Presentation on the topic: Animal and vegetable world Russia
The flora and fauna of Russia The flora and fauna of our country is very diverse. The appearance and composition of the flora and fauna of our country, as well as the entire planet, is determined by two main factors: physical and geographical differences between regions - different regimes of light, temperature and humidity, the nature of soils, relief features - and the geological history of the territory. Changes in the face of the Earth during geological evolution, its surface and climate, the appearance and disappearance of continental connections were the reason that the processes of speciation proceeded differently in different regions. In the placement of representatives of certain plant and animal species, patterns are traced, primarily due to latitudinal zonality and altitudinal zonality.
Natural zones of Russia Natural zoning is one of the main geographical patterns. On the territory of Russia, there is a change from north to south of the following natural zones: arctic deserts, tundra, forest-tundra, taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppes, steppes, semi-deserts.
Arctic deserts The Arctic desert zone is located on the islands of the Arctic Ocean and in the extreme north of the Taimyr Peninsula. A significant part of the surface here is covered with glaciers; winters are long and harsh, summers are short and cold. The average temperature of the warmest month is less than +4°C. Under such conditions, glaciers form. Large areas are occupied by stone placers. Soils are almost undeveloped. Vegetation on a surface free of ice and snow does not form a closed cover. These are cold deserts. The plants are dominated by mosses and lichens. Flowering plants are rare. Among the animals, marine animals predominate: birds and polar bears. On the rocky shores of summer m are placed noisy bird markets.
Forest Tundra Zone The forest tundra zone extends in a narrow strip along the southern border of the tundra zone. The average July temperature is +10...+14°C, the annual precipitation is 300-400 mm. The forest tundra is one of the most waterlogged natural zones. The forest-tundra is characterized by a combination of tundra and forest communities of plants and animals, as well as soils. Along the river valleys stretch strips of fairly tall forest. Places in open field grow potatoes, cabbage, turnips, radishes, lettuce, green onions. In winter, reindeer migrate to the forest-tundra for their winter pastures.
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The presentation on the topic "Plant and fauna of Russia" (grade 8) can be downloaded absolutely free of charge on our website. Project subject: Geography. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you keep your classmates or audience interested. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the appropriate text under the player. The presentation contains 19 slide(s).
Presentation slides
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Presentation of the theme "Plant and fauna of Russia". Geography. 8th grade
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Flora and fauna. biological resources. Protection of flora and fauna. Natural resource potential of Russia.
Flora and fauna.
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HOW ARE PLANTS DIFFERENT FROM ANIMALS? At first glance, this question is not difficult to answer. Any animal is significantly different from, for example, a tree. However, they also have a lot in common. It is often said that plants, unlike animals, do not move. It turns out that plants also move, only more slowly. In addition, there are sessile marine animals that move as slowly as plants. Plants are believed to be incapable of feeling. For example, they do not respond to touch. This is not true either. Mimosa leaves fold quickly when touched with a finger, and the pods of some plants shoot out seeds in response to a push. Not all plants have leaves and stems. On the other hand, there are insects whose shape resembles a dry stick or leaf.
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Features of the flora and fauna
Natural zone Adaptation to living conditions Typical representatives Protection of biological resources
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Along the coasts of the Arctic Ocean, the tundra stretches in a wide strip - an area without a forest with swamps, rivers and streams. The climate here is so harsh that tall trees cannot grow. A long frosty winter, lasting 9 months a year, is replaced by a short and cool summer. Due to low temperatures, the earth freezes, in summer only the topmost layer of soil has time to thaw, on which mosses, lichens, grasses, small shrubs - blueberries, cloudberries, lingonberries, as well as creeping dwarf willow and dwarf birch grow. Plants have adapted to such a harsh climate: as soon as summer comes, they begin to bloom hastily in order to have time to give fruits and seeds before the onset of cold weather. Ripe seeds wait out a long winter without freezing.
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Taiga is dense coniferous forests. They grow in the northern regions of Eurasia and North America where severe snowy winters and short summers. The taiga is famous for its spruce, pine, fir, cedar, larch - trees that have narrow and dense needles instead of leaves. Only these are also leaves that are not afraid of strong winds, and their dense leathery surface reliably protects from frost. But not only coniferous trees grow in the taiga, it is full of mushrooms and berries - blueberries, blueberries, cloudberries, lingonberries, blackberries, raspberries, and the taiga "floor" is lined with bright green velvety moss. Taiga animals have managed to adapt well to the long cold and severe frosts. To survive the harsh winter, the brown bear and some rodents hibernate. And such animals as elk, reindeer, possessing extraordinary endurance, are able to travel long distances in the most severe cold, to look for food under the snow. Their wide hooves allow them not to fall into deep snow and move with less effort.
Predators - lynx, wolf, fox - are also excellent stayers, in search of prey they can cover tens of kilometers.
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MIXED FORESTS
Mixed forests grow in temperate regions. Here the winter is not too cold, and the summer is warm. Precipitation falls throughout the year. Since the climate here is milder than in the taiga, in the mixed forest there are not only coniferous trees (pine, spruce), but also deciduous trees (birch, aspen, alder). The farther south, the warmer the winter, and the mixed forest gradually turns into deciduous. Oak, beech, maple, ash completely replace conifers. In autumn, the fallen leaves of trees form a dense carpet on the ground, which gradually rots. Therefore, in the zone of mixed forests, the soil is more fertile than in the taiga. Mixed and deciduous forests consist, as it were, of three tiers. Above - the crowns of trees, below - shrubs (raspberry, elderberry, mountain ash, hazel), below a variety of herbs, berries, mushrooms, ferns, horsetails, mosses. Mixed forests are an expanse for a wide variety of animals: bears, wolves, foxes, hares, hedgehogs, squirrels, wild boars, elks, field mice. The only problem is that the zones of mixed and deciduous forests have long been mastered and are very densely populated by people, so many inhabitants of these forests today can be seen more often in a zoo than in a forest. True, in recent years, many reserves and national parks have been created, where all this living creatures feel great.
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Who am I and in what tier of the forest do I live?
A characteristic feature of this detachment is small identical teeth. It was these teeth that the most ancient progenitors of all viviparous mammals had. With small styloid teeth it is convenient to grab worms, bite with larvae, crush the shells of beetles and snails. The prey of insectivorous mammals has not changed much over millions of years. Not surprisingly, their teeth remained the same - small and identical.
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To the south of the zone of mixed and deciduous forests, steppes begin - huge flat spaces overgrown with tall grasses. There are no trees in the steppe, because they lack moisture. The climate in the steppes is quite warm: hot, dry summers with rare rains and moderately cold, wet winters. Many plants begin to bloom in early spring, as soon as the snow melts, while it is still not very hot and there is enough moisture in the soil.
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very much in the steppe fertile soils- chernozems, so today almost all steppe territories have been turned into arable land, where a person grows many crops. The natural nature of the steppe has been preserved only in reserves. There are also ungulates in the steppe - antelopes, saigas. And in the steppes lives an unusual bustard bird, which prefers long-distance running to flight.
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Adaptation of steppe animals
The steppe has a rather rich fauna. Among the steppe animals there are many rodents digging deep holes, where the animals are saved from the summer heat and winter cold. These are gophers, hamsters, marmots, mole rats.
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Azonal plant communities do not form a continuous band: meadows and swamps. Of course, it is impossible and unnecessary to return the world to primitiveness. But a person must consider the consequences of any of his actions. They wanted to drain the swamp - check if it feeds the sources of the river. If you want to produce products - calculate how much waste there will be and how to get rid of them. A person should not live by the values of one day - rapaciously cut down a forest, sell it and live on this money where the grass is still green. Therefore, in most countries of the world, laws on environmental protection have been adopted.
Flora and fauna of Russia Flora of Russia
- The flora of Russia is one of the most important components of nature, which is represented by a combination of various plant communities growing on the territory of Russia. A wide variety of climatic conditions and soil cover, as well as the influence of past geological epochs and increasing human activity, causes the existence of many types of vegetation that have complex combinations with each other.
- For Russia, the following types of vegetation are most characteristic: tundra, forest, steppe, desert, meadow and marsh.
- Forests occupy 45% of the country's territory.
- Coniferous forests occupy about 80% of the forest area in Russia. They are divided into dark coniferous (spruce, fir, cedar) and light coniferous (pine, larch).
- Broad-leaved forests are common on the East European Plain, in the southern part of the Far East, in the lower parts of the Caucasus Mountains.
- In the steppes, communities of herbaceous plants grow that tolerate a lack of moisture in the soil. These are mainly feather grass, fescue, thin-legged, legumes, and there are many meadow plants.
- Economic activity man has greatly changed the natural vegetation cover of the steppes.
- In Russia, deserts are common only in the Caspian lowland. The plants of this zone are characterized by high drought resistance, they have a powerful root system, a small leaf surface area. Mainly different kinds wormwood and saltwort.
- In the meadows grow communities of herbaceous plants that develop under moderate moisture conditions. Almost all meadow plants are perennials.
- Communities of moisture-loving plants grow in swamps. This type includes mosses, shrubs, herbaceous plants and even some types of trees. Most of the swamps of Russia are located in Western Siberia.
- Tundra plants are formed with a lack of heat, so they are adapted to a short cool growing season, are perennials, have dwarf growth, and tend to reduce moisture evaporation (they have small leaves, strong pubescence, wax coating, etc.). Characteristic representatives of the tundra: green mosses, reindeer moss, cowberry, crowberry, partridge grass, cassiopeia, dwarf birch, polar willows, polar poppy, arctic bluegrass and others.
- The tundra zone covers about 10% of the territory of Russia. In addition to deer (used local population on the farm), typical inhabitants of the tundra are arctic fox, musk ox, lemming, snowy owl, partridge, loon.
- The fauna of the Tundra is poor in the number of species. Only a few of them have adapted to the existence in harsh winter conditions and do not leave the tundra all year round. These are lemmings, white hare, arctic fox, wolf, white partridge, snowy owl. Reindeer in winter, the tundra migrates to the forest-tundra, where the winds are not so strong, so the snow is less dense and it is easier to get reindeer moss from under it.
- Taiga is the most extensive natural zone of Russia, it accounts for over 60% of the area of Russia. Fur-bearing animals are widespread within the taiga - sable, squirrel, marten, ermine, chipmunk; inhabited by elk, brown bear, wolverine, wolf, muskrat, lynx.
- Roe deer, wolf, marten, fox and squirrel are characteristic. The fauna of the Far Eastern mixed forests is rich and peculiar - the Amur tiger lives here, dappled deer, raccoon dog, Manchurian hare, Far Eastern forest cat, pheasant, mandarin duck, etc.; very diverse insects.
- The length of the steppe from north to south in European Russia is about 20,000 km. Representatives of the steppe fauna are distinguished by their adaptability to an arid climate; characteristic are various types of rodents (marmot, ground squirrel, etc.), steppe wolf, fox and antelope (in the south), manula (in the steppes and forest-steppes of Siberia), steppe viper, saiga. The most common birds are the steppe eagle, kestrel, lark, gray partridge; bustards once typical of the steppe are quite rare.
- These natural zones occupy a small part of the territory of Russia and are located within the Caspian lowland. The fauna here is adapted to the dry continental climate. The jerboa, corsac, pelican, turtle, eared hedgehog live here; snakes and lizards are varied. Of the birds there is a lark.
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Adaptations of animals in the desert They have a general grayish-yellow or brown coloration similar to the color of the sands. Can long time do without water and food, some do not drink at all (they have enough moisture from plants) Some during the day, in the heat, sleep in burrows, and are active at night. Nests are arranged mainly in the ground, and not on its surface, they run fast. In some animals, large ears are pierced by a network of tiny blood vessels, and the wind blowing over these ears cools the blood washing around them. Eared Hedgehog Yellow Gopher
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Expand and deepen your understanding of common features flora and fauna of Russia Consider the types of natural zones in Russia, the patterns of distribution of representatives of flora and fauna on the territory of Russia, Identify features of adaptation to the environment The purpose of the lesson
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The history of the formation of the territory Natural conditions: differences in the regime of light, temperature, humidity, soil nature, relief) Human economic activity When you click on the book icon, two tips open
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1. The history of the formation of the territory Both plants and animals carry in their appearance and distribution features inherited from the distant past. Desert-steppe groups of plants and animals came to us from Central Asia. North American conifers penetrated from Alaska to the Far East. The specific features of our Far Eastern flora are combined with the originality of the Manchurian-Chinese fauna. The flora and fauna of Russia was greatly influenced by the Quaternary glaciation. Manchurian walnut
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Plants and animals are perfectly adapted to the natural conditions of their area. Trees in the forests, grasses in the steppes, dwarf and crooked forests in the tundra are all examples of the ideal adaptation of plants to their environment. Differ in appearance and adaptability to the same conditions of animals - flying, running, climbing, swimming. In the placement of representatives of certain plant and animal species, patterns are traced, due to latitudinal zonality and altitudinal zonality. 2. Natural conditions
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Why do natural zones in Russia change from north to south? Using a map, list the natural areas of our country. What adaptations of plants and animals do you know? What is it connected with?
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On the territory of Russia, there is a change from north to south of the following natural zones: arctic deserts, tundra, forest tundra, taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests, forest-steppes, steppes, semi-deserts, subtropical forests
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Organic World of Russia Plants Animals 18,000 species 130,000 species of which up to 90,000 species of insects 1450 710 350 160 Classes of vertebrates fish birds mammals amphibians 13500 500 grasses trees
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Indeed, animals are also located in the closest unity with plant communities: mammals, birds, reptiles, insects. Each species of animals, as well as plants, adapts to certain living conditions. Animals find sources of existence in the Arctic desert, and in the tundra, and in the sands, and on the plains, and in the mountains.
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The Arctic Desert The Arctic is called silent, dull, harsh, but it is also said that it is hospitable and charmingly beautiful. But only those who understand and know a lot about the Russian north can see its beauty.
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Flora of the Arctic deserts harsh conditions few living organisms have adapted to the Arctic deserts. Vegetation on a surface free of ice and snow does not form a closed cover. These are cold deserts. The plants are dominated by mosses and lichens. Extremely rare, but there are some types of flowering plants: polar poppy, buttercup, saxifrage. Kukushkin flax Polar poppy Saxifrage Lichen
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Adaptations of plants in the Arctic Grow in places protected from the wind Low-growing, often creeping on the surface Cushion-shaped plants (allows warming up by the sun's rays) Using summer round-the-clock lighting, they manage to germinate from the seed, bloom and form seeds in a short time
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Animal world of the Arctic deserts The animal world is also scarce. Those fed by the sea predominate: walruses, seals, polar bears, etc. Noisy bird colonies are located on the rocky shores in summer. Walrus Seal Bird market Polar bear
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Adaptations of animals in the Arctic White color Food only in the sea, so they all swim well There are no plants on land, so animals are mostly predators Protection from the cold - thick fur, thick skin and a layer of fat; birds have loose plumage Birds are migratory, bird colonies come to life only in spring, when the ice moves away from the coast Belek seal White owl
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Tundra Tundra is the realm of cold, snow, piercing wind, permafrost, snowstorms and snowstorms.
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Tundra Vegetation The first thing that catches your eye in the tundra is the absence of trees familiar to us. An endless plain stretches from horizon to horizon. Mosses, lichens and shrubs predominate. All plants prefer to huddle to the ground, hide behind each other, escaping from the icy wind. Even trees - dwarf birch and willow - almost do not rise above the grass. There are no annual plants - summer is too short for them .. Characteristic representatives of the tundra are: moss moss lichen, green mosses, lingonberries, crowberry, partridge grass, cassiopeia, arctic bluegrass, etc. Cassiopeia Lingonberry Crowberry Partridge grass
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Adaptations of plants in the tundra Plants are perennial Undersized, creeping along the ground Small leaves are often rolled up, covered with hair, have a wax coating Roots are located close to the surface Many plants in flowering state tolerate frosts Bright color of flowers attracts insects Dwarf birch
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Animal world of the tundra The animal world is poor in the number of species. Only a few of them have adapted to the existence in harsh winter conditions and do not leave the tundra all year round. These are lemmings, a white hare, a wolf, a white partridge, a snowy owl. One of the most common animals are foxes. In winter, they roam along rivers and sea coasts, and some go into the ice of the Arctic Ocean. Foxes are predators. Their main food is lemmings. ptarmigan Reindeer Arctic fox Lemming
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Adaptations of animals in the tundra Light-colored fur in animals and plumage in birds Accumulation of a layer of subcutaneous fat Thick fur in animals, warm fluff in birds Insulation of limbs for the winter: polar foxes have warm insoles, birds have pubescent paws Winter hibernation Seasonal migrations Equipment for raking snow Reindeer - wide hooves, wandering in search of pastures Hare - white hare
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The forest zone occupies more than half of the territory of Russia. The forests of Russia are diverse in species composition and by number tree species. There is a gloomy dark coniferous taiga, and bright sunny pine forests, and majestic oak forests, and white-trunked birch forests, and unique mixed forests, and tall larch taiga. forest zone
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Taiga The word "taiga" from the language of many northern peoples means mountains covered with forests. By taiga, we mean a special kind of forest, namely coniferous. Taiga occupies about 80% of the forest area of Russia. It can consist of spruce, fir, pine, cedar, larch.
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Coniferous forests are diverse and change with distance from the ocean. The taiga vegetation of Russia is represented by dark coniferous forests of spruce and fir in the north, taiga cedar-larch forests in Siberia Taiga flora Spruce Cedar Pine
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Adaptations of plants in the taiga Taiga forests are usually formed by one layer of trees (since there is little light), under which there is a moss cover with lingonberry and blueberry shrubs and rare herbs. Almost all conifers are evergreen and thanks to the needles they can produce food all year round. Powerful roots Leaves are turned into needles with a waxy skin, which does not allow the needles to dry out. Some coniferous plants (larch) have adapted to shed their needles for the winter. Larch
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Fauna of the taiga Of the mammals in the taiga are widely distributed: elk, musk deer, squirrel, flying squirrel, chipmunk, white hare, brown bear, lynx, Siberian weasel, ermine, weasel. Typical taiga birds are capercaillie, Ural owl, hawk owl, boreal owl, three-toed woodpecker, cuckoo, nutcracker, bullfinch, white-winged crossbill and crossbill. There are also reptiles in the taiga - an ordinary viper and a viviparous lizard, and only one four-toed newt is widespread among amphibians. Lynx Weasel Tawny Owl
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Adaptations of animals in the taiga Store food for the winter Many animals grow thicker fur in winter and a protective coloration appears. Some animals arrange temporary dwellings in the snow. The hare, lynx and wolverine have wide paws. Capercaillie and hazel grouse have fingers trimmed with a horn-like fringe (it grows and helps birds to stay on icy tree branches.) Bears and chipmunks hibernate for the winter and live off fat reserves.
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Broad-leaved forest Broad-leaved forests grow in conditions of mild winters and long summers. These are the most species-rich forests. Since broad-leaved forests are very demanding on climatic conditions, they grow only in the European part of Russia.
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Flora of a broad-leaved forest In a deciduous forest, five tiers and more can be distinguished. The upper, first tier, is formed by tall trees - oak, linden, birch, elm. In the second tier there are trees of the second size - mountain ash, bird cherry, willow, wild apple tree. The third tier of the forest consists of shrubs forming an undergrowth - common hazel, honeysuckle, buckthorn, euonymus. The fourth tier of the forest consists of tall grasses - chistets, boron, wrestlers. The fifth tier of the forest is represented by lower grasses - goutweed, sedge, prolestenka, etc. The sixth tier - mosses, mushrooms, lichens. Bird cherry Elm Linden
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Adaptations of plants in a broad-leaved forest In a deciduous forest, five tiers and more can be distinguished. The adaptation of deciduous trees to the change of seasons is leaf fall.
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Fauna of deciduous forests The most common animals in deciduous forests are: lynx, forest cat, brown bear, marten, polecat, mink, weasel, squirrel, several species of dormouse. Birds are especially numerous here: woodpeckers, wood pigeon, oriole, chaffinch, forest lark, tits, black and song thrushes, nightingale, robin. Often found in broad-leaved forests are green and viviparous lizards, spindles, copperheads and common vipers, and from amphibians - grass and moor frogs and tree frogs. Oriole Spindle Mink Brown bear
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Animal adaptations in a deciduous forest Forests are characterized by a tiered distribution of animals. Relatively high density of land animals (deer, wild boars, etc.), many birds. Of the birds, insectivorous and granivorous predominate here. They hide in nests, hollows and burrows. In winter, cold-blooded animals (insects, amphibians, reptiles) fall into a state of suspended animation life processes) Of the birds and mammals, some migrate to warmer regions, others hibernate, and only a few are active all year round. Squirrel Ferret
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Flora of the steppes There are no trees in the steppe, because they lack moisture. Typical steppe plants are turf grasses with narrow leaves: feather grass, fescue, thin-legged. Along with them, forbs are always present in the composition of the steppe communities. Iris Tipchak Tonkonog
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Plant adaptations in the steppe. Annuals predominate. Some of them - tulips, irises - bloom in the spring, until the summer heat sets in and there is enough moisture in the soil. Many cereals form a powerful root system that absorbs melt and rain water and retains it for a long time. They tolerate severe drought due to very narrow leaves that evaporate little moisture. Many plants protect themselves from the sun's rays with the help of pubescence. Stipa Tulip
Scenario of a geography lesson on the topic "Plant and fauna of Russia"
Author: Galina Vladimirovna Krasikova, teacher of geography, MBOU "Bellykskaya secondary school" of the Krasnoturansky district of the Krasnoyarsk TerritoryLesson type: a lesson in the discovery of new knowledge.
The purpose of the lesson: to create conditions for the formation of ideas about the causes of diversity, features and patterns of distribution of the flora and fauna of the country.
Planned personal results: awareness of the integrity of the nature of Russia, its geographical space as a single habitat for living organisms
Planned meta-subject results: set a cognitive task under the guidance of a teacher; use textual and cartographic sources of information; extract the necessary information from the text and translate it into a symbolic, tabular form and vice versa; establish causal relationships; are active in interaction to solve communicative and cognitive tasks, plan their activities under the guidance of a teacher and independently; work in accordance with the task; compare the results obtained with the expected ones
Planned subject results: students will learn: to explain the reasons for the species diversity of flora and fauna; name the main types of vegetation in Russia, describe their characteristic features; explain the dependence of the characteristics of the flora and fauna of the natural community on its geographical location on the territory of Russia, give examples; students will have the opportunity to learn: to identify the features of the adaptability of living organisms to the climatic conditions of the territory
During the classes
Stage 1. Motivation to learning activitiesTeacher activity: welcomes students, checks their readiness for the lesson. Offers to pay attention to the board Slide 1
- Here are photographs of paintings by great Russian artists. Remember their names and authors.
Opens titles and authors on slide 1
- What do you think inspired the artists on these works of art?
- And why did I start the lesson with these pictures?
Corrects the wording of the topic, opens slide 2, suggests writing down the topic in notebooks.
Student activities: look at the photo, express their assumptions. Formulate the topic of the lesson. Write down the topic in notebooks.
Stage 2. Actualization of knowledge and fixation of an individual difficulty in a trial learning activity
Teacher activity: demonstrates slide 3 and offers to complete the task: insert the missing words into the text:
The following natural zones are located on the territory of Russia: arctic deserts, ______________, mixed and broad-leaved forests, taiga, ________, deserts and semi-deserts. The largest natural area in our country is ____. A characteristic feature of the tundra vegetation is _____. Of the large ungulates in the steppes, ____ are the most common.
Student activities: individually perform the task (with a pencil), identify difficulties, formulate a problem.
Stage 3. Building a project for getting out of difficulties. Statement of the learning task
Teacher activity: organizes a conversation on the questions: - What needs to be done in the lesson to solve the identified problem? - What tasks will we set for ourselves today? - What skills do we need to complete the tasks?
Student activities: Suggest ways to solve the problem. Formulate the goals and objectives of the lesson. They are called skills.
Stage 4. Implementation of the constructed project
Teacher activity: organizes a conversation on the following questions: - Do you think that the vegetation cover and the composition of the animal world are the same throughout our country? And why? What does it depend on? - Think about what continents and countries the flora and fauna of Russia is similar to? Why? - In your opinion, what influences the nature of the natural complex of the territory more - plants or animals?
Offers to complete test tasks (slide 4), working with the map in groups. Sources of information: textbook maps pp. 108,110, Atlas maps "Vegetation", "Natural areas and their inhabitants".
Organizes discussion and self-examination of the test according to the standard (slide 5).
Student activities: answer the questions posed, reason, establish causal relationships, compare the features of the nature of Russia with other territories.
Work in groups with a map, perform test tasks.
They take part in the discussion, perform self-examination according to the standard, fill out the assessment sheets.
They take part in the discussion, together with the teacher determine the list of characteristics.
Teacher activity: proposes to consider the features of the flora and fauna of each of the natural zones: arctic deserts and tundra; taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests; steppe; semi-deserts and deserts. Facilitates a discussion about what characteristics should be reflected.
Summarizing the discussion, shows slide 6.
Offers sources of information: textbook pp. 107-111, Atlas maps "Vegetation", "Natural areas and their inhabitants". The result of the activity must be presented in the form of a logical reference abstract or mind maps.
Student activities: choose an object of study, with the help of Appendix No. 2, remember the requirements for reference notes and mind maps, determine the form of the product, work in a group.
Stage 5. Primary consolidation with pronunciation in external speech
Teacher activity: organizes the presentation and discussion of the received products. Clarifies and supplements the information provided, if necessary. In the course of the presentation, the groups offer to fill in the table (slide 7). Characteristics of the natural zones of Russia. The first line is filled in frontally, the rest - independently.
Organizes the evaluation of the results of the activities of groups and each student.
Student activities: give a description natural areas using a logical reference summary or mind map.
Fill in the table in notebooks. Ask clarifying questions.
Together with the teacher, groups are evaluated in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 2. Discussing in a group, they put points on the assessment sheets for each student based on the mark given to the group.
Stage 6. Inclusion in the knowledge system and repetition
Teacher activities: organizes discussion and mutual verification of filling in the table. Demonstrates the criteria (slide 8) for cross-checking the table.
He suggests returning to the texts (Appendix No. 2), which caused difficulties at the beginning of the lesson. Organizes individual work students and self-assessment.
Invites the groups to exchange assessment sheets, calculate the number of points scored by each and set the final mark using the criteria (slide 10).
Student activities: exchange notebooks within the group, check and evaluate the table according to the criteria. Putting points on the evaluation sheets.
Perform the task (with a pen), carry out self-checking according to the standard. Fill out assessment sheets. They exchange sheets, count the number of points and set the final mark
Stage 7. Reflection of educational activities in the lesson
Teacher activity: opens slide 11, organizes reflection by receiving a cloud of "tags" that need to be supplemented orally.
Student activities reflect their activities.
Stage 8. Homework
Teacher sets d / z: study item 20, compose a cinquain or crossword puzzle (at least 7 words) on the topic of the lesson of your choice. students write down d / z.
Presentation on the topic: Flora and fauna of Russia
Layout of the house, plans of houses and cottages
Small Business - Home Production Ideas
History of JANOME. Sewing machines. Janome, Veritas, Pfaff Sewing machine janome manufacturer country
Working with the tattis system
Properties of copper and its application