Composition "Creativity and work".
By work, I mean the activity that is necessary to obtain any benefits. It is common for people to plan their actions, improve the work process, develop unique technologies and simplify manufacturing. All this is required to achieve your goals.
The manifestation of ingenuity
If in manufacturing process to regularly contribute something new, you can avoid the routine, turning work into creativity. Man is engaged own development and provokes progress by finding unusual ways to solve existing problems.
I believe that work and creativity exist inseparably from each other. With their help, a person is able to receive the benefits necessary for himself. To best understand their connection, one can compare the work of an artisan and a talented craftsman. The first creates clay bowls every day, constantly repeating the same steps. He does not seek to make his work creative, but performs tasks of the same type. A talented master, on the contrary, will not be able to do boring work, but will approach it in a creative way. Such a person will want to improve the bowls, making the dishes more convenient to use. Also, his bowls will surely be decorated with various patterns, which will turn them into a real work of art. Of course, making such a bowl will take him more time than an artisan bowl, but he will end up with a unique product as a result. Such things are valuable from an artistic and practical point of view. Thus, a creative craftsman and a craftsman, creating dishes, make completely different objects.
I am one of those people who would not be able to do the same type of work every day. I try in Everyday life more often show their ingenuity and imagination. Over time, you begin to notice that life changes in better side if you approach it creatively. It is important to note that society is not able to develop without a creative approach, so you should take an original approach to doing your job.
In addition, work in which you show your enthusiasm and bring something new is done with great pleasure. I cannot imagine my life without creativity, as it occupies a very important place and allows me to reveal myself from the best side.
4th grade students present their collective project “Labor is the basis of our life”.
Work, like life, has always existed. Work and life are inseparable concepts. As long as a person lives, he works! We were wondering if this is really true?
The theme of our project “Work is the foundation of our life.”
In this regard, we have set ourselves the goal: explore meaningwork in the lives of students in our class.
Problem : Why should a person work?
Hypotheses :
Let's assume that work is important in a person's life.
If a person works hard, he will achieve a lot in life.
Research stages:
Find the meaning of the word in the explanatory dictionarywork .
Learn from encyclopedias when human labor arose.
Find proverbs about work.
Conduct a survey and find out the attitude to the work of their classmates.
Analyze the importance of intellectual work in the life of a student.
Gather information about household chores.
Interview parents to find out what advice they could give their children.
In the essays of classmates, find statements that you liked.
We began our study with the interpretation of the word labor.
In the explanatory dictionary, the word labor means:
Expedient activity aimed at creating material and spiritual values.For example, brainwork, physical work.
Labor is work or occupation.For example, hard work, getting rewarded for work.
Labor is an effort directed towards achieving something.Example: You can’t even catch a fish from a pond without difficulty.
The next question is: when and why did labor arise?
Labor first appeared in antiquity. Most of the time of primitive people went in search of food. The oldest people They ate what nature gave them. Meat was obtained by men on the hunt. To hide from the weather, people built huts for themselves.
In the library we found proverbs about work, folk wisdom reads:
Whoever works hard will not go hungry.
Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils.
Skill and work will grind everything.
A bird is recognized in flight, and a person at work.
Without labor, there will be no joy.
The mirror of a man is his work.
Learning is not only exciting, it is also a process that requires a lot of effort and work on each person. Teaching can and should bring a lot of joy! We conducted a survey among the students of our class and found out at what moments they experience the joy of learning.
Joy is experienced by 65% of students when they cope with a difficult task.
When homework is not assigned, only 5% of students are happy.
Good grades are 100% happy.
When a teacher talks about something interesting and unusual, 90% experience joy.
85% are happy when they complete tasks in which they need to come up with unusual solutions.
100% of the students are very happy when they understood what they could not understand before.
100% of the students in our class are convinced that in order to study well, you need to work hard.
To be successful in life, you need to work hard. The opinion of 100% of the students in our class.
This is our fourth year main work is a teaching.
Can teaching be fun? Maybe! We are convinced that if you start doing SOMETHING, you need to do IT well.
The main goal of our teaching: the ability to learn with love, the ability to engage in any business with passion, the ability to seek and find interest in any activity. A person can learn to work with passion!
Can everyone academic subjects to be interesting at school?
They can! It is easier for each person to get carried away with ONE objects, and in order to fall in love with OTHERS, certain efforts are required. We accustom ourselves to treat all subjects creatively, enthusiastically, with respect.
Is it possible to develop intellectual abilities IN SCHOOL? Can!
In the lessons we learn to think, acquire and apply knowledge, think carefully about decisions and clearly plan our actions..
We are very happy with our victories in school competitions. And we are looking forward to the subject weeks to test and replenish our knowledge.
In extracurricular activities, we develop creative activity and cognitive abilities.
We have learned to create projects. For 3 years we have already created many projects and creative works. We defend our projects in the classroom, at school scientific and practical conferences.
And also we present our works on the Site "First of September". Festival of research and creative works "Student Portfolio".
From the 1st grade, we are happy to participate in distance Olympiads. We receive not only good result, but also develop our mind, ingenuity, diligence, independence and responsibility.
We are actively involved in research activities. Participating in All-Russian competition"Student of the Year", we created 10 research papers.
Our research work receive RECOGNITION at district and regional competitions.
We firmly believe that learning with passion is the first step towards a future RESPONSIBLE, SERIOUS LIFE, full of meaning and joy.
The next step in our research. After analyzing our school day, week, year, we came to the conclusion that in addition to educational work, we are involved in the labor affairs of our class, school. We are engaged in creativity in extracurricular activities, take care of indoor flowers, we maintain order in the classroom, participate in subbotniks, landscaping the area around the school.
We also work at home, all the students in our class have household chores that we are happy to handle.
During the interview, our parents advised:
Respect people's work!
Watch adults as they do their work. Take an example!
Every job needs to be done from start to finish.
The main thing in work is to be patient.
Find yourself a passion, a hobby. For example, sewing, needlework, embroidery, etc. This develops patience.
Set a house chore for yourself.
Plan your day. Do not forget to leave space for household chores in your daily routine.
Alternate work and rest.
Don't take on jobs that are too much for you.
If something doesn't work, ask for help.
Working hard is always helpful!
We were interested in the opinion of our classmates about work. Here's what they think:
Bedelov Imam believes: "Labor is the main thing in a person's life."
According to Rusova Vika: "Every person should work."
Motherland Violetta believes: "Any work must be valued and respected, because the fruit of human labor is the sweetest of all works."
Here is the opinion of Uvarova Ariana: "You need to work honestly and conscientiously."
Diana Filatova remarked: “When you work with love and desire, it brings joy. The key to longevity in work.
Vershkova Alisa rightly believes: "Work allows a person to achieve their goals, become successful and happy."
Eisfeld Vanya says this: “In our time, in order to live well, one must work well and hard.”
During the study, we came to the conclusion:
If to your work treat in good faith, responsibly, make an effort of will, patience, perseverance, then you will definitely get a result.
The hypothesis that work is important in our lives has been confirmed.
We are sure that if a person works hard, he will achieve a lot in life.
Thank you for your attention!
We wish you all health and creative success!
According to the definition of A. Marshall, labor is "any mental and physical effort undertaken in part or in whole in order to achieve any result, not counting the satisfaction received directly from the work done itself" (highlighted by the author - B. G.) [ Marshall. S. 124]. Noting that in this definition he follows Jevons, who referred to work as "only painful efforts", Marshall emphasizes that "most people work much more than if they worked only because of the direct satisfaction received from work" [ Ibid.]. Illustrating this idea, he writes further that the peasant works in the garden mainly to obtain a material result, "but a rich man who does the same work, although he can be proud of the fact that he does it well, is probably of little interest in getting from this money-saving work" [Ibid.].
Modern writers characterize labor in much the same way as Marshall and Jevons. For example, V. Inozemtsev believes that labor is an activity performed "under the direct or indirect influence of external material necessity" [Inozemtsev. S. 15].
Emphasizing the painful, forced side of labor is primarily due to the fact that for thousands of years material wealth was the result of the efforts of the lower strata of society (slaves, serfs, the proletariat), who worked 12-15 hours a day for meager remuneration. Science and art until the 18th century. mainly aristocrats, clergymen, children of merchants, etc. could be engaged.
In India, elements of the caste system are still preserved, in which representatives of the highest caste - the Brahmins (in particular, Indira Gandhi belonged to it) are engaged in spiritual and intellectual activities, and those who belong to the lower caste by birth can only engage in the least attractive and heavy types of labor. It is no coincidence that in many languages (including all Slavic) the words "labor" and "difficult", "work" and "slave" have common roots2. According to the well-known definition of Aristotle, "a slave is an animated tool, and a tool is an inanimate slave" (Quoted from: [Weber. S. 294]).
From the middle of the XIX century. class division of labor in Europe and North America begins to change due to the first industrial revolution, as well as social revolutions and reforms in France, Germany and other countries. Welfare rises as a result of productivity growth and social transformation employees working hours are shortened, opportunities for education and change of activities are expanding. The role of science, art and technical progress in the life of society.
These processes over the past 150-200 years have fundamentally changed the structure of the GDP of developed countries in material, sectoral and professional aspects. The structure of the population has also changed. If in the last century more than 2/3 of the population of England, France, Germany were workers and peasants, at present their share does not exceed 1/3. The predominant part of the population of developed countries are engineers, scientists, doctors, teachers, cultural figures, entrepreneurs, etc. As calculations show (see Section 3.3), it is precisely those who are primarily engaged in creativity, the creation of something new, that make the greatest contribution to increase in the national wealth of developed countries.
The results of creative activity depend on the abilities for this type of creativity, as well as on a number of psychological and social factors: enthusiasm for work, its importance, conditions, etc. Creative work that is carried out by inspiration is the most effective. No one could express the essence of this psychological state better than A. S. Pushkin. Features of creative activity in science and art are considered in the works of A. Poincaré, J. Parandovsky and others.
For those who are given creative abilities, the process of creativity itself is
most enjoyable part of life. However, creativity is not only pleasure, but also very hard work. Brilliant ideas and images are prepared by days, and sometimes years of persistent search and reflection. As V. Mayakovsky wrote, "poetry is the same extraction of radium; in a gram of extraction, in a year of work, you exhaust a single word for the sake of a thousand tons of verbal ore." The phrase " work time"For a scientist, writer, composer, it does not make sense. Ideas and images can appear at any time, including in a dream. Science and art classes determine not so much a profession as a way of life.
The concepts of "work" and "creativity" are often opposed. So, V. Inozemtsev writes: "The most fundamental motive of creative activity is the desire of an individual to realize himself in a free activity independent of external material conditions" (highlighted by the author - B. G.) [Inozemtsev. S. 18]. This motive undoubtedly exists, but it can rarely be realized and, more importantly, does not reflect the essence and meaning of creativity.
The nature of the creative process is unknown to us. It is very likely that it is best expressed in the words of Haydn: "It's not from me, it's from above!" [Parandovsky. S. 105]. So the composer expressed his delight at the birth of one of the melodies of the oratorio "Creation of the World". The meaning of Haydn's exclamation is close to what Plato wrote a millennium earlier in the dialogue "Feast":
"-...Geniuses are a cross between a god and a mortal.
What is their purpose?
To be interpreters and mediators between people
and the gods, dwelling in the middle, they fill the gap
between the one and the other, so that the Universe is connected by an internal connection" [Plato. S. IZ].
Biographies of prominent scientists (I. Newton, A. Poincaré, A. Einstein, D. I. Mendeleev, etc.) indicate that the intuitive side of creativity in science is not important.
less than art. Moments of the birth of fundamentally new scientific ideas can be accompanied by states close to religious ecstasy [Poincaré].
The great physician, philosopher, poet Avicenna (Abu Ali Ibn Sina), who lived in 980-1037, devoted the following lines to creativity.
"It's hard for us to get away from worldly worries, But Eternity is comprehended only by the one Who at least one step leaves the familiar path And paves the way, different from others." (Highlighted by the author - B. G.; cited by: [Chechin].)
As can be seen from the above characteristics of creativity, its goal is not so much self-expression as the creation of new ideas, images, methods, ideas, etc. And this goal has never been and in the foreseeable future cannot be "independent of external material conditions", especially in science, technology, medicine and other fields. Thus, the fruits of creativity of scientists, inventors, artists, writers, artists in developed countries make up a significant part of the national wealth. Works of science and art are actively involved in economic exchange. Pushkin expressed this with an aphorism: "Inspiration is not for sale, but you can sell a manuscript."
Thus, in the economic aspect, creativity should be recognized as one of the types of labor, which, of course, has its own psychological features(Like any other kind of work).
As well as various types creativity an important role in the development of civilization is played by activities aimed at the spiritual improvement of man. In this area, lifestyle is even more important than in science and art.
Modern economic theory pays more and more attention to a comprehensive study of the cost of human time, including providing material wealth, study, education of children, rest. In particular, the upbringing of children in the family is an example of socially useful work, which, on the one hand, brings a lot of
joy, and on the other hand, it requires significant efforts, which in one way or another must be compensated by society.
Between those who are engaged in material production, in science, art, the spiritual sphere, there is a direct or indirect exchange of results of activity both through the system of markets and through state and public organizations, i.e., all the types of labor considered in one way or another participate in economic exchange, which establishes the degree of their usefulness for different people and periods of time
From the considered ideas about the nature and types of labor, it follows that when analyzing the concept of "labor", it is necessary to distinguish two main aspects: content and motives. The first is the development of man and the production of goods, the second is the motives that encourage a person to work.
Thus, the following definition can be given:
Labor is an activity aimed at human development and the transformation of natural resources into material, intellectual and spiritual benefits * Such activities can be carried out either under coercion (administrative, economic), or by internal motivation, or both.
As for the satisfaction received from the labor process, which is stipulated in the above definition of Marshall, it significantly depends on the share of creativity in this type of activity, its goals, conditions for implementation, and also on individual characteristics worker. The more satisfaction a person receives from the labor process, the more benefits both the enterprise and society under normal social conditions.
MUNICIPAL BUDGET GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL №7
VYAZMA, SMOLENSK REGION
PROJECT
SOCIAL STUDIES
5 class A
SUBJECT:
"Work and creativity are the basis of life"
PROJECT MANAGER SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHER
Rumyantseva Iraida Alekseevna.
2016-2017 academic
Project content
Introduction.
Main part of the project:
1.Theoretical part.
2. Practical part. The work of creative groups.
III . Conclusion.
Summing up the work.
Grading.
IV . Bibliography.
v. Appendix.
Introduction.
1.Updating the project.
The project "Labor and creativity - the basis of life" is aimed at studying the role labor activity and creativity in the life of every person and society as a whole.
During the search and creative work children find information about the role of labor in different periods of the life of human society, their families, study the professions of their parents, talk about their participation in household. They also work with the text of the textbook, analyze tables, diagrams, solve logical problems, make their own mini projects.
2.Goals of the project :
1. To create conditions for revealing the role and significance of labor in human life, to form ideas about the essence of human activity in the process of creativity, to cultivate a culture of work and a respectful attitude towards it.
2. To instill interest in the science of social science.
3. Replenish the active vocabulary of children when selecting information.
4. Compose a product project activities- a guide to the topic "Labor and creativity is the basis life."
Project objectives:
1. To study the literature on the history of labor, professions, on the importance of labor activity in the life of every person.
2. Compile a selection of drawings, photographs about professions, including the professions of parents.
3. Draw conclusions.
Planned results:
Upon completion of the project, students will acquire the following skills:
Personal:
Apply the rules of business cooperation;
Compare different points of view;
Assess their own learning activities;
Express a positive attitude towards the process of cognition;
Understand the need for learning, expressed in the predominance of educational and cognitive motives and the preference for a social way of assessing knowledge;
Assess life situations
Regulatory:
Independently formulate the objectives of the lesson after a preliminary discussion;
Accept and save the learning task;
Independently identify and formulate the goal;
Make a plan and sequence of actions;
Predict the results of the level of assimilation of the studied material.
Cognitive:
Search for the necessary information;
Recognize objects and their concepts, identify essential features; build reasoning and summarize the information received;
They independently search for the necessary information from the materials of the textbook, from the teacher's story, build reasoning and summarize the information received.
Communicative:
Express their own opinion;
Listen to each other, build understandable speech statements;
They are active in interaction to solve communicative and cognitive tasks;
Ask questions, ask for help
Formulate their difficulties;
Offer help and cooperation.
5.Project type : research.
6. Type of project : short-term, single-subject, group.
7. Terms of project implementation: 2 weeks
The main part of the project.
Stage 1. Motivation for learning activities.
Stage 2. Knowledge update.
1. Discussion of the epigraph for the lesson. (Appendix 1)
2. Conversation on questions.
Stage 3. Practical-activity
1. Presentation "Labor and creativity".
2. Acquaintance with the parable "Two rich men" by I.S. Turgenev (Appendix 2)
3. Conversation "Work and creativity are the basis of life."
4. Work with the scheme "Biographies and works of great artists" (Appendix 3)
5. Work with the textbook, pp. 26-29.
6. Work with the heading "Art Gallery" and "Journey to the Past".
7. Introduction to different types labor and interesting professions of great people.
Stage 4. Project design.
Systematization of the selected material
Creation of the reference book "Work and creativity - the basis of life"
Design consultation family tree and essay writing.
Stage 5.Project protection. Evaluation of results.
Our projects
"Work and creativity are the basis of life."
It is customary to call labor not every work. Labor is a human activity that requires knowledge and skills. Labor is not aimless. It always brings results. Labor gives a person everything necessary for life: food, clothing, household items, housing, etc.
For a conscientious worker, it is important not only what he does, but also how he does it. Work varies in content and complexity. Not every person can work as a doctor, programmer, postman. This requires certain knowledge and skills. Such work is called difficult, for example, an engineer. He deals with sophisticated technology, appliances.
Man learns to work. He can only do what he has learned, and only as well as he has mastered his craft. Therefore, it is necessary to study a lot, to acquire knowledge, to achieve everything new and new. And this is creativity.
Creativity distinguishes the activities of many people - scientists, writers, artists, musicians and many, many others.
PROJECT EVALUATION SHEET
MBOU SOSH №7 5CLASS "A"
Project name « Labor and creativity are the basis of life”
Criteria: 1. Ability to independently acquire knowledge and solve problems.2. Formation of subject knowledge and methods of action
3. Formation of regulatory actions
4. Formation of communicative actions
IV . Used Books.
1. Bogolyubov L.N. , Ivanova L.F. Social science., M., "Enlightenment", 2013.
2Domashek E.V. , School reference book on social studies (Text) .- Rostov n \ D .: Foniks, 2010
3. Electronic resource. Presentation "Labor and creativity".- Access mode: http // www . en / detail _1761. html ;
III. Conclusion.
Stage 6. Control.
Analysis of the results of the project.
Evaluation of the quality of project implementation.
Appendix
Appendix 1.
The breeze asked as it flew by:
Why are you, rye, golden?
And in response, the ears rustle:
Golden hands are raising us!
E. Serova
What kind of person can be said to have golden hands?
Appendix 2
When in my presence they extol the rich Rothschild, who, out of his enormous income, devotes whole thousands to the upbringing of children, to the treatment of the sick, to the care of the old, I praise and am touched. But, both praising and touching, I cannot help but recall one wretched peasant family that adopted an orphan niece into their ruined little house.
Let's take Katya, - the woman said, - our last pennies will go to her, and there will be nothing to get salt, to salt the stew.
And we have her ... and not salty, - answered the man, her husband.
Rothschild is far from this guy.
I.S. Turgenev.
Appendix 3
Biographies and works of great artists
V. M. Vasnetsov.
Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov lived a long, beautiful and difficult life. One of the most famous Russian artistsXIXcentury, he knew enthusiastic admiration and coldly restrained, to the point of complete rejection, attitude towards his work, huge success and sharp, bordering on blasphemy, criticism of his work. He was called "a true hero of Russian painting."
Viktor Vasnetsov was born in the Vyatka region on May 15 (according to the new style), 1848, in the family of a village priest Mikhail Vasilyevich Vasnetsov. Mother, Apollinaria Ivanovna, gave birth to six sons, of which Victor was the second. In the house of the Vasnetsovs, the ways of rural and urban life coexisted. In terms of the material conditions of life of the large Vasnetsov family, it rather resembled the life of a middle peasant. At the same time, Mikhail Vasilyevich, himself a well-educated person, tried to give children a versatile education, to develop inquisitiveness and observation in them. The family read scientific journals, painted, painted with watercolors. Here the early artistic inclinations of the future painter received their first recognition. The motives of his first full-scale sketches were rural landscapes, scenes from village life.
In 1858, he went to study in Vyatka - first at a theological school, then at a theological seminary: the children of priests were admitted there free of charge. Victor spent nine years in Vyatka, but did not feel the need to serve the church. He devotes more and more time to drawing. On Sundays he goes to the city, to the market, to draw “types”, studies characters. His seminar notebooks are full of sketches from memory.
A few years later, he succeeded so much in drawing and painting that he was invited as an assistant to decorate the Vyatka Cathedral. Then, in 1866-1867, he made seventy-five drawings on the themes of Russian folk proverbs and sayings for the "Collection of Russian Proverbs" by ethnographer Nikolai Trapitsin. In them, he simply and accurately displayed the features of the rural life of the Vyatka region. Although the book did not come out, Vasnetsov carefully preserved the drawings. In 1912 they were published in a luxurious album called "Russian proverbs and sayings in the drawings of V. M. Vasnetsov."
In August 1867, with the blessing of his father, Viktor Vasnetsov left the seminary a year and a half before graduation and went to St. Petersburg to enter the Academy of Arts.
The first year Vasnetsov did not study at the Academy due to a misunderstanding: after passing the exams, he did not understand that he had been accepted. In the winter of 1867-1868, he studied at the School of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, where Ivan Kramskoy taught, who later became his friend and adviser. Started at next year studying at the Academy, Vasnetsov met Repin, communication with whom grew into a strong friendship, became close to Arkhip Kuindzhi, Vasily Maximov, Vasily Polenov, Vasily Surikov, Mark Antokolsky, the Prakhov brothers. Close friendly communication with them was of great importance for the development of the young artist.
Vasnetsov had a peculiarity that more than once surprised the people around him. He could simultaneously perform a wide variety of seemingly incompatible tasks. So, in the midst of hard work on the murals of the Vladimir Cathedral, he found time to reflect on the huge canvas “Bogatyrs”, which he brought with him from Moscow to Kyiv, and to work on the painting “Ivan Tsarevich on gray wolf”, which he showed in 1889 at the exhibition of the Association of the Wanderers in St. Petersburg; performed theatrical sketches and made book illustrations, not to mention the numerous landscapes and portraits painted by him during the years of “sitting in Kyiv”.
“An amazing worker”, “a great clever man and a wise man”, Vasnetsov, who passionately searched for an aesthetic and moral ideal in the national character of the Russian people, in its spiritual traditions, managed to carry his “creed” through all creativity, persistently introducing it into the consciousness of modern society, into surrounding life. He found a lively response from his contemporaries. They called him "pioneers". And as a pioneer, whose work is transitional, combining different elements, Vasnetsov evoked conflicting feelings and assessments among his contemporaries - bewilderment and delight, sharp criticism and admiration, but he never left anyone indifferent, he was always the subject of reflection and debate. “Your work,” Sergei Diaghilev, a well-known figure in the World of Art, wrote to him, “and his assessment for many years has been the most disturbing, most burning and most unresolved place in the disputes of our circle.” And he said to the artist: “Of the entire generation of our fathers, you are closer to us than all the rest ...”
The work was done by a student of grade 5A
Petrova Elvira.
M.A. Vrubel.
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel was born on March 5, 1856 in Omsk. Vrubel's father, Alexander Mikhailovich, was a Pole, an officer, who served in the Omsk fortress from 1853 to 1856. Mother, Anna Grigorievna, nee Basargin, a relative of the Decembrist N.V. Basargin, died when the boy was 3 years old. The house in which the Vrubels lived in Omsk has not been preserved: it was located at the intersection of Novaya (Chkalov St.) and K. Marx Ave (Artilleriyskaya St.). In 1859, Vrubel's father was transferred to Astrakhan, followed by frequent moves associated with his official travels. Vrubel's childhood and youth were spent in St. Petersburg (here he studied at the drawing school of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts), in Saratov, and Odessa. After graduating from the Odessa classical gymnasium in 1874, he entered the law faculty of St. Petersburg University. After graduating from the university and having served his military service, he served as a lawyer in the Main Military Administration. In the autumn of 1880, Vrubel began to attend an evening class at the Academy of Arts with P. P. Chistyakov, together with Serov, took watercolor lessons from I. E. Repin.
Vrubel had the gift to discover in any fragment of nature, "a whole world of endlessly harmonizing wonderful details." He saw nature as a precious mosaic of particles.
In the 80s XIXcentury, Vrubel was introduced to the artistic heritage of Russia and Byzantium. In 1884, at the invitation of Professor A.V. Prakhov, he participated in the restoration of murals and frescoes in the St. Cyril's Church in Kyiv, created a number of compositions on its walls, the most complex of which are “The Descent of the Holy Spirit” and “Tomb Lament”. In 1887 he was entrusted with the execution of frescoes for the Vladimir Cathedral in Kyiv. The sketches presented by Vrubel “Tombstone Lamentation” and “Sunday”, “Angel with a Censer and a Candle” (Kyiv, Museum of Russian Art) and others with their strict solemn composition, melodiousness of the drawing speak of a deep creative perception of ancient Russian and Byzantine monumental art. In their coloring, in the whole pictorial system, the drama, expression and spirituality of the images are expressed, which did not prevent the church commission from recognizing them as satisfactory due to the lack of religiosity.
In 1889, Vrubel moved to Moscow, met S.I. Mamontov and members of his circle, which included famous artists V.A. Serov, I.I. Levitan, K.A. Korovin, V. M. Vasnetsov. During this period of his life, he created a significant number of works, performed illustrations for the works of M. Yu. Lermontov and A. S. Pushkin.
All the retreats into the world of realities in which Mikhail Alexandrovich Vrubel lived and worked help us to comprehend the fate of this amazing artist in a more voluminous and more accurate way, to understand the full depth of his most beautiful works.
“The Swan Princess”. deep meaning laid down in just a few words. The charm of native nature, the proud and tender sincerity of a fabulous bird girl. Arcane charms yet subjugated evil sorcery. Loyalty and firmness of true love. Might and eternal force of good. All these features are combined into a wonderful image, marvelous for its unfading freshness and that special majestic beauty inherent in folk tales.
What a gift one had to have in order to embody this pure and chaste image into a picture!
Tell the language of painting about a dream, about the incredible. This could be done only by a great artist who has comprehended the beauty of Russia.
“Wings are native soil and life,” Mikhail Vrubel wrote, and in another address to a close friend, he exclaimed: “How much beauty we have in Russia ... And you know what is at the head of this beauty - a form that has been created by nature forever . And without references to the code of international aesthetics, but infinitely expensive because it is the bearer of a soul that will open up to you alone and tell you yours.”
So, very few are given to realize the depth of the most intimate in art, and Vrubel was able to write a masterpiece of our school because he loved the Fatherland, the people, and beauty.
“The Swan Princess”. In the very depths of your soul, the princess's wide-open charming eyes look. She seems to see everything. Therefore, perhaps, sable eyebrows are raised so sadly and a little in surprise, lips are closed. She looks like she's about to say something, but she's silent.
The turquoise, blue, emerald semi-precious stones of the patterned crown-kokoshnik flicker, and it seems that this tremulous radiance merges with the reflection of the dawn on the crests of the sea waves and, with its ghostly light, seems to envelop the delicate features of a pale face, makes the rustling folds of a half-air white veil held from the breath come to life wind girl's hand.
Mother-of-pearl, pearly light is emitted by huge snow-white, but warm wings. Behind the back of the Swan Princess, the sea is worried. We can almost hear the measured sound of the surf on the rocks of the miracle island, shining with crimson, scarlet friendly magical lights. Far, far away, at the very edge of the sea, where it meets the sky, the rays of the sun broke through the gray clouds and lit up the pink edge of the evening dawn ...
Here is the magical shimmer of pearls and precious stones, the thrill of dawn and the glare of the flames of the island's lights and creates that fabulous atmosphere that permeates the picture, makes it possible to feel the harmony of high poetry that sounds in a folk legend. Incredible goodness is poured into the canvas. Maybe sometimes only the slight rustle of wings and the splash of waves break the silence. But how much hidden song in this silence. There is no action, no gesture in the picture. Peace reigns.
Everything seems to be enchanted. But you hear, you hear the living heartbeat of the Russian fairy tale, you are as if captivated by the gaze of the princess and ready to endlessly look into her sad kind eyes, admire her charming, sweet face, beautiful and mysterious.
The artist captivated us with the magic of his magical muse. And we, the inhabitantsXXIcentury, for a moment we find ourselves in an unknown realm of dreams. The painter-sorcerer makes us forget about the skepticism inherent in our attitude towards miracles, and with the powerful hand of a genius strengthens in our hearts a sense of faith in goodness, beauty.
Vrubel passed away on April 1, 1910 in St. Petersburg. He was solemnly buried by the Academy of Arts, a speech over the grave was delivered by Alexander Blok: “... Vrubel has something different, like all geniuses, because they are not only artists, but already prophets. Vrubel shocks us, because in his work we see how the blue night hesitates and hesitates to win, anticipating, perhaps, its coming defeat.” With these prophetic words, Russia said goodbye to Vrubel, and together with the passing eraXIX centuries.
Vrubel left more than 200 works. Among them are portraits, paintings, decorative panels, illustrations, sketches of theatrical curtains, sculptural works, building projects, striking in scope and breadth of creative range. His art today continues to “wake the soul about the little things of everyday life with majestic images.”
The work was done by a student of grade 5A
Vasiliev Alexander.
Labor and creativity are associated with human activity aimed at achieving a certain result. Let us analyze whether these processes communicate with each other and how labor differs from creativity.
Definition
Work- an activity consciously performed by a person in order to satisfy needs. Labor contributes to the transformation of natural objects into the desired product by changing these objects, using their properties. At the same time, the use of man-made tools is of great importance.
Creation- an activity that allows you to produce something completely new (material or spiritual), helping to solve a specific problem or capable of satisfying any needs. The direction that studies creativity is called heuristics.
Comparison
The two processes under consideration are in rather complex relationships with each other. And speaking about the difference between labor and creativity, it should be noted that labor can both exist independently and be a component of creativity.
Labor as an independent phenomenon is necessary for human life. It may be a routine process, without which nevertheless it is impossible to do. At the same time, one must understand that labor provides the satisfaction of needs indirectly, indirectly. For example, eating in itself is not labor. Finding food and preparing it is hard work.
As an element of creativity, labor is necessary but not sufficient. Another component here is inspiration. The creator invests in his work his own capabilities, which are not limited to labor operations. As a result, a valuable product is born, which did not exist before, unique. And if you create the same initial situation for another author, the product will be different, depending on what aspects of the personality will be expressed in this case.
Let us dwell on one more point regarding the difference between labor and creativity. Ordinary labor is rarely voluntary. As a rule, this is a forced action that requires certain efforts, energy costs. And although the result is undoubtedly pleasing, the process itself often becomes tedious. Moreover, labor is forced when the desires of a person are not taken into account at all (for example, slavery).
Creativity is often an outlet for the individual (hence the love for various hobbies associated with the manufacture of something). A person gets pleasure already in the process itself. Work, supplemented by inspiration, becomes exciting, easy, interesting.
Creativity can make a person happy. In addition, it can bring considerable joy to other people who can somehow use the result. It is the creativity necessary condition for personal development and growth.
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