Fabric painting technique. The art of painting on fabric. Overview of techniques. Useful tips. Drawing on fabric by hand

02.09.2020

In art, textile coloring is a whole industry creative pursuit to create paintings, wardrobe design elements and combines several methods of applying paint. In this article, we will consider painting on batik fabric for beginners.

Batik originated in Indonesia and the technique of making colored fabrics with patterns exists to this day. Many features of the drawing are more similar to the methods of traditional dyeing of silk and cotton in Japan and India. Some differ in their tools, set of materials and staining technology.

Nowadays, dyeing fabrics at home is a common hobby, and craftsmen paint textiles for artistic satisfaction. Also, the batik technique is used to restore hopelessly soiled clothes or even to obtain exclusive scarves, T-shirts, dresses, and so on.

hot batik

Artistic painting with the help of a reserve substance - molten wax. Such a substance makes drawings on fabric using a special chanting tool, a copper reservoir on the handle, into which boiled liquid wax is placed, and at the end of the reservoir has a thin nozzle, from which the patterns are actually drawn. A glass tube is used for the petrol reserve agent. In this way, the fabric is dipped into textile dye, it can be aniline dye powders, which are diluted with water or applied with a brush, and the painted areas will remain untouched.

On the dried paint, you can continue to apply the product and paint with another layer; in production, wax is applied with stamps, which makes it possible to make a repeating small lace.

Wax, when no longer needed in work, is evaporated with an iron and paper towels or newsprint.

cold way

Hand painting in cold coloring with the use of reserve substances based on gasoline or an acrylic outline on fabric is widely used in silk painting. With the help of this technique, graceful paintings are created or often used in the dyeing of scarves.

In silk painting, aniline dyes are more often used, since their structure is very light, and in cotton painting, acrylic paints can be used, which create a film. In any case, there are all kinds of fabric paints on sale, and the instructions always indicate what types of textiles they are designed for, as well as how the paint should be fixed.

Consider a visual master class on painting silk with paints. In this example, a stole is painted on a marine theme.

The work is done with aniline dyes using salt secretion. You will learn about it at the end of the work.

For a full-fledged tippet, we need the following materials and tools:

Sketch drawing on paper;
A piece of natural silk measuring 150*50cm;
Reserving composition of black color;
Aniline dyes for batik;
brushes;
Glass tube for reserve;
Salt;
Stretcher made of wooden sticks;
Buttons.

First of all, we tightly pull the wet fabric onto the frame using the buttons. We fill the reserve liquid with a syringe until the ball is filled. We apply the contour with a reserve already on a dry canvas, placing a drawing template under the bottom.

The composition lines must be closed so that the paint does not run out of the borders through the cracks. And she will do it very quickly and irrevocably, if we leave her a move.

The lines should dry out a little, now we take the brushes and begin to conjure over the colors. We fill the cavities. Skills from childhood, when we painted coloring pages, will come in handy, only the reserving contour will not allow the paint to spread.

Several methods of artistic painting on fabric, also applicable in this work:

Paints can be diluted with water and mixed for specific shades and color saturation;
Inside the "islands" it is allowed to use several colors for a smooth overflow of color;
Drip the saline solution onto the background of the scarf to make beautiful water drops.

Consolidation of the result. Aniline dyes at the end of the work need to be steamed. But before that, wait a day, then remove the work from the frame, wrap it in newsprint or tracing paper, hang it in some kind of large container, bucket or pan. Tie a bundle to a stick longer than the diameter of the container, pour a small amount of water, cover it all with a thick towel. Closing with a cloth is also important so that condensation does not drip into the lids of the product, since moisture should not get on the painted silk.

It takes about 40 minutes to an hour and a half to evaporate the work. Then you will need to iron the fabric with an iron and wash it with soap at a water temperature of up to 40 degrees.

Batik is visual arts, but its application is very wide, ranging from the individual creation of things with their own hands. Modern clothing designers use hand-painted fabrics in pursuit of the exclusivity of their collections. Photo for inspiration:

Video on the topic of the article

Painting on fabric, as well as on glass, is one of the most popular types of hobby today. This fascinating process allows not only to realize your artistic potential. Drawing inscriptions and drawings on clothes with paints is one of the simplest and least expensive ways to breathe into a long-boring thing. new life. There are many techniques for hand-painting fabrics, so when you decide to start painting children's clothes, wardrobe items for adult family members, or plain home knitwear, you need to study what each of them is.

Types of fabric painting techniques

The process of applying inscriptions and drawings to a woven fabric by hand using reserving liquids is called "batik". A dye corresponding to its type is applied to the material. To prevent the spreading of paint at the junction of colorants, a special fixing composition, called a reserve, is used.

There are the following types of painting techniques on fabric: hot and cold batik, free painting, including with the use of saline, shibori (shibori, folding batik), bandana (knotted batik). For this type of art, not ordinary, but special paints are used. Of course, the stain used for wood processing is not suitable for painting on fabric. For this purpose, acrylic paints are most often used. It can also be done with aniline, luminous and other dyes.

Cold batik technique

Drawing on fabric is within the power of even a novice creator. The main thing is to know the process technology and take into account certain subtleties.

When using each of the existing batik techniques, certain types of materials, paints and methods of applying drawings, ornaments and inscriptions are used. The cold batik technique is considered a European adaptation of classical painting techniques.

Necessary materials, paints, suitable fabrics

Drawing on fabric using this technique is a whole art that requires special accuracy and a careful approach to working on a work that is created “in one layer”. To draw the contour, it is recommended to use ready-made stencils. In addition to the stencil, you will need the following tools:

a hoop for painting a small section of the canvas or a wooden frame if you plan to use a large area;
water-soluble or disappearing over time pencil for drawing a contour;
a special stick made of glass for working with the reserve liquid;
brushes - thin ones will be needed to draw the smallest details, wide ones - to fill the background of the picture and create gradients;
iron.

Acrylic paints

In this case, aniline or acrylic paints are used. It should be borne in mind that acrylic-based dyes are classified depending on the type of fabric being dyed. A special substance is used as a reserve liquid, which can be prepared by hand at home or purchased at a store. As a rule, a thick (rubber) and liquid (petrol-based) reserve composition is used. It can be either colored or colorless.

The process of drawing a picture and fixing it on the material

You can paint a dress or scarf in this way by following the following sequence of actions:

Stretch the washed fabric on a frame or hoop.
Draw a sketch of the future drawing with a pencil. The image can be made independently or redraw from the photo you like.
With a thin brush dipped in a reserve liquid, work out the main lines of the drawing. The main task in this case is to prevent voids in the stroke, otherwise the paint applied subsequently will spread, ruining the product.
Direct staining. When applying the dye, you should not be afraid to use several colors for one cell. With this approach, beautiful color transitions will turn out. Paint can be applied by hand, stenciled or screen printed. Screen printing is designed to create complex compositions.
Dry the product thoroughly.
Place the dried item in hot water and iron it with an iron. Such a measure will allow you to better fix the picture.

hot batik

The function of the reserve in batik, which is called hot, is performed by molten wax. This method of painting on fabric is less laborious to use than the previous method. It does not require increased accuracy, and the work takes less time. To paint a scarf or dress in this technique, you will need special tools to apply melted wax.

Materials, paints, fabric

To work in this technique, in addition to a sketch of the future drawing, you will need a chanting, which is a small copper tank with several spouts and a handle. The wax mixture can be bought or prepared independently from pine or dammar resin, paraffin, beeswax.

Chanting and brushes with wax

In the work, paints based on aniline and acrylic should be used. However, beginners are advised to choose the latter type of dyes. Aniline paints are more suitable for experienced craftsmen. Using this method, you can paint cotton, viscose, linen, woolen fabrics.

Operating procedure

To apply a pattern to a dress, T-shirt or stole in this way, you need:

Pull the washed and dried product onto a frame or hoop.
Transfer the drawing to the canvas.
Treat areas that are not intended to be painted with chanting with melted wax and allow it to dry completely.
Fill the material with dye.
After the paint has completely dried, remove the wax. To do this, put a sheet of paper on the painted area and iron it. After that, replace it with a new one and repeat the manipulation. This should be done until the wax completely disappears.
If necessary, cover the painted areas with a new layer of wax, and paint the light spot with a different color. The cycle must be repeated until the desired combination of shades is obtained.

free painting

This method of painting gives a flight of fancy, because it does not involve the use of any patterns. Each creation created in this way is unique. This method is recommended for experienced craftsmen. It can be combined with hot and cold batik.

Fine silk is considered the best material for free painting. However, it is not forbidden to experiment with other matters. The choice of fabric depends on the characteristics of the execution of the composition and the type of coloring agent. When combining free painting with hot batik, it is recommended to use canvases that can withstand high temperatures. When applying this method, aniline paints (often with thickeners) and oil paints with solvents are most often used.

Free painting with saline solution

There is also free painting using saline. The essence of this technique is that the canvas is impregnated with an aqueous solution of salt and, after drying, is painted, or this procedure is carried out with paints from basic dyes, to which saline is added. This measure prevents the paint from spreading and makes it possible to work with free strokes, adjusting the shape and degree of color saturation.

Knot technique and shibori

Painting in technology nodular batik

To make a drawing with nodular batik or shibori, you do not need to resort to the help of a reserve. The first method consists in tying knots, from which any monophonic or color composition is subsequently formed on the canvas. The second method, which has Japanese roots, has some similarities with the art of origami and involves folding the dyed fabric into several layers. The fabric is folded to get a symmetrical pattern.

Features of painting fabric with acrylic paints

When working with acrylic paints the following points must be taken into account:

Dilute with special solvents. When the dye is diluted with water, its adhesive properties decrease.
To protect the working area, place polyethylene or oilcloth under the fabric to be dyed.
Give preference to brushes with synthetic bristles.
Apply subsequent layers of paint only after the previous ones have completely dried.
Fix the dye with an iron not earlier than 1 day after dyeing the fabric.
Apply light colors of paint first. Each subsequent layer should be darker than the previous one.

Printing pattern on fabric

The essence of this technique, which in Russia was called a cube heel, is to apply an imprint on the canvas using a wooden or plastic mold (stamp). In this case, acrylic paints are used. You can buy stamps at the store or make your own. Many craftsmen use raw potatoes for this purpose. The procedure includes the following steps:

Apply diluted (if necessary) paint to the stamp with a sponge. It should not be either too little or too much, otherwise the print will be very pale or it will spread beyond the borders of the pattern.
Applying force, firmly press the form to the fabric. For better imprinting of the pattern on the canvas, it is recommended to use a rubber mallet.
After the colorant is completely dry, fix it with an iron. To do this, it is recommended to iron the painted fabric from the wrong side.

The first thing to determine is the style in which you want to decorate your apartment.

Walls covered with fabric, doors and windows imitating Japanese sliding partitions "fusuma" will help to give an ordinary city apartment an atmosphere of the land of the rising sun.

Lightly printed curtains, a patchwork bedspread, pillows, rugs and large lampshades will remind you of warm summer days in a country house.

Skillfully selected wall drapery, upholstery of furniture with fabrics of different textures and patterns in the living room and bedroom, various design of windows and doors - all this will allow you to recreate the features of antiquity, empire, baroque, modern and other styles.

To choose the right fabric for painting, you must definitely be guided by the type of future product. For lampshades, oriental-style chandeliers, curtains, a thin, translucent fabric is suitable, while bedding, bedspreads, decorative pillows, curtains, furniture and wall upholstery require a denser material.

Of great importance when choosing a paint for painting is the original color of the material and the weave of threads used in the manufacture of the fabric: linen, twill, knitwear, jacquard or brocade. Before you begin, check on a small test patch how the paint is absorbed and spreads on the fabric of your choice. So you can choose the best painting technique and pattern for your product.

IMPORTANT! The fabric must be washed before use. detergents to remove the sizing (a substance used in the final finishing of fabrics in factories). This is necessary for better staining of the fabric. Do not pre-soak the fabric with detergent, as it usually has a bleaching effect.

Attaching the fabric to the frame

Cover the frame with tape before stretching the fabric. Then attach the fabric to the loose frame on opposite sides

To avoid grooves, the pins on opposite edges of the fabric should be offset in relation to each other.

Then spread the frame, stretching the fabric, and secure with bolts

After that, attach the two remaining sides of the fabric

Choice of technique

Dry tissue is tightly tied with a rope or thread. Buttons can be placed inside the knots After staining, stylized images of flowers are obtained.

There are many techniques for hand-painting fabric, each of which has its own specifics. If this is your first time deciding to try your hand at this art, we recommend starting with the most ancient and easy way. It has many names: band-hni, tritik, slats, and the most common - nodular technique. With all the beauty and unusualness of the effects obtained, the technique of execution is very simple. Before dyeing, certain places on a dry fabric are tightly tied with a thin rope, cord, ribbon, or simply tied in a knot. When painting in these areas, the original background color is preserved. The pattern depends on the tying system: you can get circles, circles, vertical or horizontal stripes, their combinations. The fabric can be tied up in such a way that, after dyeing, loose knots turn into a pattern of a stylized flower, leaf, etc. Small objects can be placed inside the knots - buttons, pebbles or other shaped details, resulting in a pattern in the form of gaps of a certain configuration as a result of dyeing. The fabric is completely immersed in a solution of salt or soda ash, boiled in it for 10-15 minutes, then paint is added there. Further operations are carried out according to the instructions on the paint package. Modern dyes make it possible to dye the fabric in washing machines at a temperature of 60 C. Then the fabric is washed without untying the knots and the dye is fixed. The dried fabric can be re-dyed to a different color.

IMPORTANT! Staining is carried out from lighter tones to darker ones. Do not make more than three color overlaps. Without knowledge of color, you run the risk of getting “something” of an indefinitely dirty color instead of the original product and forever losing the desire to engage in this type of creativity.

To perform the following painting techniques, special preparation of the fabric is required, which must be stretched over the frame and transferred to the pattern. It is convenient to use pins so as not to damage the material.

Any drawing you like can serve as a motive for painting. It should first be transferred to tracing paper, and then in black ink or ink on white thick paper. Ready template they put it under the fabric stretched over the frame, fix it with adhesive tape, then transfer the contours of the pattern to the surface to be painted. If the fabric is dense and opaque, a lamp is brought under the frame and the template is illuminated from below. On sale there are ready-made motifs for drawings, which are transferred to the fabric by ironing.

IMPORTANT! In any case, the pattern should be transferred to the fabric already stretched over the frame and after that it cannot be removed from the frame.

contour painting

It is better to attach the drawing with adhesive tape, this will help to avoid displacement when it is transferred to the fabric
When transferring a pattern to fabric using a phantom felt-tip pen, you can not be afraid of mistakes, the lines disappear when exposed to water Apply the reserve composition with a contour painter
Filling the space inside the contour with paint should start with the lightest shades, and then move on to darker ones.

Contour painting is based on the use of reserve compositions that limit the flow of paint over the canvas. The artistic feature of this method of painting is that the obligatory color outline gives the drawings a clear graphic character. The number of colors is not limited. The reserve composition is applied to the fabric in the form closed loop. Good penetration of the reserve into the fabric is the most important condition in contour painting. If gaps and gaps remain when drawing the contour, the paint will run out of the picture. The thickness of the pickup contour and the consistency of the reserve composition depend on the density of the fabric, its texture, as well as on the absorbency of the fabric. Dense materials, due to their structure, require a wider contour and a liquid reserve composition for better impregnation. Often, for tissues of this type, a reserve is induced on both sides. When working on a dense fabric, a thick contour is drawn, and on transparent, light fabrics, a thinner one. After the contour of the drawing is drawn, it is allowed to dry.

IMPORTANT! Before applying the paint, it is necessary to check the quality of the induction of the reserve on the wrong side of the sample by dropping water inside each form. If in some place water breaks through the reserve, this section of the sample should be dried and the reserve should be restored a second time, but already on the wrong side. Then check the line quality again.

At the beginning of the line and in areas where the hand moves more slowly, drops are usually obtained. To avoid this, you should guide the tube or the tip of the tube over the fabric as evenly as possible, and at the beginning of work, either quickly lower the end of the tube to the surface, or start applying the reserve composition directly from a sheet of paper previously applied to the working surface of the fabric.

Start filling with color should be from the lightest tones, so that it is easier to cover the unwanted marriage with a darker tone. At the same time, one should not forget that the areas of the drawing must be evenly saturated with paint so that stains and halos do not form.

heel

Before applying an imprint to the fabric, make it on paper, thus removing excess paint from the stamp. The heel is made using stamps. Work must be carried out on a table with a flat surface. You can use a drawing board covered with a flannelette blanket.

Place the frame with the stretched fabric on the table. Dip the stamp into the prepared printing ink, make a test print on paper, removing excess ink, and only then make an impression on the fabric. Repeat the operation several times. After finishing work, the stamps must be washed and dried.

free painting

When working in the free painting technique, the fabric is impregnated with water for better paint flow. Apply the paint with free strokes with a thick brush appearance finished product. This technique is close to watercolor painting. Soft, picturesque transitions of tone without sharp outlines of the form are possible here. painting reveals the originality of the author's handwriting and gives the products an individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Pull the fabric over the frame. Choose from a range of colors to suit your vision. Treat the fabric with paints in an arbitrary pictorial manner, using not a specific pictorial motif, but some associative image: autumn, winter, spring landscape, early morning, twilight, fog, etc. In accordance with the plan, you need to choose a range of colors. The pattern is applied to the fabric with free strokes and only the final finishing is sometimes done using a cold reserve compound.

free watercolor painting

After applying watercolor primer or salt solution to the fabric, you can draw on it as on paper

Free watercolor painting is based on the use of saline or special watercolor primers. The fabric stretched over the frame is impregnated with an aqueous solution table salt or watercolor primer, and after drying, paint with paints. Since the saline solution limits the spread of the paint on the fabric, you can work with free strokes. The painting is carried out according to the principle of watercolor painting: from light to dark, from the top edge to the bottom.

Free painting with salt crystals

Another method of free painting of fabric is based on the use of salt or urea crystals. The fabric is stretched over the frame and processed with liquid dyes. Then, on the still wet fabric, in accordance with the design of the pattern, salt crystals are poured, which actively attract the dye to themselves, thereby darkening those areas of the fabric on which they are applied. The effect obtained largely depends on the size of the crystals. After drying on the fabric, the salt is removed. The effect achieved with dry urea is similar to salt. However, if salt, attracting the dye to itself, concentrates it on the fabric, then urea, on the contrary, bleaches the dyed fabric. This method is very simple and affordable, and most importantly - gives a wide scope for experimentation. A softer effect can be obtained by using not dry urea, but its concentrated solution (1 teaspoon of urea per 50 ml of water), into which a brush is dipped and a pattern is applied to the fabric in the manner of dot or line art.

Salt or urea crystals are applied to the wet surface of the fabric
Until the work is dry, you can adjust the drawing by darkening or whitening certain areas with special tools.
You can use a hair dryer to speed up the drying process.
Salt or urea after the fabric has dried is brushed off with a brush or a wide brush

How to blow dye onto fabric through a tube

Using this way, you can get a wide variety of colorful textures. Interesting effects are obtained by spraying dye of several colors. The paint is applied with a drop only on a dry fabric, then it is carefully blown through a tube to certain areas of the fabric. The result is an interesting effect that can be used as a painterly foundation when creating a bouquet motif or a single plant.

Free airbrush painting

When working in the displacement technique, it is not necessary to stretch the fabric on the frame, folds and kinks result in additional original effects.
Place the stencils on the fabric. After each stage of applying paint, the fabric should be dried.
The composition can be decorated using "mask" stencils. Dry plants, lace, buttons, beads are suitable for this.
You can remove stencils-“masks” only after the fabric has completely dried. Airbrushing is, as it were, in the middle between manual and machine painting methods. In those cases when it is necessary to obtain evenly painted surfaces, it is indispensable. In work, in addition to airbrushes and spray guns filled with liquid paint, all kinds of dyes in aerosol packaging can be used. The practice of working with an airbrush has many tricks. The displacement technique is based on spraying the dye by manipulating the spray gun. The airbrush jet in this case works in the hands like a brush, providing the opportunity to obtain halftones and color transitions. The spray technique produces images with a soft, as if melting, fuzzy contour. In airbrushing, it is possible to achieve an almost limitless variety of colors and shades.

Pull the fabric over the frame. Prepare a range of dyes from 3-4 colors and fill the dye in the airbrush. Spray paint on a small area of fabric. Repeat the same operation with other dyes, keeping small areas of the already applied color. Airbrushing can also be done on already dyed fabrics.

Pull the boiled fabric over the frame, paint it in any color of medium tone. Dry the sample. Then follow all the above operations in succession, reducing the number of sprayed colors to two. Other methods of working with an airbrush are based on the use of stencils and covering templates - "masks". Pull the fabric over the frame. Prepare stencils of simple geometric shapes.

IMPORTANT! When using paper or soft polymer material stencils, they must be attached to the fabric around the perimeter with adhesive tape to avoid displacement during operation. This is especially important when using tampons, brushes and sponges.

Prepare a range of dyes. Depending on the desired effect, place the stencils on the fabric in a certain sequence, and paint over the free areas with the appropriate color. After each operation, the fabric should be dried. Working in this way, it is not always possible to foresee the result, therefore, the composition can be corrected at the last stage, using "mask" stencils. Live or dry plants, all kinds of nets, lace are used as “masks”, brooches, buttons, sheets of plain paper, cardboard, etc. are also suitable.

Working with templates gives a lot of scope for creating a complex pattern. In airbrushing, a lot depends on your experience and taste. Even in the case when the composition is already set by the artist, its implementation requires careful attention and artistic flair. The result largely depends on the art of manipulating the airbrush, on the ability to direct the jet of sprayed paint, the duration of the spraying process, the techniques for transitioning from one tone to another, etc. The weak point of airbrushing is a very indefinite, blurry contour. To make it clearer, airbrushing is sometimes combined with contouring technique. That is, first the contours of the drawing are drawn, and then the paint is applied with an airbrush. The disadvantage of the airbrush method is also the appearance of a “fog” of sprayed paint, which requires special forethought and caution from the worker. Work with an airbrush, as a rule, is carried out in special protective masks (respirators) and in well-ventilated areas.

Painting fabric "marbling" (marbling)

When working in the "marbling" technique, a pattern is created on the surface of the paint with a stick or needle
The fabric should be placed in the bath with the resulting pattern on the entire surface. This technique is very effective and opens up great opportunities for improvisation. It can serve as an independent method of painting, or be used in combination with other techniques. A particularly interesting effect can be obtained when using satin silk. For "marbled" painting, a special THICKENER component is needed in the form of a powder, which is used to create the basis of the pattern. The composition is diluted in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water. A flat bath 2-4 cm high is best suited for this. Work with the resulting gel-like mass can be started only after an hour. Paint is applied to the composition with drops, bottles with a pipette provide ease of use. Then a pattern is created on the surface with a stick or a needle. Fabric or paper should be put on the resulting pattern with the entire plane. Leave in this form for 20 seconds, then remove and rinse quickly with running water. Let dry, fix. The most interesting thing is that the drawing can be constantly updated and applied in layers. The prepared composition can be used repeatedly. As a decorative finish, you can use any reserving composition, in areas where it is applied to the fabric, unpainted spots remain. The MARBLING technique is very interesting and colorful, it allows you to imitate marble stains and get original color solutions.

Monotype and putty technique

Carefully lift up the printed fabric, making sure that it does not move. Monotype is no less interesting. This technique is quite simple to perform and is accessible even for children. You will need a sheet of plastic or glass. Paint is applied to its surface with free strokes, it should be thick, like a paste in a tube. Then the fabric stretched over the frame is pressed tightly against the glass. This operation can be repeated several times until the paint on the glass is completely used up.

At putty technique thick paint is applied directly to the fabric, creating a relief surface.

photoelectric effect

The result obtained by the photoelectric effect method is similar to airbrushing, but the work process is devoid of unpleasant moments associated with the difficulties of working with an airbrush. In addition to the classic methods of hand-painting fabrics, paints and related materials significantly enriched the practice of artistic painting in obtaining particularly original decorative effects. One of them is the photo effect, which is based on certain qualities of paint. You can put a variety of patterns on the paint that has not yet dried. Then place the work under a bright lighting fixture. When dry, the paint under the templates brightens, giving the image some mystery and nebula.

Using new paints and materials, you can achieve complete similarity of the finished work with appliqué, beadwork and rhinestones.

Painting on fabric is an interesting and fascinating art. We hope that this material will help you in mastering this difficult type of creativity.

The editors would like to thank Alla Nikolaevna Novikova and Lyubov Bolycheva, fabric artists Irina Bychkova and Elena Vasilyeva for their assistance in preparing the material.

Bagaeva Lilia

There is one feature in a person's life that distinguishes his mind from the rest of the inhabitants of the universe.- this is the ability to look at the world with different eyes, add your own colors to it, make it brighter or simply show your vision of life to other people with the help of creativity. Fashion offers a wide range of different trends that make it possible to dress stylishly, but at the same time the external individuality is not preserved.

Among the current variety, you need to be able to choose for yourself what fits perfectly into your own image, emphasizes the most expressive character traits and reflects your life position. It is with this approach that a wardrobe can become an indispensable part of a personal brand, but all this requires considerable costs.

Download:

Preview:

Administration municipality"Barguzinsky district"

Municipal state-financed organization additional education

"BARGUSIN HOUSE OF CHILDREN'S CREATIVITY"

Subject:

Work completed: Bagaeva Lilia, a student of the 5th "in" class,

supervisor: Tumasyan Ludmila Aleksanovna,

additional education teacher

MBUDO "Barguzinsky House of Children's Creativity".

2017

Introduction…………………………………………………………. ………….. …3

Relevance, scientific novelty…………………………………………………...4

Purpose, tasks……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Organization and methodology of research…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6-7

Economic justification………………………………………………………8

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………….8-9

References…………………………………………………………………10

Introduction

There is one feature in a person’s life that distinguishes his mind from the rest of the inhabitants of the universe - this is the ability to look at the world with different eyes, add your own colors to it, make it brighter, or simply show your vision of life to other people with the help of creativity. Fashion offers a wide range of different trends that make it possible to dress stylishly, but at the same time the external individuality is not preserved.

Problem:

Modern youth have a problem of indifference to their personality, this is especially reflected in the style of things they wear, the character of individuality has been lost, the race for the same type and monophonic type of clothing that modern brands dictate to us. They do not seek to improve their wardrobe with their own style.

Motivation: A truly individual style often has little to do with what is considered fashionable in a given season. As Yves Saint Laurent said - "Fashion fades, style is eternal." Style is a state when a person himself understands what suits him, knows how to see his color, silhouette and proportions.

In society, personal success largely depends on what you show the world. Clothing style is a reflection of lifestyle, so when choosing a wardrobe, it is extremely important to have a clear idea of how you want to present yourself to others, that you want to express yourself. For this reason, it does not make sense to blindly copy fashion trends and styles. In addition, all this requires a lot of money. Engaged in association visual arts, I studied in depth the materials on the types of painting, mastered the technique of drawing different types of ornament. And I decided why not emphasize my individuality, follow fashion trends, keep my own style - designing and decorating clothes with my own hands, painting them with acrylic paints and at no extra cost. The best part is that I will devote my free time to my favorite pastime, and I invite everyone who wants to create an image with their own hands, in our time of crisis.After all, not everyone can afford to buy clothes that match modern fashion and style.

Relevance:

Today it is relevant to offer many options and not bind freedom of action - the consumer should be able to choose his own combination. From the chaos of fashionable offers, everyone can choose what is necessary and sufficient, which will make up the style and image of the individual. Thus, fashion is aimed at the individualization of style. Decorate your clothesdrawing on fabricin accordance with your plan, you will definitely be exclusive and unique!

By decorating clothes with your own hands, you can embody a completely new look.

your beauty, reflecting your inner state and mood. Besides,

such a hobby as painting clothes can become an exciting family

an activity that you can do with your children, making simple fun

Children's drawings. You can decorate together not only clothes, but also the house, for example, paint original curtains. By exploring your home, you will always find the opportunity to make it more comfortable and beautiful.

You do not need to be a master to beautifully paint some product, as painting with acrylic paints is carried out using a very easy technology. If you do not have drawing skills, you can apply a template or do the work with a stencil, but someone who loves drawing can easily do any drawing on their favorite clothes or accessories, giving old things new life. This technique of painting with acrylics, amazing in its diversity, today can please the eyes of billions of people, bringing great pleasure to its authors.

Scientific novelty of the research:is to create creative products witha peculiar author's handwriting, which gives the products an individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Painting on fabric with acrylic paints is one of the quick ways decorate household items modern style. Thus, you can decorate not only clothes, but also household items: bedspreads, pillowcases, tablecloths, curtains, curtains!By exploring your home, you will always find the opportunity to make it more comfortable and beautiful.

Many would like to be able to decorate clothes, for example, a scarf or a T-shirt with a painting. But someone does not know how to handle paints, and someone is simply afraid. In order to paint on fabric, you need not only the ability to draw, but also at least a little knowledge of the basics of color.Coloring in a decorative textile product is an integral part of the decor. A thing that is beautiful in terms of drawing can be ruined by a color that does not correspond to the general artistic design, by an incorrect distribution of color. With color, you can combine individual elements into a single whole, and you can split them up so that nothing remains of a carefully thought-out composition. In order to correctly solve the issues of color, you need to know the elementary laws of color combinations. The influence of colors and their combinations on a person. The color of a textile product is determined by the combination of colors used, the harmony of their combinations.

The choice of the main gamut and the subordination of the general color scheme to this gamut allows a meaningful approach to the issue of the color scheme of the work. It is not enough to distribute colors over the plane of the product. You need to learn how to manage the opportunities that give the paints at hand.

Target : Style textile products and accessories, performing in the technique of painting on fabric with acrylic paints.

Tasks:

1. Research the history of this needlework.

2. Collect text and illustrated material about free painting with acrylics on fabric.

3. Learn to competently and accurately work with special materials and tools.

4. Apply creative work in the design of clothing and accessories.

Object of study:Painting on fabric with acrylics.

Subject of study: creative work in the technique of drawing with acrylic paints.

Practical value of the work:

Painting with acrylic paints will bring great pleasure to both children and adults, because, if you like the drawing, it will give an idea for the stylish design of not only clothes, but also decorate home accessories in an original and stylish way, such as curtains, tablecloths, bedspreads and , even pillowcases for sofa cushions. This type of art can serve not only for the soul, but also to replenish the wallet.

Hypothesis: Is it possible to paint different types of fabric with acrylic paints?

Organization and research methodologyfabric painting techniques:

AT this project I am researching materials about painting on fabric with acrylic paints, which can become the basis for creating a fashionable look. To do this, I studied the history of the emergence of painting.

Hand-painted silk and cotton fabrics appeared in our country relatively recently: in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Unlike most other artistic crafts, there are no well-established traditions and direct successive ties with peasant everyday art or with any particular artistic craft in Russia. The principle of redundancy underlying this technique, i.e. coating with a paint-resistant composition of those places of the fabric that should remain unpainted and form a pattern, was known in ancient times. In China, India, Indonesia and other countries of the ancient East, this method was used from time immemorial to obtain a pattern on fabric. For example, in India, the finest cotton fabrics were woven by hand and painted with scenes from the Indian epic using kalam - a stick with a sharp end and a groove, which created a thin graphic pattern. For hand painting, fabrics made from natural silk and cotton fibers are used. If the fabric is made from a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers, then it will be poorly dyed, have dull, faded shades. You can determine the natural fiber using combustion. To do this, you need to set fire to the thread of the fabric. Natural silk burns poorly, has the smell of burnt wool; cotton burns completely, has the smell of burnt paper.

Fabric painting is an ancient art that came to Europe from Indonesia , where the painting of various objects and textiles was a kind of ritual of worshiping the gods.

Recipes for making paints were kept in the strictest confidence by the masters.

In ancient times, it was believed that clothes decorated with paintings protect a person from all sorts of misfortunes. Perhaps this is true, because the artist, when drawing, conveys his positive energy and positively charged thoughts through the paint.

The real flowering of this art was in China .
After all, it was the Chinese who gave the world, perhaps, the most ideal material for painting - silk.
And since that time, batik on silk has gained popularity all over the world, it is very popular to this day.

To Japan batik technology most likely came from China or India

Translated into Japanese, batik sounds like "Rockati". The Japanese combined the acquired knowledge with their own national heritage, thus obtaining the most beautiful products with traditional plots and drawings. The painted fabrics were mainly used to make screens and clothing. The most important and significant for the development and formation of batik in Japan was the 13th century, which is rightfully considered the golden age or the age of artistic, weaving production. There are quite a few other fabric paints on the market today that artists enjoy using and also combine them with batik. For example, painting with acrylic paints can be considered the great-granddaughter of batik, appeared quite recently around 1920-30, the first acrylic paints appeared in the USA, presumably, painting with acrylic paints on fabric spread from America. So, for example, painting with acrylic paints on fabric is common and popular today in Russia. Fashion with acrylic painting on clothes is an amazing art that will never stop developing.

Conducted experiments:

1. With the quality of three types of acrylic paints such as: "Acrilex", Acrylic paints for fabric, "Decola".

2. With different types of fabric: natural, mixed, synthetic.

3. With checking the pattern for strength and wear resistance when washing.

Research has shown that:

Acrylic paints are easily diluted with water.
Under the surface to be drawnbe sure to put some waterproof material(I use cardstock) as the ink bleeds through the fabric, it will stain the underside of the item.
We use synthetic or kolinsky brushes.
We apply the drawing in several layers, allowing the previous layer to dry completely, if necessary, fix the layer with ironing.
Let's use a palette.
After a day, the drawing must be ironedthrough cotton fabric for 5 minutes, in iron mode - for cotton fabric.
The important point is that things painted with acrylic paints can be washed very easily, the drawing will not be erased for a long time and will not lose color.
When using paints, we carefully study the instructions for their use, some of them have their own characteristics of use.
Rinse your brushes thoroughly with water after use., you can with soap.

Practical part.

To work, you will need tools:

Textile product (clothing)

Column brushes or artificial brushes of various sizes

Acrylic paints on fabric

Work sequence

1. In order to make a drawing on clothes, you first need to choose it so that it matches the style and type of product.

2. We place the sketch of the selected pattern inside the clothes, so as to draw the outline of the sketch on the front side of the product.

3. Using a simple pencil, draw a pattern that shows through the fabric.

4. Lay out acrylic paints on the palette, only those that are necessary for the initial stage, because they thicken and dry very quickly.

5. We cover the background and large details in the drawing with certain colors according to the plan, then we paint all the details of the drawing with small ornaments.

6. To fix the pattern on the fabric, you need to iron the product with a hot iron through a thin cotton fabric or turn the product with the pattern on the wrong side.

150 rub.

Conclusion : we purchased materials for a small amount of only: 630 rubles, while brushes, a palette, paints can be used to paint a few more products.

Conclusion and Conclusion:

What study without practical work? Drawing on fabric, I came to the conclusion:

1 . Before you start painting, be sure to put cardboard or paper inside the product so that the pattern is not printed on the back of the product, since acrylic paints are not removed from the fabric even when washed. From this we can conclude that a product with a pattern with acrylic paints can be safely washed, but so that the paint does not fade, it is advisable to do this very carefully.

2. After completing the drawings on different types fabrics, and eventually came to the conclusion that the most suitable fabric for painting with acrylic paints is natural fabrics without synthetic impurities.

Acrylic paints are not suitable for all types of fabric, on synthetic fabrics they spread and a fuzzy pattern is obtained. But on natural fabrics (silk, linen, cotton - paper), the paint lays down evenly and well.

3. Having experimented with 3 (Acrylex, Acrylic paints for fabric, Decola) types of acrylic paints, we determined that the brightest and highest quality paints are Decola, since, unlike other acrylic paints, they do not harden on the surface of clothing, they lie very softly and evenly, and retain elasticity when dried. and image brightness.

4. Painting on fabric is very exciting and interesting, while working on this project, I discovered new ideas that I really want to implement and have already thought about the fact that in the future I will paint not only fabric, but also household utensils, interior items, and make magnificent and exclusive gifts for friends and relatives.It's much nicer than just showing off what's bought in the store. Preserving the national traditions of my family, I plan to do this work using the Buryat ornament.

Bibliographic list

References:

Gilman R.A. "Artistic painting of fabrics", Moscow, "Vlados", 2005. The history of the emergence of printing on fabric (heel-prints).
Dorzhiev Lubsan "Buryat ornament in creativity"

3. Zhuravleva I.D. textbook - method, manual, fabrics. Treatment. Care. Coloring. Application. Batik.- M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2005.- 176p..

4. Kozlova T.V. Modeling and decoration of women's and children's clothing studies. - method, manual, Moscow 1990

Magazine article

Natalia Kubrick, magazine "Ideas of your home" No. 3 (16) March 1999, article "Painting on fabric".

Internet resources:

Materials of the site "Eco-Friendly Things", article "Ecofashion - fresh trends", "http://www.ecofriendly.ru/content/ekomoda-%E2%80%93-svezhie-trendentsii.
Materials of the site "School of Life", article by Olga Sitnikova "Eco-chic and eco-fashion - something new or well-forgotten old?" http://shkolazhizni.ru/authors/vasilina/

Now painting on fabric has become a popular hobby. This is a real art, thanks to which you can give clothes, shoes, textiles and other products originality and beauty. It is best to make drawings with acrylic paints - they are of the highest quality and allow you to get the perfect result. There are different painting techniques that needlewomen should familiarize themselves with.

Properties and features of acrylic dyes

Acrylic for drawing is one of the types, a polymer composition that does not penetrate the fibers, but covers them from the outside. Acrylic colors are available in a rich color scheme, are easily mixed with each other, allowing you to get unique shades. Since such staining is not afraid of moisture, it can even be done on jackets, raincoats, raincoats, not to mention jeans, scarves, bags, T-shirts. Hand painting with acrylic looks great on tablecloths, panels. It is not recommended to draw at home on these types of things:

underwear - there is a risk of allergies;
bed linen - due to frequent washing, it quickly sheds;
dry-cleaned products - due to possible damage to the pattern;
things for younger children attending Kindergarten- there is a high risk of allergies in babies.

Acrylic is ideal for beginners. Finished canvases dry quickly, and the price of paints is low - there is an opportunity to experiment. Other properties of acrylic dyes are as follows:

contains no harmful chemical substances- there are vegetable or artificial resins, pigments, water, plasticizers, binders for uniform consistency;
in texture, the paint resembles tempera, which is used to paint icons, but dries much faster and creates a protective film on the surface (the latter is so strong that things can be washed in a washing machine, rolled up, and stored for a long time);
after applying paint to the fabric, its fibers become denser, but this area of \u200b\u200bthe matter loses its elasticity;
over time, the quality of acrylic deteriorates, so paints should only be used during their normal shelf life.

Acrylic colors are diluted with water, but experts prefer the use of special solvents. Such substances help to make the images glossy, and with the introduction of water, the picture will become matte. To fix the paints, it is better to use dry heat - to walk over the fabric with an iron. You can buy colors in art stores, there are also optional equipment(brushes, palettes, templates, stencils).

Suitable fabric

Do-it-yourself coloring is easy. It is important to choose a fabric suitable for this so that it matches the type of dye. The choice of matter also depends on the technique of painting things. So, hot batik involves the use of natural fabrics - cotton, linen, wool, viscose, denim. This method allows you to dye only such fibers, and artificial ones will remain in their original color. Therefore, mixed materials are not recommended.

"Silk" marking on paint

If there is such a designation on the color scheme, then there is no increase in the stiffness of the fabric, therefore the product is suitable even for thin matter. You can use similar dyes for silk, chiffon, cambric. Most of the fabrics listed respond well to the cold batik technique.

Textile pointer on paint

Such colors are suitable for hard, dense fabrics - suede, leather, furniture fabrics. For dark textiles, you should choose dyes with an appropriate mark.

Types of painting with acrylic paints

Only a clean cloth or thing should be dyed, therefore, before starting work, it is washed, then thoroughly dried and ironed. In some painting techniques, it is required to stretch the material on a special frame (for needlewomen it is called a hoop), although you can make any convenient device yourself. The fabric for work is laid out in a well-lit place, while the dyeing area should be in the center.

hot batik

For hot coloring, natural dyes used to be used - Indian henna, tea, turmeric and even potassium permanganate, but now there are many more resistant, high-quality colors on sale. For hot batik, melted wax is used, which allows you to get structured images with different combinations of shades.

The meaning of the technique is that after removing it, a lighter or darker pattern remains under the wax, or even a white picture. To apply wax, chanting is used - a tool that applies original wax patterns. It looks like a small vessel with several spouts and a handle.

For hot batik, you should first prepare the wax mixture. It is sold ready-made or made by hand from pine resin, paraffin, beeswax, fat, dammar resin. Beginners are advised to first try melted wax from a regular candle on the fabric to practice.

The order of work is as follows:

prepare a drawing project - draw a picture on paper or print it on a printer;
transfer the pattern to the fabric in any convenient way ( point technique, through tracing paper, carbon paper, etc.);
grease the places of the drawing that should be left unpainted with hot wax, let it dry completely (the stain should be transparent and dark, but not white and matte);
pour the fabric with a dye solution, hold for the right time;
remove wax;
if necessary, cover the already painted areas with new wax, and paint the light spot with a different color;
repeat the cycle until the desired combinations are obtained (up to black).

You need to remove the wax with paper and an iron, heating the cloth and gently separating the substance. This technique is time-consuming, so it is better to first look at the master class on the Internet.

The difference between this technique and the “hot” technique is that instead of wax, a special substance is used that does not allow color to pass through. The second name of cold batik is reservation, and the compositions are called reserve.

First, the drawing is circled with this substance, then other parts of the fabric are painted over with paint. The outlines keep the ink from flowing onto the image. After complete drying of the matter, the reserve composition is removed. As a result, contrast (vital) staining is provided. The easiest way is to tint products using this technique using ready-made stencils.

Knotted batik

You can paint the fabric in nodular technique, resulting in unexpected effects and original patterns. They are formed due to small nodules that are unevenly stained. Novice needlewomen and artists are encouraged to use this type of batik. Dresses, tablecloths, napkins, T-shirts are especially successful.

The order of work is this:

make a free painting on the background (if required);
dry the thing, lay out the pebbles on it, tie them with threads into knots (according to the idea);
twist the entire fabric tightly on 2 sides, fold in 2-3 layers, tie again with threads;
lower into a container with paint, hold for the right time;
take out, dry the product.

Shibori technique

This method is a kind of nodular batik. The only difference is that the fabric is folded in a certain way, reminiscent of origami. The method also involves the use additional effects- sprinkling salt, spraying alcohol.

free painting

The technique resembles the usual painting of fabric with watercolor or gouache. On matter, as a result, you can get a real picture or individual drawings, details. Here, the talent of the artist is fully manifested, because it will not work to make a painting according to the template. To prevent the paint from flowing, the fabric is pre-soaked in a saline solution for 2-3 hours. For successful prescribing of shades, the use of reserving compositions is allowed. If they are not there, it is better to pre-prime the fabric:

mix equally gelatin, PVA, starch;
apply to the fabric with a brush;
dry, but not completely;
start work.

A variety of free painting is raw painting. It gives the effect of flowing from one color to another, gives a feeling of airiness. Drawing is performed on wet fabric without the use of stencil technique (without templates). You can not only make brush strokes, but also blow the paint through a straw for a cocktail, then giving the drops the desired shape.

Painting with an airbrush

For this method of staining, you will need a device for spraying paint - an airbrush. By changing the angle of application, you can get a variety of shades. To use airbrushing, you need to have certain artistic skills.

The history of the emergence of batik technology

Batik is hundreds of years old. Over time, technology has become more sophisticated and improved. different countries had its own characteristics. Indonesia is considered the birthplace of batik, but the first description of the method was made in Holland in the 17th century. Very ancient fabric samples were found in Egypt - they were made around the 5th century. Batik in ancient times was common in Japan, China and other Asian countries, and in the Middle Ages it became incredibly popular with European artists.

Prints with acrylic paints - execution

The most reliable method of creating an original thing is staining with acrylic colors. You can apply a variety of methods of applying paints.

Copying a design from paper

In this case, you do not need to be an artist to create masterpieces. It is enough to be careful to clearly outline the pattern on the fabric. It is printed on a printer, making the contours bold, dark (otherwise they will not be visible through the fabric). Next, the thing is stretched onto cardboard or a sheet of plywood, an embossed pattern is placed between the layers, fixed with pins, the drawing is circled with a simple pencil or a special marker for matter. After that, you can start drawing the image with paints.

Drawing on fabric by hand

If you have artistic abilities and imagination, you can make a drawing without a template, manually. Professionals work directly with paints, it is better for a beginner to first draw the outlines with a simple pencil. This method is especially good if some lightness, negligence in the picture is expected.

Stencil application

Stencils are sold in specialized stores in large quantities. It is very convenient to use this technique if you need to repeatedly copy the same drawing (team uniform, napkins, etc.). The stencil is applied to the fabric, fixed with pins, paper clips and outlined with paints.

Screen printing

It is used to create complex drawings, multi-color images. The method involves the use of special ink and screen printing nets, a roller and other tools will also be required. It is better to give the product to the workshop, where all the work will be done efficiently.

In order for fabric-based painting to be “excellent”, it is worth observing a number of important tips and recommendations:

purchase only high-quality paints in specialized stores (too cheap colors can be fake);
pay attention to the expiration date - it should be normal;
get acquainted with the composition of paints - if they are good, they do not contain toxic components, heavy metals, there is no unpleasant odor;
before painting a large canvas, do a color test on a small area, evaluate the work after the paint has completely dried;
for work, use brushes with synthetic bristles, rollers, sponges;
apply each new layer after the previous one has dried;
after a day, fix the pattern with an iron - iron it for at least 5 minutes;
high-quality products do not blur on matter, resistant, do not collapse from water after solidification.

For washing use only non-aggressive surfactants and water with temperatures up to 35-40 degrees. It is strictly forbidden to use bleaches that destroy the paint. It is better to wash small items by hand, do not wring them out, do not twist them, but carefully hang them on the back of a chair to dry.

Large items are washed in the machine, including the delicate mode. Subject to these simple rules, clothes or other products will last a long time without loss of color and quality.