS, GLONASS and Beidou were built into the smartphone.
- Also, the device was equipped with powerful cameras – front 5MP, main 8MP.
- Screen size 4.5 inches with a resolution of 960x540.
- 4-core processor A53 at 1.2 GHz, very powerful for the devices of that time.
- RAM 1 GB.
- Free space on the drive is 16 GB, but in fact only 11 (another 4 is occupied by the OS). The memory can be expanded up to 128 GB using memory cards.
- And a non-removable 1900 mAh battery. In normal operation mode, it holds a charge for up to 2 days.
The old device was calculated for the average price category, new model more suitable for high price category.
Changes in the 2016 A3 model
Despite the fact that the A3 proved to be excellent on the market in 2014-2015, it had certain flaws. Instead of forgetting about the old A3, the Koreans decided to improve the smartphone and continue to release the A series, adding the year 2016 to the name and changing the serial number to SM-A310F.
The result was a device in which all bugs were fixed and the firmware and hardware were optimized for modern user requests. Now the smartphone has the following characteristics:
- Metal body with improved screen protection Gorilla Glass 4, 2.5D glass on both sides.
- The new OS version is Android 5.1.
- In terms of communications, navigation and the number of SIM cards, there are no major changes.
- The main camera has been improved - instead of 8MP, now 13. The front camera has undergone minor changes.
- The screen has become a little larger and better - 4.7 inches (instead of 4.5) and HD resolution (1280x720).
- The processor has improved, now instead of 1.2 GHz - 1.5 GHz.
- In terms of built-in memory, there are no changes.
- The RAM has been increased by 512 MB and is now 1.5 GB.
- The non-removable battery has improved, instead of 1900 mAh - 2300 mAh. The charge should last longer, but due to more demanding applications and powerful hardware, the benefits are almost non-existent.
Is A3 2016 worth the money
Here opinions differ. On the one hand, it is a more powerful and stylish smartphone. But on the other hand, this is a more expensive smartphone, the power of which has not increased as much compared to the previous model, and the stylish design is not the most important criterion for users. The difference in prices between models can vary greatly, on average, an improved A3 will cost you 4-8 thousand rubles more.
On the new smartphone, it is pleasant to play modern mobile games, while on the old model they will be a little “buggy”. The screen has been noticeably improved in this device, so playing and watching movies on it is only a joy. Despite the improved main camera, the quality of the pictures has not changed so much. If you do not have much money, then it is better to give preference to the old A3.
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