Anser cygnoides (Linnaeus, )
- Anser cygnoid
| Systematics on Wikispecies | Images at Wikimedia Commons |
|
|
The Red Book of Russia the view disappears |
|
| Species Information Sukhonos Online |
general characteristics[ | ]
Sukhonos is a large goose the size of a domestic goose, superficially resembling a bean goose. Weighs from 2.8 to 4.5 kg. The beak of the swan geese is noticeably longer than the beaks of all other geese. The top of the head and the back of the neck are dark brown, the back and sides are brown with brownish transverse stripes, which are larger on the wings and back and smaller on the sides. The cheeks and the front of the neck are light, almost white. The legs are reddish, the beak is black with a white border at the base.
Spreading[ | ]
Sukhonos lives in the southern parts of Eastern Siberia, in northern China and Mongolia. In Russia, its nesting sites are found in the Middle and Lower Amur regions, as well as in Transbaikalia and northern Sakhalin, in the Jewish Autonomous Region. It winters in eastern China, individual individuals are observed from time to time in Korea and Japan. The total population of dry noses is steadily declining, amounting to about 10,000 individuals today.
Lifestyle [ | ]
Sukhonos is found in mountains and steppes. In mountains it nests in lake valleys and river floodplains with pebbly shores, in valleys it inhabits fresh and brackish water bodies with shores overgrown with sedge, reed and cattail. Also settles in meadows near rivers and lakes. During the migration period, it occurs in the steppes far from water. Arrives at nesting sites in early spring, when ice has not yet melted from water bodies.
Nutrition [ | ]
Dry goose. Coin of the Bank of Russia - Series: "Red Book", silver, 1 ruble, 2006
The main food of dry-nosed sedge is sedge. It also feeds on larch needles and berries.
reproduction [ | ]
Clutch contains 5-8 eggs. Hatched broods of chicks unite with each other and walk on the banks of reservoirs with tall grass, mainly sedge, accompanied by several adult birds. in case of danger, the chicks of dry-noses, if they are on land, hide in the grass. If on the water, they can dive deep.
It could be confused with other "gray" geese, actually grey, white-fronted or bean goose. However, the dry-nosed beak is distinguished by a long beak (7.5-9.5 cm) of a monochromatic black color, in the male - with a swelling on the upper beak, as well as a dark brown stripe that stretches in birds (both male and female) from the beak along the upper side of the head and back of the neck.
The body length of the birds is about 90 cm, weight 4-5 kg (the female is slightly smaller than the male). The flight of swan geese is much heavier than that of other types of geese. These birds are noisy; their cries are loud, drawn-out, trumpet-like.
The coloration of the plumage of dry-noses is mainly brownish-gray, with lighter sides of the head, front of the neck and chest. The belly is white. In adult birds, the base of the beak is bordered by a narrow white stripe. Juveniles do not have this stripe, and the plumage color is duller. The legs of dry noses are orange or yellow.
They arrive at the nesting sites in April, fly away from here at the end of August - September. They live along the banks of fast mountain rivers overgrown with shrubs or floodplain forests, along the shores of fresh or brackish steppe lakes, along marshy river deltas and lake shores in the taiga zone.
In the Soviet Union, these geese used to inhabit the vast territory of southeastern Siberia, but at present they nest only in a few small centers, in particular, on the Torey lakes in the Chita region, in the area of Lake. Udyl in the Khabarovsk Territory. In addition to the USSR, swan bats also nest in Mongolia and China, and winter in China, Korea and Japan.
They usually build their nests among dense grass. In a hole lined with plant rags and fluff, the female lays 5-6 white eggs (sometimes up to 8). After hatching, young families often unite in small flocks.
Later, by the beginning of the molt, the broods stray into flocks. In case of danger, the parents “take away” from the chicks - they fly off not far, and then hobble along the ground, dragging one wing. Young in pursuit, if they are left without adults, skillfully hide in the grass. If the danger overtakes the brood on the pond, the parents swim away from the shore, and the puffies either dive or spread out on the surface of the water.
Single and immature birds begin to molt already in the first days of June. In breeding dry-nosed feathers, the change of plumage begins a month later. Moulting in them, like in other species of geese, lasts about a month. Sukhonos feed on herbaceous vegetation. In particular, sedges occupy a large place in their diet in summer.
Simultaneously with the reduction in the area of habitat of swan bats, their numbers also decrease. In recent years, no more than 300-400 pairs have nested in the USSR. Sukhonos, therefore, is the rarest species of geese in our country. The main reasons for the reduction in the nesting area and the number of these birds, in addition to increased persecution and disturbance by humans, were the construction of hydroelectric power plants and the regulation of river flow, the economic development of floodplain lands in the nesting areas of swan grouse, as well as the deterioration of their wintering conditions. As a species endangered, sukhonos is included in the Red Books of the USSR and the RSFSR. Hunting for him is prohibited everywhere.
Type characteristic
Sukhonos (Anser cygnoides) - large goose, natural range whose habitat falls on the territory of inner Mongolia, northern China and South-East Russia. These are migratory birds, they winter mainly in central and eastern China. Migratory birds they are also found in Japan and Korea (here they usually winter in very large numbers), less often in Kazakhstan, Laos, coastal Siberia, Taiwan, Thailand and Uzbekistan.
Sukhonos live both in the steppe and in the taiga, as well as in mountain valleys directly near fresh water bodies, grazing mainly in sedge meadows, less often on water. Outside of the breeding season, they gather in small flocks. AT winter period they move far enough from the water, for example, to the plains.
Nests are built in thick grass and reeds, often on islands, to protect them from predators. In Mongolia, swan bats nest in colonies. Females lay three to nine eggs. After hatching goslings, broods often gather together in flocks and swim downstream to places with wider lakes and valleys. Moulting also occurs at nesting sites, usually at the end of July, but this is directly dependent on weather conditions throughout the year.
Domesticated and wild populations of swan bats are also found outside their natural habitat. It is now possible to buy dry-nosed geese in Russia. In our zoo nursery you can get detailed advice on keeping and breeding these geese. 
In 1992, swan bats were moved from Near Threatened (NT) to Vulnerable (VU), and in 2000 they were given Endangered (EN) status. This was due to population decline due to reduced habitats, over-hunting and egg-gathering (especially in the Sanjiang Plain in China). But new studies have shown that this is not entirely true, and they are not as rare as they seemed, as a result, dry noses, in 2008, were again transferred to the category of animals in a vulnerable position. However, fewer than 500 pairs of individuals remained in Russia, and about 1000 were counted in 1977 within Lake Ugii-Nuur in Mongolia. Approximately 60,000 swan whales winter each year in the Dongting, Poyang and Yancheng lakes, as well as in coastal areas along the lower Yangtze River in China. But perhaps this is the entire remaining population of dry noses. Until the 1950s, this species of geese wintered, but in small numbers (no more than 100 birds per year), in Japan, but with the destruction of the habitat, it disappeared there. To date, there are between 60,000 and 100,000 adults in the wild.
general description
Sukhonos is a large bird with a very long neck. For example, the length of the neck of wild individuals is 81-94 cm (the longest among the geese of the Anser genus), and its weight is 2.8-3.5 kg (the second indicator after the Gray Goose). Males and females differ little in size, although the former are often larger. In fact, the largest of the females are the same size as the smallest males. The length of the wings also varies from 45-46 cm (in males) to 37.5-44 cm (in females). The length of the beak is 8.7-9.8 cm in males and 7.5-8.5 cm in females. The size of the paws in males is about 8.1 cm. The wingspan of adult equal to 160-185 cm. 
The upper part of the bird is grayish brown with thin light stripes along the large feathers, and a chestnut color on the back of the neck and head (to just below the eyes). flight feathers dark, almost black, like all the feathers under the wing, but the tail feathers have white tips, while all the tail plumage is white. There is also a white band around the base of the beak. With the exception of the dark color on the belly and flanks, the entire underparts of the swannose are pale yellow, and the underparts of the head and foreparts of the neck are almost white, which creates a visible contrast with the maroon stripe of the upper part. In flight, the wings appear completely black, without a characteristic pattern. The uniqueness of this species lies in the presence of a heavy, long and black beak, although its paws are the same bright orange color as those of all members of the duck family. The iris of the eyes has a chestnut color. The color of the young is much paler than that of adults, they also lack the white border around the base of the beak and the dark color of the lower part.
Most domestic geese are descended from gray goose(Anser anser ), however, two breeds are direct descendants of the sukhonos: Chinese domestic goose and African goose. These breeds have been domesticated since the middle of the 18th century, and possibly even from 1000 BC (in China). The Chinese domestic goose differs significantly from its wild ancestors in size, appearance temperament and ability to produce meat and eggs. The most noticeable sign is the presence of a bump at the base of the beak. It is best to buy geese in the fall, then there will be time to form a pair for further breeding of geese. Sale of geese and goose various kinds- one of the main directions of our game nursery. We will help you choose and deliver your geese to any region of Russia and even abroad.
Feeding and nutrition of the swan goose in captivity and in the natural environment
In nature, shannos feed after dark, and the diet varies depending on the season and habitat. During the breeding and nesting period, swan bats feed mainly on sedge, while in autumn they consume more berries.
Geese are herbivorous birds and must have access to good short grass (less than 37.5 cm long) for grazing. When grass is scarce, some green foods such as cabbage, lettuce, alfalfa can be added to the diet. Grain and compound feed should not be given during the breeding season, or their share in the diet should be greatly reduced. Breeding success can be undermined if these species are allowed to become too fat, and this can be a problem especially for those species that normally breed in the high Arctic.
Reproduction and breeding of the swan goose in captivity and in the natural environment
The breeding season begins shortly after returning from wintering, around April. They can nest either in separate pairs or in small groups near wetlands. Egg laying begins in May. The clutch itself, as a rule, consists of 5-6 eggs, but can reach up to 8, which hatch in small nests woven from grass. Nests are located on the ground, sometimes on some elevation, so that they always remain dry. The chicks hatch after 28 days and become sexually mature after 2-3 years. At the end of August, beginning of September, the birds fly away for wintering, where they gather in small groups for molting.
If a pair of geese is already formed, then, as a rule, it independently incubates the masonry and feeds the offspring. Regardless of whether the goslings are raised by parents or without them, they must be provided with an unlimited supply of grass or any other green food.
Geese of this species can interbreed with each other, but this is usually not a problem if they are already paired up before being mixed with other types of geese in enclosures. Hybrids with other species of the genus Anser also produce offspring; such hybrids have been recorded with species of goose (Branta) and with the mute swan (Cygnus olor). Hybrids with the Egyptian goose (Alopochen aegyptiacus) and with the Muscovy duck (Cairina m oschata).
Breeding dry-nosed geese is quite simple. It is necessary to provide open places for nests and perches, as well as an appropriate enclosure. Laying in captive swan geese usually occurs from April to May.
Enclosures for the dry goose: type and size of enclosures.
Northern geese are generally hardy and easy to keep. They are sociable and gather in flocks, however, they become aggressive during the breeding season. Therefore, individual individuals may need to be placed in separate enclosures. In general, it is possible to keep geese and small ducks together, provided that the pair of geese are friendly. For one pair of geese, the total area of \u200b\u200bthe enclosure is 15 square meters. m (or 12 sq. m for smaller species, for example for Branta ruficollis - red-breasted goose), at least 20% of this area should be occupied by a reservoir, although the percentage of the reservoir area should be larger in larger aviaries for geese. Geese should always be provided with bathing water.
Sukhonosy are especially susceptible to infections associated with stomach worms (worms), so preventive deworming is relevant for them.
Sukhonos (lat. Anser cygnoides) - waterfowl duck family
The habitat is in the territory of inner Mongolia, northern China and South-East Russia. These are migratory birds, they winter mainly in central and eastern China. Migratory birds are also found in Japan and Korea (here they usually winter in very large numbers), less often in Kazakhstan, Laos, coastal Siberia, Taiwan, Thailand and Uzbekistan.
Appearance
Sukhonos is a large goose the size of a domestic goose. Weighs from 2.8 to 4.5 kg. The beak of the dry-nosed geese is noticeably longer than all other geese. The top of the head and the back of the neck are dark brown, the back and sides are brown with brownish transverse stripes, which are larger on the wings and back and smaller on the sides. The cheeks and the front of the neck are light, almost white. The legs are reddish, the beak is black with a white border at the base.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Sukhonos is found in mountains and steppes. In mountains it nests in lake valleys and river floodplains with pebbly shores; in valleys it inhabits fresh and brackish water bodies with shores overgrown with sedge, reed and cattail. Also settles in meadows near rivers and lakes. During the migration period, it occurs in the steppes far from water. Arrives at nesting sites in early spring, when ice has not yet melted from water bodies.
The main food of dry-nosed sedge is sedge. It also feeds on larch needles and berries.
Sukhonos is very easily tamed and gets used in captivity. This goose was domesticated in China over 3,000 years ago and successfully bred in captivity. So the Chinese domestic goose was bred, which differs from its progenitor in larger sizes, as well as a massive bump at the base of the beak.
Layout of the house, plans of houses and cottages
Small Business - Home Production Ideas
History of JANOME. Sewing machines. Janome, Veritas, Pfaff Sewing machine janome manufacturer country
Working with the tattis system
Properties of copper and its application