Lucky are those parents whose baby loves to read books since childhood. In the modern world, such children are becoming less and less common, because the vast majority of children devote all their free time to TV, the Internet and computer games, which greatly upsets their fathers and mothers.
Adults know firsthand that a book is a valuable source of knowledge. For adults, it helps to spend their leisure time with benefit and interest, and for children, the book is completely indispensable. Just think, reading as a child:
- develops the intellect, thinking and imagination of the child, broadens his horizons;
- develops the baby's speech, introduces him to new words and teaches him to understand their meaning (expands vocabulary);
- teaches children such important social feelings as empathy and compassion, care, responsibility and willingness to help.
Knowing this, parents do their best to instill in their kids a love of literature. It’s just that it’s completely useless to force a child to read, psychologists assure. This approach can only finally discourage the crumbs from the desire to read books. In this article, we have collected several useful tips from teachers and experienced parents who will help you instill in your daughters and sons a love of books.
8 tricks to instill a love of reading in kids
1. Read for yourself
First of all, remember that the child learns from the example of his parents, and therefore, if you want to instill in your little one a love of reading, you need to read yourself. If parents are happy to read books, collect a library at home, the child grows up with the same interests, and is more likely to read on his own.
In addition, you can take note of the following trick: if you want to arouse your child's interest in books, read not only serious literature, but also children's books, novels and stories. And when communicating with the baby, periodically share with him the impression that you have begun to read a new interesting fairy tale and look forward to the opportunity to read it to the end. Captured by an interesting plot, the kid will reach for the book himself and read the fairy tale to the end. It may turn out that it is this approach that will open the wonderful world of literature to the child.
2. Read to your child from childhood
In order to develop the horizons of the baby from an early age and acquaint him with this fabulous world, parents should read books to the baby. First of all, when putting the baby to sleep, it is worth reading books to him, in a smooth, measured voice, so that the baby listens to intonations. This will make it easier for him to absorb the information.
When a child grows up, books can become his first toys. You can play with the book at home, you can take it for a walk or spend time with it in a long queue. How to do it? Yes, very easy! Pick up a book of fairy tales, in which there are almost only pictures. Scroll through them, showing the baby fairytale heroes. Name them, discuss their characters, actions, clothes. Kids, like a sponge, absorb information that is interesting to them, and soon the child will easily name the characters he loves, and he will reach for the book himself in order to immerse himself in this fairy-tale world with his father or mother. Over time, it will be possible to move on to rhymes, nursery rhymes and stories that the child wishes to read himself.
3. Do not force your child to read from an early age
Many adults are sure that the ability to read at a young age speaks of the intellectual abilities of the baby. But it's not like that! All kids are different and each of them has their own rhythm. Some already at the age of two put letters into words, or even read fairy tales, while others by the end kindergarten just learning to read syllable by syllable.
That is why in the matter of instilling in a child a love of literature, one should not show parental ambitions and boundless vanity. Forcing and forcing the child to read, yelling at him and exerting pressure, parents will only push him away from this activity. Remember, the goal of parents should not be to teach the baby to read as quickly as possible and proudly demonstrate it to others. The main goal is to teach the kid to enjoy reading, to show what a wonderful and magical world opens up behind ordinary paper pages.
4. Respect the interests of the child
An important point in instilling a love of books in a child is respect for his interests. First of all, you need to be interested in what he would like to read about, what stories arouse his interest. Some kids are interested in short dynamic stories, others are long ones so that they can stay longer with their favorite hero. Some are addicted to adventure, while others are interested in stories about wildlife. And even if a child is drawn to comics, do not rush to forbid him such literature. It is important that he develops an interest in books as such. A little later, you can captivate him with other works.
By the way, do not be surprised if the baby now and then asks to read the same fairy tale to him or reaches for a book that he has read more than once. Just in psychologically she personifies comfort for him and, perhaps, the baby identifies himself with the hero of this book. This is a completely normal phenomenon, which should not be feared. Perhaps you had a favorite book as a child that you put under your pillow at night? Re-read it and once again plunge into your serene childhood.
5. Read books together
Reading together is another great way to infect your child with literature. Sometimes even those kids who already know how to read ask their parents to read them a fairy tale or story. It's even handy. Make yourself comfortable and read to him a fascinating story about the adventures of another hero in an embrace with a crumb. At the end of the reading, discuss what you read, and then try to compose how the fate of the hero could develop after the end of the book. You can ask the child to change the plot, include other fictional characters in it and come up with their own ending to the story.
Make reading a book an exciting game. As soon as you begin to form a creative imagination in the baby, the fantasy that has played out will pull him to new invented plots, and therefore to new books. Having noticed the craving of a daughter or son for books, you should not stop there. It is important to discuss with the kid the plot and characters, what he likes in the book. Thanks to this, the child will soon learn to analyze and reason.
6. Introduce the kid to the authors of the works
When you notice that your child liked a particular piece or book, introduce him to the person who wrote the book. Read the author's biography to him, tell him a couple interesting stories that happened to the famous writer, and most importantly, tell us about other works of the world-famous storyteller. The kid will definitely want to get acquainted with his other creations.
By the way, it's no secret that films, animated films or theater plays have been shot based on many works of the classics. Visit the theater with your child or sit at the TV screen and introduce your son or daughter to one of the masterpieces of world culture. Having seen the adaptation of the work of a favorite writer, the child will definitely want to read the story he wrote on paper.
The ability to read does not always imply a love of literature and reading. Modern children get acquainted with books even earlier than their peers in the twentieth century, but for some reason they read them much less. And at school they often do it only under duress. And it is useless to tell them that reading develops imagination, speech, memory and many others. necessary qualities. How then to arouse interest in reading in a child?
Are books good?
Why does a small child need children's books, what benefit do they bring to a tiny listener? A well-chosen book is the first step towards the development of intellect and broadening one's horizons. The kid does not yet know very much, his knowledge base is still too small. Listening to magical stories and fairy tales performed by their mother, children learn something new, experience a variety of situations in which fairy-tale characters find themselves.
We also read about how fairy tales affect the development of the child. —
Also, the child develops speech rapidly, he easily remembers new words, understands their meaning. He also learns such important feelings as compassion, pitying the unfortunate abandoned bunny, and courage, becoming bolder with Gray Sheika.
If reading becomes an important nightly ritual in your family, then this will bring a certain stability to the children's life. The affectionate voice of a beloved mother, a sense of comfort form the baby's basic trust in the vast world. That is why, as an adult, the book becomes good friend reading person.
Coercion and haste are the main parenting mistakes
Sometimes parents, trying to arouse a love of reading at any cost, make many mistakes.
- The older generation often tries to instill a love of books by forcing children to read. However, in such situations, violence has the opposite effect. Excessive obsession and perseverance, in the end, can generally turn children away from literature.
- Early development and teaching to read is becoming very fashionable today. Some especially advanced mothers start teaching kids to read when they can't even walk and just want to play. True, one more extreme should be avoided - to show books only in front of the school.
- Another common mistake is buying children books that are inappropriate for their age. A three-year-old child will not enjoy Alice in Wonderland, and a 12-year-old teenager is not yet able to understand the meaning of the classics.
How to introduce a child to reading?
If you are frustrated that your child's eyes do not light up when he looks at the next volume, you will have to arouse interest in reading using proven methods.
- Show a good example
Show off your own positive example reading a lot and regularly. Toddlers are very fond of adopting and copying parental habits. And if you tell your child “Immediately read a book!”, And you yourself prefer to sit at the computer or watch endless TV shows, then you simply shake the air. He, looking at you, will go for a walk or also bury himself in the monitor.
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- Introduce books from an early age
Already a baby can be presented with books, however, not yet quite real ones: made of fabric or with laminated pages. The kid can break, crush, gnaw these books, because while he does not perceive them as a source of knowledge. Forget for a while about careful attitude - all this will come later. Play with your child by showing pictures and telling who they are.
- Choose a book according to age and interests
For a one-year-old child, the best literature would be a large book with bright, believable illustrations and a minimum of text. Large print books are great for preschoolers. Don't worry if a student chooses comics over world classics. It is better that he reads what he is interested in, and does not throw your gift into a pile of publications that are not of interest to him.
- Read by role
Choose such a fable, fairy tale or short poem with dialogues that can be read by roles. Speak your words emotionally, showing a genuine reaction: humor, fear, interest, etc. Better yet, make it out of paper or old gloves fairy tale characters, build a screen from an old sheet. Your home theater is ready, it remains only to invite the child's friends or relatives to the performance.
- repeat stories
Children of all ages love to reread their favorite books. If a three-year-old toddler again drags you a pretty shabby book that he already knows by heart, do not get annoyed. Surely, on your offer to read something else today, you will receive not just a refusal, but tears. Satisfy his request, only make "random" mistakes. The child will definitely correct you, demonstrating a wonderful memory.
- Take a break at the most interesting place
Spread the pleasure of the book over several evenings. An impatient child will definitely want to hear what happens to his favorite character next. But do not rush to satisfy his curiosity. Let him unobtrusively understand that if he wants to quickly learn the twists and turns of the plot, let him learn to read.
- Keep children interested in reading
For example, after reading folk tale about Masha and the bear, go to the zoo - let the child look at the clubfoot. Do you have Cinderella in your home library? Buy tickets for a puppet or drama theater performance of the same name. And, conversely, after the cartoon about Thumbelina, invite the children to read Andersen's fairy tale. Also transfer the fairy-tale characters that the child met on paper pages into games: draw, sculpt from plasticine, play performances, write short letters to them.
- Embrace audiobooks and interactive stories
Does your child take their eyes off traditional paper books? You will come to the aid of "high technology". The best samples of domestic and foreign literature are now available in audiobook format. Recently, the so-called interactive fairy tales have become popular, where your baby can become the main character of the work. Such colorful stories will surely arouse sincere interest in paper texts. We wrote about interactive fairy tales
- Don't go to extremes
Do not get hung up on books, considering them the best tool for child development. In the life of a small child, not only literary works should be present, but also ordinary children's activities: fussing with friends, noisy games on the street, trips to nature and the country, trips to the zoo, circus, theater.
Yes, today all kinds of gadgets are increasingly overshadowing “static” literature, but they will not be able to completely oust it from the list of our addictions. Reading is a special ritual with its own unique atmosphere, which gives rise to a game of imagination and a flight of fancy. Read books every day, treat them reverently, and in this case, your child himself, without prodding, will pick up the treasured volume with a fairy tale or poetry.
Moms take note!
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Parents often ask Why doesn't my child want to read? . And looking for all kinds of ways force read your child at least something. But this is the most big mistake .
Because it is impossible to sincerely love what is forced to do by force. Why your child does not read and what to do about it - we will find the answer together with the magazine "Korolevnam.ru".
To begin with, the question is - why do you need to teach a child to read?
I think there is no need to explain that it is necessary to be able and love to read not only for "domestic" purposes. Reading in itself is a great hobby.
With the help of reading, a person develops imagination, replenishes his vocabulary, automatically remembers the correct spelling of words. That is, it increases the level of their literacy. Not to mention that a reading person is a thinking person.
Theory:
The child takes an example from the parents - as old as the world. Remember what you yourself do at home? Come home and stare at a computer monitor or TV? Or do you communicate with your family, talk to them, do a common hobby?
Children repeat after their parents. If you yourself lead a life on the Internet, and the child has never seen you with a book in his life, you should not expect that he will read with pleasure.
Practice:
Friends call the house of our family "The Reading Room" hut. Our whole family reads. Often. A lot of. Sometimes sitting together in the living room, sometimes in their rooms or in the kitchen, and sometimes even in the bathroom. Why? My mom loves to read. My dad loves to read. Looking at them, my sister and I also learned to read.
We have our own home library, they give us books, they lend them to us, we ourselves buy the books we like. I can't list everything we've read, even for just one person, let alone all of them combined.
Classics, fantasy, encyclopedias, highly specialized literature and much more... Everyone has different preferences, but we all read.
This is all due to the fact that initially the book was not a punishment, but rather an adventure. When I was very young, books were read aloud, pictures were shown. When I learned to sit in my hands, they gave me a book myself - I turned the pages and “read”, repeating after my parents.
The books were written both by our contemporaries and by writers long gone. Domestic and foreign. Any book caused a storm of emotions, more and more pictures appeared in my head, the characters became friends.
I enjoyed reading and reading a lot. It was not a problem for me to read the work assigned at school. And, nevertheless, despite the fact that I read with great joy, I was a very mobile and cheerful child - I talked, walked, rode a bicycle.
That is, she did not withdraw into herself and found something to do besides reading. Many years have passed, I got married, but the love of reading has not evaporated, now we all read together.
How to instill in your child a love of reading?
By instilling a love of reading from an early age, you will help your child learn speech faster, develop memory and make it much easier for him. school years. How to teach to read? Read for yourself. His books for himself, children's - aloud to the child.
The child should see that spending time with a book is natural, interesting and exciting. If your baby is still quite a baby, this does not mean that he does not see your actions and does not remember them. Take the child in your arms, open a bright colorful book that is according to his age (for example, poems, nursery rhymes, small fairy tales), and read together.
It doesn’t matter if you are not yet able to master something larger in volume, then it’s not time yet. The main thing is to engage with the child, read, look at pictures, play ( you can read more about developing toy books in the previous article :).
Think first of all about the child!
It is clear that it is more convenient and easier to put the baby in front of the TV or give a tablet. But it is detrimental to the development of the child. Children who engage with books (listen, learn letters or play) learn to speak faster, they are more inventive and active, they remember more easily new information and easily find a job.
Compared to those children who watch TV non-stop and fumble with gadgets. Toddlers who no longer have any interests other than playing games on their tablet and watching cartoons are not to blame.
It's all about parental laziness. I want to relax, watch the next series, chat on the phone, hang around in social networks - hold the child with sophisticated equipment, play, do not interfere with mom.
You understand that in this way you deprive the child of normal communication with his parents, hinder his development and, in general, treat him selfishly. I do not argue that a child should learn how to use a mobile phone and a computer, but do not replace them all the time with a baby.
I watched a picture on the playground (the one in the summer after school) - children in grades 1-2 cannot spend even a second without a phone. They do not know what to do, they cannot be interested in any outdoor game, they do not want to draw, sculpt, play board games.
All they need is a phone. Whether it's indoors or out, kids walk around like they're retarded and stare at their phones and tablets. Between themselves, their communication is only about new applications and games. I don't know about anyone, but this picture scares me.
If your child is already in school, he is susceptible to the influence of his classmates, and even if he is not so attached to the phone, he will try to fit in with the rest of the class.
It is important for you to get your child interested in books. Again, start with yourself - read for yourself, the child sees this, and you are a role model for him. In addition, one of the main tasks is to strengthen self-confidence.
If a child is confident in his abilities, and that he is loved, that he is doing the right thing, he will read, despite the fact that his other classmates will be stuck in computers.
What to do if the child really does not like to read, and even your example does not help?
In most cases, the example of parents and siblings suffices, but if everything is so sad, you need to interest your child. How? Find out what he likes, what he does most often on his computer and phone, what games he plays.
From all this, you can find topics that interest him, and offer him books on these topics. Of course, even if the topics are serious, it is worth reminding that books should be appropriate for the age of the child.
In addition, children will become interested in reading faster if all their habituation to books takes place not in the form of commitment or learning, but quietly - as a game or helping parents.
child with certain interest it is easier to accustom to reading, relying on this very interest. For example, a son is interested in football (virtual or real - it doesn’t matter), which will help him get used to books:
- geographic map (note where his favorite teams play - read the names of countries, cities, etc.);
- subscription to football magazines/reviews and other periodicals on football topic;
- selection of literature on the history of the game, about famous football players, etc.
Reading for help parents pursues 2 goals at once - accustoming to reading and working on diction. Ask your child to help you - read the recipe aloud, helping mom in the kitchen, instructions from a tool or technique for dad in the workshop. Another option is to ask your grandparents to read a newspaper or a book, because they do not see well or may be tired.
Reading inscriptions - also the starting point for the development of interest in books. During a walk or a trip, you can ask the child to read the names of streets, shops and signs - explaining your request by the fact that he acts as a navigator. So, among other things, the child will learn to associate names and specific places.
Write letters and read them. Ask family and friends to write paper letters. Think about how it feels to have an envelope with your name on it. The child will be interested in reading messages from friends and responding to them.
It is clear that it is impossible to accustom a child to reading in a few days. This is a rather long and laborious process. It all depends on you, your patience and care.
Back in 1964, when there were no our “favorite” phones and computers, Roald Dahl wrote the book “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”. It contained this poem, which now can be attributed not only to TVs, but also to phones, tablets, laptops and more. It's very motivating, isn't it?
After all, this is blasphemy, because this is a deceit,
When instead of a book - a TV screen!
And morning and evening, weeks in a row
Your children are sitting and looking into the box.
They chew, sticking their nose into the TV,
And telehypnosis puts them to sleep.
They don't play, they don't play pranks
They don't look like the old guys.
Listen, dads, listen, moms,
Trust the advice, don't be stubborn!
Throw away the TV, there's no use in it,
Hang a bookshelf on the wall
And after a few days
You don't recognize your children
A joyful look and a laughing mouth,
They will be called by Walter Scott.
Thoughtful Dickens, cheerful Rodari,
Wise Cervantes will give them happiness.
Bambi leads to a fairy forest,
Alice will tell a lot of miracles,
And be sure to dream at night
The Elusive Blue Bird.
They will want to sail the oceans
Fly to the moon and to distant lands,
Save the oppressed people from enemies,
Be noble like Don Quixote.
Listen, dads, listen, moms,
Trust the advice, don't be stubborn!
Throw away the TV, whatever it is!
Your kids will thank you for this!
(translation from English)
As you know, we are ruled by habits. Our habits literally create our destiny. For example, such a seemingly insignificant thing as a habitual way of expressing one's irritation and anger can become main reason success or failure in your personal life.
Compare, for example, the chances of success in a relationship with your partner for a person who is used to expressing his anger using insults, and for a person who is used to expressing his dissatisfaction in the form of “I-messages” (instead of “you are a mean creature”, “I I would like to receive gifts from you more often ”- feel the difference).
The love of reading is the same habit. Self-reinforcing habit. One has only to get a taste, and the pleasure of the result will support the process itself.
Needless to say that the habit of reading a lot, especially good literature, is an entrance ticket to a life rich in impressions and opportunities. The “side effects” of this habit are literacy (it is becoming more and more difficult for employers to find people who can write at least a couple of paragraphs without errors - hence those who can do this have a huge salary advantage), the ability to clearly and vividly express their thoughts, erudition and even the discovery of new motives and interests.
So how can you help your child “get a taste for reading”? If the child is intellectually fine and does not have dyslexia (the inability to distinguish certain letters), then it is quite simple, except for one thing - you need to decide to change some own habits. This is more complicated than it might seem at first glance, but the “dog is buried” here.
Here's what you can do:
1. Remember that the best treatment is prevention.
If the child is still small, and for you this topic seems to be something distant and insignificant, it's time to act. Be guided by the principle of “books and reading everywhere”: give your child the opportunity to freely play with books, gnaw them, draw in them (at this age, this is how love in books manifests itself and develops, forget about careful attitude - all this later), build houses from them and garages for cars and even swim with them (buy special waterproof books).
The same is with different types of letters: on cubes, plastic letters cut out of cardboard, drawn on paper, on magnets and stickers, etc. Make words out of letters, use Doman system cards, read signs and posters on the street, etc. . Wait - the result will come unexpectedly.
2. Set a personal example
Read for yourself. In hearing and about myself. If a child sees a parent every day for three hours sitting with a bottle of beer in front of the TV, then it is not difficult to imagine how he will relate to notations about the benefits of reading.
Conversely, if a child often sees parents with books in their hands, enthusiastically discussing what they have read, then no additional incentives may be required at all. The effect of "salted cucumber" is triggered - a fresh cucumber, lowered into a barrel with salted ones, acquires the same taste. In our case, the taste for reading.
I heard this saying somewhere: “Do you think that personal example is effective method human motivation? Wrong - it's the only way! An exaggeration of course, but not far from the truth.
3. Choose together.
Many children (especially teenagers) do not like to read because their parents themselves choose what to read and this choice is not interesting for them. If only because it is not their personal choice.
Children love to shop. Make it a tradition to go to the bookstore together at least once a month and give your child the opportunity to choose for himself with the condition that for every book that the child buys, he undertakes to read one book from the list you proposed.
Then even if the choice of the child is not the best, you can be sure that half of what the child reads is really good literature.
4. Protect your child from the Big Screen.
One of my acquaintances, to the question “if they give you a machine gun, whom would you shoot,” answered: “On the TV.”
Cut the antenna - a rope with a stone that hinders the development of your child. Nothing fosters passive thinking like watching TV. You may disagree and say that there are really useful TV programs. And you will be right. But in practice, the proportion of such programs out of those actually viewed by a child is extremely small.
I use my TV exclusively as a monitor for my DVD player and have 100% control over what my kids watch and how much time they spend in front of the screen.
The same applies to computer games and social networks(Odnoklassniki, Vkontakte, etc.). Set a time limit for these "drug" activities (30 minutes, for example) and conditions for accessing them (for example, do your homework and do your part of the housework).
Choose your own computer games. There are a lot of educational games, why subject the child's psyche to processing with scenes of violence and urges to aggressive actions?
In short, filter what the child sees from the screen (monitor or TV).
5. Reward Reading
A person tends to continue doing what, in the end, leads him to pleasure.
Agree with your child about two or three privileges that he will receive additionally if he reads the amount of text agreed with him every day.
For example, extra time at the computer, we go to bed half an hour later, we go to the cinema together on weekends, etc. Let the child retell what he has read. Then you will be sure that he actually read the given volume, and give him the opportunity to train his memory and practice presentation.
The ability to clearly express one's thoughts can and should be improved.
That she is the key to career development(and in his personal life), in my opinion, does not require comments.
6. Read to your child before bed
It is known that the brain, especially the child's imagination, develops not only during the day, but also at night.
Read to him good fairy tale or a story for the night to start the processes of subconscious creativity in a dream.
Even if the child is an adult, both of you will enjoy it. Immersing yourself in a story together is a great way to reconnect with your child.
If you do this regularly, then the book will go in into the child's usual bedtime ritual and will become an indispensable friend for him.
7. Read by role
Choose a fairy tale, a fable or a short story with dialogue, cut out characters from paper, color them and glue them on a cardboard backing with a stick. Then move the table to the wall, cover it with a long blanket, climb under the table with the child, and, holding the figures by the sticks, stick them between the table and the wall. Your puppet theater is ready. You can also attach decorations to the wall above the table. Rehearse and invite relatives to the performance.
8. Use audiobooks
Now many wonderful works of Russian and foreign literature are available in audiobook format. Some of them are real masterpieces of theatrical art.
Listen, for example, to "Eugene Onegin" performed by Smoktunovsky. It can't be compared to printed text, it's just different. For children, you can find a wonderful collection "The Golden Fund of Radio Plays on DVD", which presents most of the best works ever "translated" into audio book format.
9. "Infiltrate" Reading Groups
Use the effect of "Pickled Cucumber" - the transformation of a fresh cucumber, placed in a barrel in pickles, into salty, and the same taste. If a child rotates in an environment of peers who love to read, then over time he will have friends among them, and then similar interests.
You can enroll your child in a children's study group foreign language, in the theater studio, in music school, school visual arts, a historical circle at the local history museum, take him on an excursion to the radio or just to the nearby children's library. In these communities, the percentage of children who love to read is much higher than average.
Of course, compared to watching TV, reading is a blessing. Active thinking versus passivity. But still, only people who are engaged in productive activities, creativity in its various forms are truly happy. In this sense, reading in itself is useless, or rather fruitless. Teach your child to use what they read, for example, by keeping a journal on LiveJournal and commenting on what they want to comment on. Regular journaling will help him develop his style and organize his thoughts. You can also help your child publish a book - it's not as difficult as it seems, and a surge of motivation is guaranteed.
2 exercises:
Reduce TV viewing time (both yourself and your child). Reduce the number of televisions in the apartment to a maximum of one, so that there is no one in the child's room. Even better, use your TV solely as a monitor for watching quality DVD programs.
Diversify your communication with your child with the help of books and everything connected with them: read with him and with him, at night and by roles, go to the theater with your children, choose books and audio books together, discuss what you read and ask about the child's opinion.
DoctorPapa. © 2009 Kuznetsov A.V.
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Ecology of consumption. Children: Psychologist V.S. tells about how to teach a child and a teenager to love books. Yurkevich and librarian Lyudmila Lukzen...
Psychologist V.S. tells about how to teach a child and a teenager to love books. Yurkevich and librarian Lyudmila Lukzen.
There are two stages in reading:
1) technical reading stage, the so-called "naked" skill,
2) meaningful reading stage when the content of the text is immediately grasped.
The first stage does not bring pleasure, and moreover, if you get stuck on it, that is, stay longer than the allotted time, then the love of reading becomes problematic.
There are no ready-made recipes to teach a child or an adult to love reading. So to start I will list only what in no case should not be done, when your child has already learned to read, but his reading is still only technical - that is, he still does not want to read and for real (for himself, for pleasure) even cannot.
From the very beginning, reading should be connected only with a feeling of pleasure. No even thoughts of reprisals. In no case should you force or persuade - oh, read at least one more line. Come up with any maneuvers, any games, but the child himself should want to read, although he does not immediately understand what he read about.
Rejoice in every word a child reads, realizing that these are really his small victories.
Do not draw his attention to reading errors, try to correct them in the most imperceptible way, and if you can do without it, then do not correct at all.
Take only suitable books for the first reading- bright, with large letters, where there are a lot of pictures and, most importantly, a vivid plot that is interesting to follow.
And now about the maneuvers - there are a great many of them, but what will help your child, choose for yourself. Better, of course, come up with your own.
Kassil method
This method is suitable for a child who already reads quite fluently, but does not like to read, and in fact is still at the stage of advanced technical reading.
Selected interesting text with a vivid plot and the parent reads to him, suddenly stopping at the most interesting place, and then the father (mother, everyone at home) absolutely no longer has time to read to the child. The child, without much enthusiasm, takes up the book, hoping that someone will take pity on him and read to him whether the main character was killed or not. The family immediately praise the child for his desire to read, and still read with him - a line you, two lines I. And so on.
The skill from a technical one, as it is strengthened, turns into a meaningful one.
Spark Downis method (child psychologist)
One day, the child wakes up and finds a letter from Carlson under the pillow, where he tells him in just two large lines that he loves him and wants to be friends with him, and the gift for him is there and there. The gift is in the right place.
The child suspects the game, but is still very happy.
The next morning, another letter, where there is not a word about the gift, but it says that he wanted to leave him tickets to the circus, but he saw how he pulled the cat by the tail, and she squealed. And because tickets to the circus are postponed.
Every day the letters are longer and read faster.
The skill becomes meaningful, and the child associates a feeling of pleasure and joy with reading.
Method of the ancient people (also called the People of the Book)
A child is allowed to read only when he is well behaved and as a reward not only are they given the opportunity to read a few lines (or even half a page), but they even bake special cookies in the form of a booklet, which the child receives to commemorate a joyful moment.
Reading is joy and celebration. And this is what a child should know every time he picks up a book. If the child misbehaves, the book should not be read. True, this method was born when children began to read the Book (the Holy Book).
The method of an illiterate Tatar woman
It's a long story about how in a class for especially gifted children there was a very gifted child whose mother did not speak Russian well (and I just don't know about reading). I only know that at the central telegraph office they only trusted her to tie parcels with twine, everything else was considered work that required higher qualifications than she had.
At the age of four, the boy mastered the letters, but, of course, he read poorly and only for the public.
This illiterate mother apparently had a fantastic intuition. Judge for yourself.
They lived in a communal apartment, and a neighbor ran to them - Baba Katya. And the boy - Dian, decided to boast to her that he already knew how to read. I began to read and, of course, badly and with errors. Baba Katya decided to educate the neighbor's boy - why are you saying that you already know how to read? Learn properly, then brag.
What happened to the mother! Why do you offend my child - an illiterate mother rushed to protect her son. He just started reading. And you spoil his appetite for reading (I said so!). And a few years later her black eyes glowed with indignation when she told the story. - I kicked her out - she said - and told this woman Katya - you don’t know how to deal with a child - don’t come here. She didn't visit me for two years.
Further more. Mother earns very little and, of course, "sit" almost on one potato. So, every day she asked her son to help her - when she peels potatoes, something to read to her. Then - she explained to her son - the hands hurt less. The son readily agreed. And so the mother goes to peel the potatoes, and the son sits on a small stool and reads. She still doesn’t read well and sees her mother’s tears, - why are you, mother, crying?
I’m an illiterate son, but you will be a scientist and read a lot of books.
Yes mom. I will be a scientist.
And so three times a day. And every time he asked his mother when we would go to peel potatoes, when I would read, so that your hands would not hurt. At the age of five, they went to the regional children's library. And now the son has become a very good mathematician and works at Princeton.
Librarian's advice (Lyudmila Lukzen)
The opinion of psychologists: to instill a love of books and reading is possible only up to 9 years. Later it is very difficult to do this, and sometimes almost impossible. So the main task of educating readers falls on the shoulders of parents, who, ideally, should rely on the help of children's libraries in this work. After all, all parents dream of seeing their children healthy and happy. And all of them, without exception, want to teach their child how to succeed. And for this, first of all, he must learn to write and read.
And this process begins in the family, and not at school, as is commonly believed. Classes at school are only learning to read and write. We are talking about love for a book, about the pleasure of the process of reading, about the habit of being constantly with a book and the inability to exist without it. And this is not the prerogative of the school, but an absolutely “family” affair. It is the parents who tell their children bedtime stories and answer the many “why?” questions. Only parents spend a rainy morning in the library with their child, looking at and choosing books with him.
“I want ice cream (chocolate, toy, etc.),” your child says specifically to YOU when you go shopping with him. That is, it is to their parents, as the closest and most authoritative (so far) people for them, that kids turn for advice, help, and a request. That's why early age- the most fertile time to develop in your child a love of books and reading.
How to do it? Here are some useful and interesting ideas.
To begin with - answers to questions that parents often have.
As soon as the baby is born;
Set aside a few minutes, but every day;
Choose a time when the child is in a good mood;
Teach your child to “wait” for reading time;
Comfort the child by showing a beautiful book when he cries or is naughty.
Choose a comfortable and cozy place;
Find books that you can give the child to hold in their hands;
Look at books and pictures;
Give the child the opportunity to “choose” a book;
Reread your favorite books.
And now in more detail on some of the most important tips from librarians and psychologists on how to instill in your child a love of reading.
1. Rtalk, sing and play with your child
Toddlers enjoy listening to your speech: when bathing and dressing, eating or falling asleep, in the evening and at dawn.
Therefore, growing up, a child with whom they constantly talked begins to quickly understand and reproduce all the words heard when (as it seemed to you) he still did not understand anything. He already fell in love with songs and poems. He can no longer do without your stories and joint games.
Talk to him about all the simple things for you, but very important for the child, things that you do every day together. Comment on your actions: “wash my hands”, “sit down on a chair”, describe what you see - this is how you prepare an attentive listener.
2. Set aside time to read every day.
You need to start reading from the first months of life. When you read to a child, you kind of expand his world, help him enjoy reading, replenish his knowledge and vocabulary. The child learns to listen to a book, turn pages, move his finger from left to right, remembers the words he sees and hears.
Toddlers love regular (not occasional) reading with their parents! Choose a small amount of time when you can relax and take your time - before bed, or when you have a break from household chores.
Do not forget that grandparents, older brother or sister, any member of the family can read to a child. Come to the library where older readers can read to him. Refer to books and reading all the time.
Buy some books to take home so your little one can play with them.
3. Choose books with your child
Reading with your child together all the time, you will definitely notice which books he likes more, which he understands better. Enlist the help of the library and librarian in choosing books similar to these. After all, the library has books for all ages and levels of development. In addition, it is easier for professionals to find such books than for you.
Do not assume that you have all the books your child needs at home - this is the mistake of many reading parents. And not only because home libraries cannot be more diverse than public ones. Your child may simply be inspired by the example of other children who read. How many of them, and how many books! This is very important for the formation of a small reader who is brought up on imitation. Other readers kind of pass the baton to your child. This will help him get used to the variety of books, to the reading behavior of children and adults, and will certainly affect his future life, study, and prepare him for school.
The world of books and the library will not be an unknown country for him. “So many interesting books, and you can read all of them yourself.” This creates an incentive to read.
4. Surround Your Child With Reading Materials
Not only books from the library should be in the child. You must also have your own. Which? First of all, those in which he can not only read, but also color the picture, cut or make something on his own, make a record. There are many such books, and they are for purely individual use.
You can also make homemade books. Help your little one glue, sign or sew their own book with drawings, photos and more interesting things. You can help your child write down the text that he wants to put in his book.
Approve, encourage and encourage this work of the baby, as well as the reading of his “own” books to all family members.
5. M slowly and happily
It doesn't matter what you read, but how you read! When you read quickly and monotonously, the child quickly loses interest. Read emotionally, enjoying reading yourself. Be actors (remember the unfulfilled dreams of becoming a “Screen Star”!). Try to read different voices for different characters, conveying their character. Your baby will love it! Read, interrupting the reading with conversational pauses, looking at the pictures in the book. This will give the baby time to think about what he hears, to “digest” what he read, to understand the events and characters of the characters.
Be sure to ask questions yourself and answer those that arise in the baby, listen to how he tells and conveys his impressions of what he read.
Keep an eye on your child while reading. Sometimes he obviously does not want to stop reading, especially if the story is unfamiliar, and he hears it for the first time. Sometimes he will want to look at the pictures first, ask you what the book is about. Be lenient and don't stop him. Reading should be fun!
Remember, reading books is a grandiose rehearsal and a predestination of the future attitude towards learning.
6. Read over and over
As you know, children often like to listen to the same stories. They force you to read books that have already stuck on your teeth again and again. And your offer to read or tell something new is often refused.
What to do in this case? Look at the title of this tip! Yes Yes! Read exactly what he asks. This is not a whim. The child wants to understand the book deeper, the process of learning it is slower, he enjoys reading. Don't deprive him of all this. After all, preparations are underway for future thoughtful and attentive reading, the education of a full-fledged perception of the book.
Is it hard for you to re-read Masha and the Bear for the twentieth time? Involve all family members in the process. Give the child himself the opportunity to be proud of himself and pretend that he “reads” this book himself.
I remember how my eldest daughter (who studied later in the physics and mathematics class) annoyed everyone with the book “The Adventures of Kubarik and Tomatic, or Merry Mathematics”, and the youngest - “Cinderella”. Moreover, the reaction to the missing (in order to save time) passage was instantaneous.
So, if a book pleases a child and he refers to it constantly, read it to him as many times as the child wants.
7. Read Anywhere, Anytime
You can read anywhere and anytime: on a walk, on the beach, on a trip, waiting for a doctor's appointment. Be sure to have a book in your bag with baby supplies, toys, bottles and nipples.
As your child learns to recognize letters and read syllables, encourage sign reading.
8. Don't force your child to read
Never sit down to read (with parents or on your own) if the baby does not want it. This is one of the most effective ways kill his interest in reading and books. If he doesn't want to, leave him alone or get him interested in reading. Reading under pressure is the path to non-reading in general. And if your already grown child, a schoolboy, reads only comics or primitive publications, refrain from criticism. Remember: he reads! Look for positive and effective ways to move more interesting and more meaningful books to his soul. Choose the most popular topics and books among children (librarians will always come to your aid) and get ready for a long journey of finding your favorite books, interesting topics and authors.
9. Show your child that you are interested in reading.
There is nothing more important for the education of a reader than the education in a child of a love of reading. Be Great Guides to the world of books, not Great Drivers and Evaluators of what and how your child reads.
When your child learns to read on his own, ask him to read to you. Not a lesson given at school, but just a good story while you are doing something with your hands, in the kitchen, for example. If a child makes mistakes when reading, then when the mistake does not matter for the perception of the text, do not correct it. published
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