At least every 10. Marking cable lines with tags. Chief Production Engineer

New edition Art. 335 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

The teaching staff of the organization implementing educational activities, at least every 10 years of continuous pedagogical work, have the right to a long vacation for a period of up to one year, the procedure and conditions for granting which are determined in the manner established by the federal executive body responsible for developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education .

Commentary on Article 335 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

The conditions and procedure for granting a long vacation for up to one year to teachers of educational institutions, the founder of which is the Ministry of Education of Russia or in respect of which the Ministry of Education of Russia exercises the powers of the founder, are determined by the Regulation "On the procedure and conditions for granting teachers of educational institutions a long vacation for a period of up to one year", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated December 7, 2000 N 3570.

The decision of the founder of the educational institution and the charter of the institution determines the provision of long-term leave to pedagogical workers of other educational institutions.

Long leave may be granted to a teacher on the basis of his application and is issued by order. By order of the Ministry of Education of Russia, this leave is issued to the rector, director, head of the educational institution, head of the educational institution.

Long leave can be granted to a teacher at any time. The condition for granting is that the leave does not negatively affect the activities of the educational institution.

The sequence and time of granting a long vacation, its duration, joining the annual paid vacation, the possibility of payment from extra-budgetary funds and other issues are determined by the charter of the educational institution.

Long leave for up to 1 year is provided subject to holding a teaching position in the relevant educational institution and in the presence of continuous teaching experience. However, the right to a long vacation, in accordance with Article 335 of the Labor Code, is not associated with a mandatory 10-year continuous teaching experience. The law provides for the frequency of granting long leave, determining it no more than after 10 years of continuous teaching work. And the Regulation "On the procedure and conditions for granting long-term leave to teachers of educational institutions for up to one year" clearly defines the presence of 10 years of experience as a prerequisite for granting such leave.

The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, includes the time of work in state, municipal educational institutions and non-state educational institutions with state accreditation, in the positions and on the conditions provided for by the List attached to the said Regulation. The list consists of two groups of positions.

The first group includes positions in which work is counted as continuous teaching experience, regardless of the amount of teaching work: professor, associate professor, senior lecturer, lecturer, assistant, teacher, teacher-defectologist, speech therapist, teacher-organizer (the basics of life safety, pre-conscription training), teacher of additional education, head physical education, master of industrial training, senior trainer-teacher, trainer-teacher, accompanist, music director, educator.

The second group is made up of positions, the time of work in which is counted in the experience of continuous teaching work, provided that in each academic year the teacher in the positions indicated above performs teaching work (both with and without holding a full-time position) in the following volume:

At least 150 hours - in institutions of higher vocational education and the corresponding additional professional education (advanced training) of specialists;

At least 240 hours - in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education and relevant additional education; at least 6 hours a week in general education and other educational institutions.

The second group includes the following positions:

Rector, director, head of an educational institution, head of an educational institution;

Vice-rector, deputy director, deputy head of an educational institution, deputy head of an educational institution, whose activities are related to the educational process;

Director, head of a branch of an educational institution;

Head of a branch of an educational institution;

Head master;

Manager of the educational facility;

Dean, Deputy Dean of the Faculty;

Head, deputy head of the department, doctoral studies, postgraduate studies, - department, sector;

Head, deputy head of an office, laboratory, department, educational and consulting center, speech therapy center, boarding school at a general education institution;

Academic Secretary of the Academic Council;

Head (manager) of production practice;

Methodist;

Methodist instructor;

Senior Methodist;

senior teacher;

class teacher;

Social teacher;

Educational psychologist;

Teacher-organizer; senior counselor;

labor instructor;

Instructor for physical education.

The length of continuous teaching experience can be established in accordance with the entries in work book, as well as on the basis of other duly executed documents. The issues of calculating the length of service of continuous teaching work are considered by the administration of the educational institution in agreement with trade union body.

The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, is counted:

Actual hours worked;

The time when pedagogical worker actually did not work, but his place of work (position) and wage in whole or in part (including the time of paid involuntary absenteeism in case of improper dismissal or transfer to another job and subsequent reinstatement);

The time when the teacher passed industrial practice on paid teaching positions during the period of study in educational institutions of secondary and higher professional education, postgraduate and doctoral studies;

The time when the teacher did not actually work, but his place of work (position) was retained and he received state benefits social insurance, except for the time when the teacher was on partially paid leave and received child care allowance until he reaches the age of one and a half years.

As with the main vacation, for a teacher who falls ill during a long vacation, this vacation is extended by the number of days of incapacity for work certified by the sick leave, or, in agreement with the administration, is postponed to another period. At the same time, a long vacation is not extended or transferred if the pedagogical worker cared for a sick family member during the specified period.

Another commentary on Art. 335 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

1. The procedure and conditions for granting a long vacation for up to one year to teachers of educational institutions, the founder of which is the Ministry of Education of Russia or in respect of which the Ministry of Education of Russia exercises the powers of the founder, are determined by the Regulation "On the procedure and conditions for granting long-term leave to teachers of educational institutions for a period of up to one year ", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia of December 7, 2000 N 3570.

The provision of long-term leave to teaching staff of other educational institutions is determined by the decision of the founder of the educational institution and the charter of the institution.

2. A long vacation is granted to a teacher at his request and is issued by order. An extended leave for the rector, director, head of an educational institution, head of an educational institution is issued by order of the Ministry of Education of Russia.

3. Long leave may be granted to a teacher at any time, provided that this does not adversely affect the activities of the educational institution.

4. The sequence and time of granting a long vacation, its duration, joining the annual paid vacation, the possibility of paying from extra-budgetary funds and other issues not provided for by the named Regulations are determined by the charter of the educational institution.

5. Long leave for up to 1 year is granted subject to the occupation of a teaching position in the relevant educational institution and the presence of continuous teaching experience. Within the meaning of Art. 335 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the right to a long vacation is not associated with a mandatory 10-year continuous teaching experience. The law provides for the frequency of granting long leave, determining it no more than after 10 years of continuous teaching work. For the first time, such leave may also be granted to an employee who does not have 10 years of continuous teaching experience. However, the Regulation, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia, unambiguously focuses on the presence of 10 years of experience as a prerequisite for granting such leave.

6. The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, counts the time of work in state, municipal educational institutions and non-state educational institutions with state accreditation, in positions and under the conditions provided for by the List attached to the said Regulation. The list consists of two groups of posts.

The first group includes positions in which work is counted as continuous teaching experience, regardless of the amount of teaching work: professor, associate professor, senior teacher, lecturer, assistant, teacher, teacher-defectologist, speech therapist, teacher-organizer (basics of life safety, pre-conscription training), teacher of additional education, head of physical education, master of industrial training, senior trainer-teacher, trainer-teacher, accompanist, music director, educator.

The second group of positions, the time of work in which is counted in the length of service of continuous teaching, provided that in each academic year the teacher in the positions indicated above performs teaching work (both with and without holding a full-time position) in the following volume: at least 150 hours - in institutions of higher professional education and relevant additional professional education (advanced training) of specialists; at least 240 hours - in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education and relevant additional education; at least 6 hours a week - in general education and other educational institutions. The second group includes the following posts:

rector, director, head of an educational institution, head of an educational institution;

vice-rector, deputy director, deputy head of an educational institution, deputy head of an educational institution, whose activities are related to the educational process;

director, head of a branch of an educational institution;

head of a branch of an educational institution;

head master;

educational facility manager;

dean, deputy dean of the faculty;

head, deputy head of the department, doctoral studies, postgraduate studies, department, sector;

head, deputy head of an office, laboratory, department, educational and consulting center, speech therapy center, boarding school at a general education institution;

scientific secretary of the academic council;

head (manager) of production practice;

Methodist;

instructor-methodologist;

senior methodologist;

senior teacher;

class teacher;

social teacher:

educational psychologist;

teacher-organizer, senior counselor;

labor instructor;

physical education instructor.

7. The duration of continuous teaching experience is established in accordance with the entries in the work book or on the basis of other duly executed documents. The issues of calculating the length of service of continuous teaching work are considered by the administration of the educational institution in agreement with the trade union body.

8. The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, are counted:

actual hours worked;

the time when the teacher did not actually work, but he retained his place of work (position) and wages in full or in part (including the time of paid involuntary absenteeism in case of improper dismissal or transfer to another job and subsequent reinstatement at work);

the time when a pedagogical worker had an industrial practice in paid teaching positions during the period of study in educational institutions of secondary and higher professional education, postgraduate and doctoral studies;

the time when the pedagogical worker did not actually work, but the place of work (position) was retained for him, and he received state social insurance benefits, except for the time when the pedagogical worker was on partially paid leave and received childcare allowance until he reached one and a half years of age.

Many Russians will receive their annual bonus not in January, but in March or even later. The Ministry of Labor confirmed that companies can decide for themselves when to give employees the thirteenth salary.

From October 3, changes will come into force in Russia Labor Code for which salaries will be paid at least every half a month. Employers fear that this may cause problems in the payment of annual bonuses. According to them, they will not have time to sum up fiscal year until January 15th.

The Association of Corporate Lawyers (OKYUR), representing the interests of big business, sent a letter to the Ministry of Labor, in which it draws attention to the problem and proposes to change the new norm of the code, Rossiyskaya Gazeta writes.

"The premium can only be paid after approval financial results activities of the company for the year or quarter or the occurrence of other events; this cannot be done before January 15 of the year ... It turns out that in order to sum up and evaluate the financial results of the organization's work for whole year, for accrual and payment of bonuses to employers, taking into account days off public holidays there are only a few January working days left," the letter says.

According to the OCUR, the approach proposed by the law may cause employers to abandon the practice of bonuses, as well as attempts to circumvent the operation of such norms in the form of "black" or "gray" wages. This will deal a blow not only to the budget in terms of non-payment of personal income tax; the workers themselves will be deprived of their rights, because from the money envelopes issued to them they will not pay insurance and pension contributions.

The Ministry of Labor, meanwhile, explained that there is nothing to worry about - the new edition of the Labor Code does not change the rules for paying bonuses. "They concern only accrued wages, the payments of which are made at least every half a month," said the director of the department of wages, labor relations and social partnership Ministry of Labor Marina Maslova. As for the timing of incentive payments (surcharges, allowances, bonuses), they can be established collective agreement or local regulation.

That is, the employer himself can decide when to pay the thirtieth salary - in December, January or another month. This is the way it is now, and it will be the same after October 3rd. "That is, if the regulation on bonuses establishes that the payment of bonuses to employees at the end of the year will be, for example, in March, then this will not be a violation of the requirements of the Labor Code in new edition", - noted in the Ministry of Labor.

The rate by which to pay annual bonuses, bonuses and other incentive payments to employees can be made in March or later, it is quite logical, says Denis Frolov, partner at BMS Law Firm.

According to him, as a rule, it is in March that annual meetings shareholders and members of companies that, among other things, approve financial statements based on the results of the past year. "It is quite justified, if the employee's bonus depends on the company's financial results, to wait for the results of the approval of the annual financial statements," the expert says.

In this article, you will learn why to mark cable lines, which regulations regulate the marking of cable lines, which tags are used to mark cable lines, what designations are applied to cable tags.


So let's get started

Why label cable lines?

Cable lines are marked for ease of commissioning, operation and repair. For example, if it is necessary to take measurements on the desired cable line, it can be easily found among others by the cable tag, which bears the designations from the cable magazine.

What tags are used to mark cable lines?

U-134 square tags are used for marking power cables with voltage up to 1000V (See Fig.1)

U-135 round tags are used to mark power cables with voltages above 1000V (See Fig. 2)

U-136 triangular tags are used for marking control cables (See Fig.3)

What designations are applied to cable tags?

The following designations are applied to cable tags: number of the cable line according to the cable magazine, brand and section of the cable, voltage, beginning and end of the cable line, length of the cable line. Couplings are labeled with the number of the coupling and the date of its installation.

What regulatory documents regulate the marking of cable lines?

PUE 6th edition:

clause 2.3.24. Each cable line must have its own number or name. If the cable line consists of several parallel cables, then each of them must have the same number with the addition of the letters A, B, C, etc. Openly laid cables, as well as all cable joints, must be provided with tags indicating on the tags of cables and end sleeves the brand, voltage, section, number or name of the line; on the tags of the couplings - the number of the coupling and the date of installation. Labels must be impact resistant environment. On cables laid in cable structures, tags must be located along the length at least every 50 m.

SP 76.13330.2016 "Electrical devices. Updated edition of SNiP 3.05.06-85":

6.3.2 Installation of electrical wiring on cable trays and cable ladders, in cable and special cable ducts
6.3.2.11 Conductors laid in boxes and on trays must be marked at the beginning and end of the routes of trays and boxes within the same room, open installation or structure, as well as at the points of their connection to electrical equipment. Cables must also be marked on the turns of the route and on its branches.
6.3.6 Laying wires and cables in steel pipes
6.3.6.12 At the end points of the wiring, wires and cables must be marked in accordance with the project.
6.3.8 Installation of auxiliary circuits
6.3.8.3 The devices should be marked before installation of auxiliary circuit wires according to the wiring diagram. If the installation is complicated, then, as an exception, it is possible to mark the devices after the installation is completed. The wires of the auxiliary circuits must not cover the marking places of the devices.
6.3.8.11 Wires and cores of control cables attached to assemblies (rows) of clamps must be marked in accordance with the diagrams. Control cables must be marked at the ends, at the points of branching and intersection of cable flows, when they pass through walls, ceilings, etc. The ends of the free cores of control cables must be insulated.
6.3.8.14 The tag is fixed on the cable below the cutting at a distance of not more than 50 mm with mounting tape, ties (clamps). The distance from the bandage on the cable to the tag should be no more than 20 mm.
The inscriptions on cable tags and on PVC pipes are recommended to be done on a cable printer.
6.3.8.15 The inscriptions on the PVC tag of each cable must contain on the front side:
- cable number;
- number of the cabinet of the beginning of the cable;
- cable end cabinet number;
on the back side:
- cable type;
- number of cable cores;
- cross-section of cable cores;
- length of cable.
The font size of the cable number should be two sizes larger than the font of other inscriptions.
6.3.8.21 Inscriptions on PVC tubes for marking the cores of control cables must contain:
- cable number;
- core number;
- cabinet terminal number, without specifying the terminal number.
The font size of the core number should be two sizes larger than the font of other inscriptions.
6.3.8.22 The marking of cable cores shall be placed in such a way that it is easy to read. It can be arranged in a column or in a line and read from top to bottom or from left to right.
6.4.8 Marking cable lines
6.4.8.1 Each cable line must be marked and have its own number or name in accordance with the design documentation.
6.4.8.2 Tags shall be installed on openly laid cables and on cable boxes.
On cables laid in cable structures, tags should be installed at least every 50 - 70 m, as well as in places where the direction of the route changes, on both sides of the passages through interfloor ceilings, walls and partitions, in places of input (output) of the cable in trenches and cable structures.
On hidden cables in pipes or blocks, tags should be installed at the end points at the end sleeves, in the wells and chambers of the block sewer, as well as at each coupling.
On hidden cables laid in trenches, tags are installed at the end points and at each coupling.
6.4.8.3 For cables with voltages above 1000 V, the tags must be round, for voltages up to 1000 V - square, for the control cable - triangular.
6.4.8.4 Tags should be used: in dry rooms - made of plastic, steel or aluminum; in damp rooms, outside buildings and in the ground - made of plastic.
Designations on tags for underground cables and cables laid in rooms with a chemically active environment should be made by stamping, punching or burning. For cables laid in other conditions, the designations may be applied with indelible paint.
6.4.8.5 The tags shall be fastened to the cables with buckles or mounting tape with a button.
6.4.8.6 When laying a cable line, it is recommended to install intelligent electronic markers along the route, including at the places where the cable line route turns, the location of the couplings and horizontal inclined drilling pits.

PTEEP "Rules technical operation electrical installations of consumers"

2.4.5. Each CL must have a passport, including the documentation specified in clause 2.4.2, dispatch number or name.
Openly laid cables, as well as all cable boxes, must be tagged; on cable tags at the beginning and end of the line, the brand, voltage, section, number or name of the line must be indicated; on the tags of the couplings - the number of the coupling, the date of installation.
Labels must be resistant to environmental influences. They should be located along the length of the line every 50 m on openly laid cables, as well as at the turns of the route and at the places where cables pass through fire-resistant partitions and ceilings (on both sides).

The differences between SNiP 3.05.06-85 and SP 76.13330.2016 in terms of cable marking are given in this article.

List of used regulatory and technical documentation:
1. PUE 6th edition
2. SP 76.13330.2016 "Electrical devices. Updated edition of SNiP 3.05.06-85"
3. PTEEP "Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations"

Hello! In this case, the conditions and procedure for granting a long vacation for up to one year to teachers of educational institutions, the founder of which is the Ministry of Education of Russia or in respect of which the Ministry of Education of Russia exercises the powers of the founder, are determined by the Regulation "On the procedure and conditions for granting teachers of educational institutions a long vacation for a period of up to one year", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated December 7, 2000 N 3570. The decision of the founder of the educational institution and the charter of the institution determines the granting of long leave to teachers of other educational institutions. Long leave may be granted to a teacher on the basis of his application and is issued by order. By order of the Ministry of Education of Russia, this leave is issued to the rector, director, head of the educational institution, head of the educational institution. Long leave can be granted to a teacher at any time. The condition for granting is that the leave does not negatively affect the activities of the educational institution. The sequence and time of granting a long vacation, its duration, joining the annual paid vacation, the possibility of payment from extra-budgetary funds and other issues are determined by the charter of the educational institution. Long leave for up to 1 year is provided subject to holding a teaching position in the relevant educational institution and in the presence of continuous teaching experience. However, the right to a long vacation, in accordance with Article 335 of the Labor Code, is not associated with a mandatory 10-year continuous teaching experience. The law provides for the frequency of granting long leave, determining it no more than after 10 years of continuous teaching work. And the Regulation "On the procedure and conditions for granting long-term leave to teachers of educational institutions for up to one year" clearly defines the presence of 10 years of experience as a prerequisite for granting such leave. The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, counts the time of work in state, municipal educational institutions and non-state educational institutions with state accreditation, in the positions and under the conditions provided for by the List attached to the said Regulation. The list consists of two groups of positions. The first group includes positions in which work is counted as continuous teaching experience, regardless of the amount of teaching work: professor, associate professor, senior lecturer, lecturer, assistant, teacher, teacher-defectologist, speech therapist, teacher-organizer (the basics of life safety, pre-conscription training), teacher of additional education, head of physical education, master of industrial training, senior trainer-teacher, trainer-teacher, accompanist, music director, educator. The second group is made up of positions, the time of work in which is counted in the length of continuous teaching work, provided that the teacher performs teaching work in each academic year in the positions indicated above (both with and without holding a full-time position) in the following volume: - at least 150 hours - in institutions of higher professional education and relevant additional professional education (advanced training) of specialists; - at least 240 hours - in institutions of primary and secondary vocational education and relevant additional education; at least 6 hours a week in general education and other educational institutions. The second group includes the following positions: - rector, director, head of an educational institution, head of an educational institution; - vice-rector, deputy director, deputy head of an educational institution, deputy head of an educational institution, whose activities are related to the educational process; - director, head of a branch of an educational institution; - head of a branch of an educational institution; - head master; - manager of educational facilities; - dean, deputy dean of the faculty; - head, deputy head of the department, doctoral studies, postgraduate studies, - department, sector; - head, deputy head of an office, laboratory, department, educational and consulting center, speech therapy center, boarding school at a general education institution; - scientific secretary of the academic council; - head (manager) of industrial practice; - Methodist; - instructor-methodologist; - senior methodologist; - senior educator; - class educator; - social teacher; - teacher-psychologist; - teacher-organizer; senior counselor; - labor instructor; - Instructor in Physical Education. The duration of continuous teaching experience can be established in accordance with the entries in the work book, as well as on the basis of other properly executed documents. The issues of calculating the length of service of continuous teaching work are considered by the administration of the educational institution in agreement with the trade union body. The experience of continuous teaching work, giving the right to a long vacation, counts: - actually worked time; - the time when the teacher did not actually work, but he retained his place of work (position) and wages in whole or in part (including the time of paid involuntary absenteeism in case of improper dismissal or transfer to another job and subsequent reinstatement at work); - the time when a pedagogical worker had an internship in paid teaching positions during the period of study in educational institutions of secondary and higher professional education, postgraduate and doctoral studies; - the time when the teacher did not actually work, but his job (position) was retained and he received state social insurance benefits, except for the time when the teacher was on partially paid leave and received childcare allowance until he reached one and a half years of age. As with the main vacation, for a teacher who falls ill during a long vacation, this vacation is extended by the number of days of incapacity for work certified by the sick leave, or, in agreement with the administration, is postponed to another period. At the same time, a long vacation is not extended or transferred if the pedagogical worker cared for a sick family member during the specified period.

Do you really need to eat every 2-3 hours? Find out how often you need to eat to gain muscle mass or lose weight and burn fat.

Often people take their nutrition program too seriously. Many people think that in order to boost your metabolism, you need to have many small meals, this will help you burn more fat. At the same time, fasting increases the breakdown of fats, so one meal per day may be sufficient. Where is the truth?

Myths about the benefits of rare meals

Infrequent and bulky meals lower insulin levels in the blood

There is an opinion that if you reduce the frequency of meals to one, the body will utilize more fat by lowering insulin levels. Diets that advocate infrequent eating often use this as their main argument.

However, this idea is wrong.– One meal a day does not lower blood insulin levels. It has been proven that from one meal a day, the level of insulin in the blood will be even higher than from two. 1

Rare and bulky foods promote the use of fat as energy

Another claimed benefit of infrequent meals (intermittent fasting) is increased fat burning.

However, a two-week study showed that intermittent fasting had no effect on lipolysis (the breakdown of adipose tissue).

There was also no effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins.

It turns out that infrequent meals do not have any magical effect on insulin levels, and even if they did, insulin levels are not an indicator of how fast fat is burned.

The truth about low-meal diets

When an athlete puts into practice nutritional principles such as intermittent fasting, eating only once a day, there is a fairly small change in weight loss. And in most cases, it is impossible to see progress at all.

For example, one study showed that even after 8 weeks, the effect of one meal a day on physical fitness is very small.

This approach only increased the feeling of hunger, and in the future people began to eat much more. 4 It doesn't suit us.

Science does not confirm that intermittent fasting is effective method get rid of excess fat. If changes occur, they are associated only with the fact that a person eats the amount of calories suitable for burning fat.

Myths about the benefits of frequent meals

Frequent eating speeds up metabolism

Probably everyone has heard that you need to eat every 2 hours to speed up your metabolism for enhanced fat burning. However, as with sparse meals, there is no direct correlation between meal frequency and fat oxidation.So if you want, you can eat small portions throughout the day, but if your goal is increased fat burning, then this is pointless.

Small portions are important for weight loss

We figured out the promotion of metabolism, now it's time to refute this myth. With the same calorie intake, smaller portions have no effect on weight loss.

Small portions help control hunger

At first glance, this seems logical: the more often you eat, the less hungry you feel. However, studies have shown that eating 6 small meals a day only increases the feeling of hunger compared to 3 meals a day.

Conclusion

It turns out that the frequency of meals does not have a tangible effect on fat burning. If you eat the required amount of calories and macronutrients, you can eat at least 1, at least 14 times a day. The result in weight loss will be about the same.

Frequency of meals in practice

If you're trying to lose weight, you'll find it easier to manage your calorie intake by reducing the number of meals you eat per day.

If you are trying to get bigger and stronger, it is advisable to eat more often.

For example, you need 4500 kilocalories per day for . It is much more convenient to make 6 meals of 750 kilocalories than to eat all 4500 kilocalories at a time.

Depending on your goals and lifestyle, you can have a few large meals or many small ones. Don't worry about how often you eat. Eating less than once every 2 hours will not slow down your metabolism or upset your nitrogen balance. Instead, it's better to focus on calories, macronutrients, and food quality.