Download presentation on fuel and energy complex. Presentation on the topic "fuel and energy complex of Russia". Fuel and Energy Complex is Russia's Leading Interindustry Complex

14.03.2020

The presentation examines the composition of the fuel and energy complex. The role, significance and problems of the complex are formulated. Connections with other intersectoral complexes are shown. The concept of "fuel and energy balance" is revealed

View document content
"Presentation for the lesson "Fuel and Energy Complex of Russia""

Lesson plan 1. Composition of the fuel and energy complex 2. Significance of the fuel and energy complex 3. Fuel and energy balance 4. Problems of the fuel and energy complex

Fuel and energy complex- a set of industries related to the production and distribution of energy

The composition of the fuel and energy complex

Fuel

Power industry

Oil

Oil production

Oil refining

Coal

As of 2009 Russia

1st in oil and gas production

3rd in coal mining

(after USA and China)

4th in terms of electricity production

(after USA, China, Japan)

Importance of FEC

The fuel and energy complex is the basic industry that produces more than 30% of the total Russian industrial output and the main industry of Russia's specialization in the world market;

The export of energy resources provides more than 65% of all foreign exchange earnings to the state budget;

Region-forming role of fuel and energy industries: a powerful industry is being formed near energy sources;

The fuel and energy complex is not only based on its own fuel and energy resources, but also provides a number of industries with these resources.

Communication of the fuel and energy complex with other industries

Chemical

industry

metallurgy

Transport

structure

Structure of fuel and energy production

Transportation of electricity to the consumer

Power generation

Fuel extraction and processing enterprises

Fuel and energy balance

This is the ratio of prey different types fuel and generated electricity (income) and their use in the national economy (expenditure)

Incoming part of the fuel and energy unit

Expendable part of the thermopile

Fuel import

Balance at the end of the year

Energy generation from various kinds fuel

Fuel extraction

Balance at the end of the year

Household and technological needs

Power generation

Calorific value of various types of fuel

Type of fuel

Calorific value

1 kg of oil

11 thousand calories

1 kg coal

7 thousand calories

1 kg brown coal

up to 3.5 thousand calories

1 kg of peat, shale, firewood

up to 3 thousand calories

1 cu. m of natural gas

9 thousand calories

Problems of the fuel and energy complex

1. Uneven distribution of fuel and energy resources across the country.

2. Pollution environment

Conclusion

In the conditions of the transitional economy in Russia, the fuel and energy complex remains the most stable industry and industry of specialization in the world market, which means it is the base in the country's economy

slide 1

Topic: Fuel and energy complex of Russia

Training questions The structure of the fuel and energy complex. The value of the fuel and energy complex in the Russian economy. Structure of fuel and energy production in Russia. Fuel industry of Russia: coal, oil, gas. The current level of development of the fuel and energy complex. By regions of Russia. Features of the electric power industry in Russia. 7. Structure of electricity production in Russia. Literature: Geography of Russia. Population and economy.: textbook, Dronov V.P. - M.: Drofa, 2010. 2. Statistical Review of World Energy 2010 (http://www.bp.com) 3. "Industry of Russia", 2010 (http://www.gks.ru) 4. www .minenergo.gov.ru

slide 2

1. The fuel and energy complex (FEC) is a complex intersectoral system of extraction and processing of fuel for the production of electricity, their distribution, transportation and delivery to the consumer. It includes the fuel industry and the electric power industry.

slide 3

Structure of the fuel and energy complex

slide 4

2. The fuel and energy complex is the leading intersectoral complex in Russia, it provides 30% of GDP (as of 2009). Fuel and energy products are Russia's main export item (about 66% in 2009) and provide a significant part of foreign exchange earnings. In addition, the fuel and energy complex ensures the development of other sectors of the country's economy, providing them with fuel and energy.

slide 5

3. Structure of fuel and energy production in Russia in 2009

For comparison (worldwide): oil-34.1 coal-29.6 gas - 26.5 HPP-5.2 NPP-4.6

slide 6

4. Fuel industry of Russia

Oil industry

Gas industry

coal industry

uranium industry

Others (oil shale, peat)

Slide 7

Peculiarities coal industry Russia

Russia ranks 2nd in the world in terms of explored coal reserves Russia ranks 6th in coal production (2009); 71% of the coal mined in Russia is hard and 29% is brown; Russia is one of largest exporters coal (6th place); ¾ of the coal mined for own consumption is used as fuel at thermal power plants, and ¼ - as technological raw materials in the chemical industry and fuel in metallurgy The main disadvantage of coal deposits in Russia is their uneven distribution across the country

Slide 8

European part 18%

Urals 7% Siberia 64% Far East 12%

Territorial distribution of coal reserves in Russia

Slide 9

Dynamics of change production capacity and coal production volumes

Slide 10

Distribution of coal production by basins in 2009

slide 11

Peculiarities coal basins Russia

The Kuznetsk basin is located in the Kemerovo region. Coal is mined here High Quality. This pool requires large investments, since most of the mines built during the years of the pre-war five-year plans need to be reconstructed. 42% of coal here is mined in an open way. The main disadvantage of this basin is its considerable remoteness from the main areas of consumption.

The Kansk-Achinsk basin is located near the Kuznetsk basin in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Brown coal is mined here. This is one of the youngest areas of coal mining. Coal is mined here in an open way, so its cost is the lowest in Russia. However, the quality of coal is quite low (40% ash, a lot of sulfur) and its transportation is inefficient, coal from this basin is used locally as fuel for thermal power plants.

The Pechora basin is located in the north of the Komi Republic, in the region of Vorkuta. High quality coal. This basin began to be actively developed during the years of the Great Patriotic War, after the capture of Donbass by fascist troops. Currently, its share in coal production is constantly decreasing. The main reason for this is the high cost of production (mining + difficult climatic conditions). In addition, this basin is quite remote from the main consumers, so the consumption of its coal is mainly limited to the European North of Russia.

slide 12

Irkutsk (Cheremkhovo basin) began to develop even before the revolution to supply fuel to steam locomotives of the Trans-Siberian Railway. open way 4.5% of Russian coal is mined here. The cost of coal is quite low. The significance of this basin is great for supplying thermal power plants and boiler houses in Eastern Siberia.

The South Yakut basin has rich reserves of coking coal. About 4% of the country's coal is mined here, a significant part of which is exported to Japan.

The Donetsk basin is mostly located in Ukraine, and the smaller part is in Russia, in the west of the Rostov region. This Russian coal basin produces about 2% of high quality coal, although the coal is deposited in deep and thin seams.

Coal mining in the Moscow Basin (Tula region) is of local and decreasing importance (0.5%), since the quality of coal is low

slide 13

Subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in coal mining

Slide 14

Peculiarities oil industry Russia

In terms of proven oil reserves (more than 10 billion tons in 2009), Russia ranks sixth in the world. Currently, Russia ranks first in oil production (494 million tons in 2009), ahead of Saudi Arabia Russia ranks first in oil exports (more than 300 million tons per year)

slide 15

Dynamics of oil production in Russia

slide 16

Distribution of oil production by basins

Slide 17

The subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in oil production

Slide 18

Features of the Russian oil refining industry

Refineries are located mainly in areas of consumption. The main disadvantage of the oil refining industry is high level concentration. There are 26 refineries in Russia, of which 20 are located in the European part. Although it's pretty large enterprises(average capacity is 12 million tons per year) and in terms of their total capacity (300 million tons per year) they can fully meet the needs of Russia, but they are often far removed from the consumer. For comparison: there are 190 refineries in the USA with an average capacity of 3-5 million tons per year

Slide 19

Features of the Russian gas industry

Russia ranks first in the world in terms of gas reserves, production and export; 93.7% of produced gas is natural, 6.3% is associated oil. There are about 700 explored gas fields in Russia Among the consumers of Russian gas, the share of countries of Foreign Europe is growing most rapidly, the share of CIS countries is decreasing

Slide 20

Dynamics of gas production in Russia

slide 21

Distribution of gas production by regions

slide 22

Subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in gas production

slide 23

5. Subjects of the Russian Federation - leaders in the fuel industry

Tyumen region - 51% Tatarstan - 7.4% Bashkortostan - 5.4% Kemerovo region - 4.2%

slide 24

Economic regions are leaders in the fuel industry

West Siberian - 56.4% Urals - 13.5% Volga - 12.8% Northern - 4.3% Central - 4.3% (mainly due to the processing industry, the fuel industry is not an industry of specialization district)

Structure of the Fuel and Energy Complex.
The value of the fuel and energy complex in the Russian economy.
Structure of fuel and energy production in Russia.
Fuel industry of Russia: coal, oil, gas.
The current level of development of the fuel and energy complex. By regions of Russia.
Features of the electric power industry in Russia.
The structure of electricity production in Russia.

Literature:

Geography of Russia. Population and economy.: textbook, Dronov V.P. – M.: Bustard, 2010.
Statistical Review of World Energy 2010
"Industry of Russia", 2010

slide 2

1. Fuel and energy complex (FEC)

is a complex intersectoral system of extraction and processing of fuel for the production of electricity, their distribution, transportation and delivery to the consumer. It includes the fuel industry and the electric power industry.

slide 3

Structure of the fuel and energy complex

slide 4

2. Fuel and Energy Complex is Russia's Leading Interindustry Complex

it provides 30% of GDP (in 2009). Fuel and energy products are Russia's main export item (about 66% in 2009) and provide a significant part of foreign exchange earnings. In addition, the fuel and energy complex ensures the development of other sectors of the country's economy, providing them with fuel and energy.

slide 5

3. Structure of fuel and energy production in Russia in 2009

For comparison (worldwide): oil-34.1 coal-29.6 gas - 26.5 HPP-5.2 NPP-4.6

slide 6

4. Fuel industry of Russia

Oil industry
Gas industry
coal industry
uranium industry
Others (oil shale, peat)

Slide 7

Features of the Russian coal industry

Russia ranks second in the world in terms of explored coal reserves
Russia ranks 6th in coal production (2009);
71% of the coal mined in Russia is hard and 29% is brown;
Russia is one of the largest exporters of coal (6th place);
¾ of the coal mined for own consumption is used as fuel in thermal power plants, and ¼ is used as technological raw material in the chemical industry and fuel in metallurgy
The main disadvantage of coal deposits in Russia is their uneven distribution across the country.

Slide 8

European part 18%
Ural 7%
Siberia 64%
Far East 12%
Territorial distribution of coal reserves in Russia

Slide 9

Dynamics of changes in production capacities and volumes of coal production

Slide 10

Distribution of coal production by basins in 2009

slide 11

Features of coal basins in Russia

The Kuznetsk basin is located in the Kemerovo region. High quality coal is mined here. This pool requires large investments, since most of the mines built during the years of the pre-war five-year plans need to be reconstructed. 42% of coal here is mined in an open way. The main disadvantage of this basin is its considerable remoteness from the main areas of consumption.
The Kansk-Achinsk basin is located near the Kuznetsk basin in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Brown coal is mined here. This is one of the youngest areas of coal mining. Coal is mined here in an open way, so its cost is the lowest in Russia. However, the quality of coal is quite low (40% ash, a lot of sulfur) and its transportation is inefficient, coal from this basin is used locally as fuel for thermal power plants.
The Pechora basin is located in the north of the Komi Republic, in the region of Vorkuta. High quality coal. This basin began to be actively developed during the Great Patriotic War, after the capture of the Donbass by the fascist troops. Currently, its share in coal production is constantly decreasing. The main reason for this is the high cost of production (mining + difficult climatic conditions). In addition, this basin is quite remote from the main consumers, so the consumption of its coal is mainly limited to the European North of Russia.

slide 12

Irkutsk (Cheremkhovo basin) began to develop even before the revolution to supply fuel to steam locomotives of the Trans-Siberian Railway. 4.5% of Russian coal is mined here by open pit mining. The cost of coal is quite low. The significance of this basin is great for supplying thermal power plants and boiler houses in Eastern Siberia.
The South Yakut basin has rich reserves of coking coal. About 4% of the country's coal is mined here, a significant part of which is exported to Japan.
The Donetsk basin is mostly located in Ukraine, and the smaller part is in Russia, in the west of the Rostov region. This Russian coal basin yields about 2% of high quality coal, although the coal is deposited in deep and thin seams.
Coal mining in the Moscow Basin (Tula region) is of local and decreasing importance (0.5%), since the quality of coal is low

slide 13

Subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in coal mining

Slide 14

Features of the Russian oil industry

In terms of proven oil reserves (more than 10 billion tons in 2009), Russia ranks sixth in the world. Currently, Russia ranks first in oil production (494 million tons in 2009), ahead of Saudi Arabia
Russia ranks first in oil exports (more than 300 million tons per year)

slide 15

Dynamics of oil production in Russia

slide 16

Distribution of oil production by basins

Slide 17

The subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in oil production

Slide 18

Features of the Russian oil refining industry

Refineries are located mainly in consumption areas
The main disadvantage of the oil refining industry is the high level of concentration. There are 26 refineries in Russia, of which 20 are located in the European part. Although these are quite large enterprises (average capacity 12 million tons per year) and in terms of their total capacity (300 million tons per year) they can fully meet the needs of Russia, but they are often far removed from the consumer. For comparison: there are 190 refineries in the USA with an average capacity of 3-5 million tons per year

Slide 19

Features of the Russian gas industry

Russia ranks first in the world in terms of gas reserves, production and export;
93.7% of produced gas is natural, 6.3% is associated oil.
There are about 700 explored gas fields in Russia
Among consumers of Russian gas, the share of countries of Foreign Europe is growing most rapidly, the share of CIS countries is decreasing

Slide 20

Dynamics of gas production in Russia

slide 21

Distribution of gas production by regions

slide 22

Subjects of the Russian Federation are leaders in gas production

slide 23

5. Subjects of the Russian Federation - leaders in the fuel industry

Tyumen region - 51%
Tatarstan - 7.4%
Bashkortostan - 5.4%
Kemerovo region - 4.2%

slide 24

Economic regions are leaders in the fuel industry

West Siberian - 56.4%
Uralic - 13.5%
Volga region - 12.8%
Northern - 4.3%
Central - 4.3% (mainly due to the processing industry, the fuel industry is not a branch of specialization of the region)

Presentations for lessons

Lesson development (lesson notes)

Main general education

Line UMK V. P. Dronov. Geography (Wind rose) (5-9)

Attention! The site administration rosuchebnik.ru is not responsible for the content methodological developments, as well as for compliance with the development of the Federal State Educational Standard.

Goals:

methodical: show activation techniques cognitive activity students through the creation of a learning environment aimed at developing the skills and abilities of students to independently acquire knowledge;
educational: study of the features of the formation and development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia, changes in the structure of the complex over periods of time; the main directions of development at the present time;
educational: education of ecological culture, cognitive activity, feelings of patriotism, environmental literacy
developing: to develop cognitive interest in the subject through the solution of creative tasks, the ability to independently work with problematic issues on the topic being studied.

Lesson type: obtaining new knowledge.

Equipment: Customs E.A., Tolkunova S.G. "Geography. Economy. Regions", Moscow, IC "VENTANA-GRAF" 2013, outline of the lesson, map of the Russian Federation, notebooks, multimedia disk on geography for grade 9, presentation on the topic, atlases on geography for grade 9, diagrams on the topic under study .

Methodological goal of the lesson: to show the methods of enhancing the cognitive activity of students through the creation of a learning environment aimed at developing the skills and abilities of students to independently acquire knowledge.

The course of the lesson and its main parameters

The beginning of the lesson - checking the readiness of the class for the lesson, checking the personnel and the report of the duty officer.

The first stage of the lesson: defining the goals and objectives of the lesson - writing the topic in a notebook based on the presentation. Step by step work with the topic of the lesson: an explanation of the need to use abbreviations and a discussion of the epigraph in relation to the topic of the lesson.

Working with the first slide - defining the concept of fuel and energy complex, working with a textbook and finding the main components in the definition. Polling those wishing to speak on this issue and determining the degree of its understanding.

Creating a problem situation for the first part of the studied material. Answers to questions about the role of the fuel and energy complex using a textbook. Argumentation of answers with reference to available sources of knowledge from various sources.

Slide "The role of the fuel and energy complex in modern Russia"

Does it depend on him?
Why is the fuel and energy complex the main supplier of currency to the state budget?
What is the share of the fuel and energy complex in Russia's exports?
How does the fuel and energy complex of Russia differ from the fuel and energy complex of most countries of the world?

Summing up the answers, comments on individual provisions. Search for a connection with the studied sections of history and the current economic situation in Russia.

Slide "Composition of the fuel and energy complex of Russia"

Work with the drawing in the textbook and on the presentation slide. The main thing in the work is the definition of the main components of the complex. It is necessary to single out three parts and indicate their mutual dependence. Students work at the board with a slide. The main elements of the fuel and energy complex and their interdependence with each other are indicated.

The next slide serves to reinforce the studied section and check understanding.

Slide "Main types of produced fuel by industry"

Particular attention during the work is paid to the location of the branches of the fuel industry. Such a situation must be substantiated based on factual data from a textbook or other sources of knowledge.

Slide "Fuel and energy balance"

The transition to the next slide begins with an understanding of the term "balance". Students need to give an example using scales or other weighted measuring instruments. In the course of work, we turn to the textbook and find that the definition implies at least two components. Students are asked to identify them (income and expenditure). A problematic task is posed: what types of TEB can be. The results obtained are recorded in notebooks.

The slide "Types of thermopile" is built in such a way that the first type of balance is known, and the rest must be formulated based on the first type of thermopile.

Creating a problem situation using a slide. Regarding point “B”, the question arises: why is this type of balance very unstable? The problem is discussed by departments and a verdict is made on the correct option.

The last question in the slide is built on associative links: why is the color black? How can one prove that Russia's fuel and energy balance is really negative and how does this affect the consumption of the product and the Russian economy as a whole?

Preparatory stage for the next slide. Link to the fact that knowledge of history and physics will help you in solving these issues.

What was the main fuel at the beginning of the 19th century and why? What type of fuel became the main one in Russia in the second half of the 19th century? Justify your answer.
What caused the rapid development of the oil industry?
What hindered the development of the gas industry until the middle of the 20th century?

The answers must include examples from physics and history: engines and their types; the beginning of the industrial revolution in Russia; the reforms of Witte and Stolypin; pad railway to the Far East; Russia's defeat in the arms race during the Crimean War, etc.

The oil industry - a premise to the epigraph - the internal combustion engine and the discovery of oil fields in the Caspian. Problems in development gas industry are explained in the difficulties of a technical nature during extraction and transportation, which became possible with the improvement of the material and technical base of the industry.

Slide "Conventional fuel (c.f.)"

Students are invited to find in the textbook the definition of the concept of "conditional fuel".

By definition of its content, a problematic question is proposed: what mineral and why was taken as the basis of standard fuel? After listening to the answers, we vote on who turned out to be right in their answers. We determine the indicators that have become the criteria: heat transfer - 7000 kcal, methods of fuel extraction and role in the history of the development of the fuel industry. Using interdisciplinary connections and examples from biology, we answer the question of how many calories a person needs to consume per day for a normal existence. What are the main substances in human food and fuels - carbon and its components.

Fuel calorie slide

One of the students indicates what kind of fuel is the equivalent of c.e. Once again, we recall why, nevertheless, coal is the basis of the concept and definition of conventional fuel. It is proposed to recall what combustible minerals are available in the Ulyanovsk region, and what events influenced their formation in this area. On the screen - a physical map of the Ulyanovsk region with an indication of mineral deposits and their types.

The most important issue of studying the material will be the discussion of the problems of the development of the fuel and energy complex through its state. Question work.

Extraction and production of energy is becoming more expensive. Explain why?
Rising transportation costs. How can you explain this phenomenon?
How are ecology and the development of the fuel and energy complex related?

Students should understand that such an important industry is at a disadvantage. All answers should contain, to one degree or another, an explanation of this problem and indicate the most realistic ways out of this situation. Work with a map of the fuel and energy complex of Russia, on which the skills of cartographic literacy and the ability to argue your answer are developed in parallel with the search for facts.

Slide of problematic content “Is it possible to get out of the problems of the complex without loss?”

The class works on statistical material. Answers should be accompanied by a reliance on existing knowledge from the system of related subjects and explain the importance of this aspect with application in practice Everyday life. Offer real ways out of intractable situations economic development in modern life in Russia. The debatable nature of the discussion is welcome. Work in pairs or groups.

The stage of primary testing of knowledge takes place in the form of a re-examination of the main issues of the studied material. The elements of the significance of the studied material are indicated from the practical point of knowledge and more. deep learning individual sections of the fuel and energy complex by industry.

The basic understanding of the material is checked using a multimedia disk. Students are invited on a voluntary basis. A test task in the form of a table allows you to check whether educational material well received factually and logically. In the task, the elements fall into place when they are placed correctly.

The task for self-study: is divided into several elements.

Prepare information on the types and methods of energy saving in the form of presentations or short messages with a selection of accompanying illustrations.

Preparation for the competition of ecological leaflets: "Russia is my home", "Let's save the nature", "Me and the world around me".

Announcement of grades with comments.

Summing up by platoons and companies in the second quarter.

To enjoy preview presentations create an account ( account) Google and sign in: https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

Fuel and energy complex of Russia. Oil and gas industry. Presentation for a geography lesson in grade 9. Textbook by V.P. Dronov. V.Ya.

The purpose of the lesson. 1.Find out the meaning and composition of the fuel and energy complex. 2. Give the concept of the fuel and energy balance. 2. To study the fuel industry, to consider the most important deposits of fuel minerals in Russia, large bases, methods of extraction and transportation of fuel. 3.Factors of location of enterprises in the fuel industry. 4. Prospects and problems of development of the complex.

Fuel and energy complex Fuel industry Electric power industry Production infrastructure Oil TPPs, HPPs, NPPs Power transmission lines Gas Oil pipelines Coal gas pipelines Peat

The task of the fuel and energy complex Extraction of fuel, production of electricity and their transfer to the consumer.

The ratio of fuel production and electricity produced (income) and their use in the country's economy (expenditure) Fuel and energy balance

Oil industry Crude oil is explosive and almost never used. Gasoline, kerosene, solar oil, fuel oil are produced from oil. Plastics, polymers, and chemical fibers are obtained from oil. Oil is extracted in two ways: gushing and pumping. D

Oil fields

Map work. Find field data on the map. Mark them on contour map. 70% of Russian oil is produced in Western Siberia. (Samotlor, Megion) 25% Volga-Ural base (Romashkinskoye field, Ishimbaevskoye) Promising fields. Shelf of the Barents Sea and Sakhalin Island.

Oil transportation By oil pipelines Tankers-vessels for oil transportation

The largest oil pipeline-Druzhba

Druzhba is the world's largest system of main oil pipelines. It was built in the 1960s by the Lengazspetsstroy enterprise of the USSR to deliver oil from the Volgouralsk oil and gas region to the socialist countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA): Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland and the GDR, located in Eastern Europe.

Major oil and gas basins

Refineries are oil refineries. They are located in areas where products are consumed!!! Write out the largest refineries from the atlas map

Gas industry Gas is a cheap and environmentally friendly high-calorie fuel.

The most important fields 92% of gas is produced in Western Siberia (Urengoy, Yamburg, Medvezhye) 6% Orenburg-Astrakhan base 1% Timan-Pechora base In terms of gas reserves and production, Russia ranks first in the world!!!

Gas is transported through gas pipelines

Yamal-Europe, Blue Stream, South Stream, North Stream. Find on the map.

Consolidation of the material 1. What industries are part of the fuel and energy complex? 2.What is the fuel and energy balance? 3. What are the methods of oil production? Why are refineries built not in production areas, but in areas where products are consumed?

Preview:

Geography lesson in grade 9. Fuel and energy complex. Oil and gas industry.

Teacher MOU secondary school 1 Kondopoga Sidorkova Svetlana Anatolyevna

Lesson Objectives:

Educational

to acquaint students with the features of the fuel and energy complex of Russia;
find out the composition of the fuel industry;
identify the main fuel bases, promising areas for the production of gas, oil, methods of extraction and transportation of fuel

Developing: