Opening of a branch of a transport company. Step-by-step instructions: how to open a freight forwarding company from scratch? Separating your company from the crowd

16.03.2020

Opening your own business and starting to work for yourself is a dream of many. But as you know, one desire is not enough, it is necessary to take into account many nuances. The crisis and the unstable economic situation in the country lead to the fact that many enterprises stop their work, become bankrupt. Starting your own business, in our time, is quite difficult, but quite realistic, and this is proved by successful entrepreneurs who make good money despite the crisis.

You can earn money in almost any field of activity, as an option, you can open your own, or you can start with something simple, for example, with the transportation of goods.

In this article, I want to discuss the topical question for many, how to start a cargo transportation business? How to open transport company for freight?

Transportation of goods is a popular and stable way of earning, which does not lose its relevance even despite significant competition in the market. Therefore, it makes sense to think about such an attractive income option.

Cargo transportation: business plan

Before proceeding to the organizational moments, you should draw up detailed business a plan that will help you correctly distribute the available start-up capital and achieve success in a short time. How to compose this document? For an example, see detailed.

Profitability of the trucking business. First, you need to determine the relevance of the idea. In other words, analyze the degree of competition, the demand for services and the amount of costs for opening a transport company. After that, draw the appropriate conclusions about whether the trucking business is profitable in your area or not.

Business registration

First of all, you need to legally formalize your type of activity. To do this, it is necessary to determine the substantive form of activity. At this stage, a lot will depend on your financial capabilities. If the start-up capital is large, and you are planning to open a large transport company, then, of course, you need to register as a legal entity. In this case, a suitable option is to form a limited liability company (LLC).

To carry out the transportation of goods on a small scale, it is much more profitable and easier to register as individual entrepreneur.

Documentation process:

Prepare a standard package of documents for registration of IP;
Pay the state duty in accordance with the law;
Submit an application to the tax service and provide your passport data, OKVED activity code.

Collect and issue the entire package required documents You can do it yourself or entrust this case to an experienced lawyer.

Freight scheme

At the initial stage, it is necessary to analyze the market, determine the degree of demand for the service and competition in the region. I want to note that the competition in the field of cargo transportation is quite serious. But, despite this, there is always a place for an honest, decent entrepreneur who provides high-quality cargo transportation services. Your main advantage is the provision of quality services at the best prices.

Rent or buy a vehicle?

Naturally, it all depends on the material possibilities. If you can afford to buy a car to transport goods, great. Otherwise, you will have to rent a vehicle or buy a car on credit.

As a rule, start-up entrepreneurs are content with little and at the initial stage, they personally provide cargo transportation services. Over time, of course, it will be possible to open your own transport company and hire drivers.

Transportation of goods: types, conditions and features

Cargo transportation is divided into three types: the movement of goods within the region, throughout the country and international cargo transportation. The most difficult are international shipments. It will be necessary to draw up all documents for the transported goods, transportation permits, etc. But, accordingly, the cost of transporting goods abroad is much higher. Therefore, choose the most suitable option for you, taking into account all the above nuances.

Conditions for the movement of goods

A contract for the transportation of goods is drawn up with each client. As a rule, in this document the following points are made:

Indication of the specific place of departure and the exact address of delivery;
The name of all involved persons of the company that provides the cargo transportation service;
Detailed characteristics of the goods;
Choice of means of transportation of cargo;
The cost of the service with detailed calculations;
The terms of delivery of the goods to the destination point are negotiated.

In addition to the contract, other documents should be available when carrying out cargo transportation.

Waybill. This document contains all the data about the driver and the owner of the transport company. Also, the brand of the car, the permission and task of the driver of the route, a mark on the passage of the medical examination by the driver on the eve of the trip.

Bill of lading and order-receipt;

Property damage insurance.

Freight dispatch business plan

If you do not have the start-up capital to start a trucking business, then there is an easier way to generate income.

A dispatcher is a person who finds consignors, negotiates the delivery of cargo with the owners of vehicles, forms a route, and specifies all the conditions of transportation and the timing of delivery of goods.

You can even work as a dispatcher at home. This does not require education and any specific work skills. Communication skills, responsibility and literacy will be quite enough. Your task is to establish yourself as an honest and responsible person who will not let you down. And then with the help word of mouth you will gain regular customers and a good stable income.

Advertising

Trucking is a business that needs publicity, especially in its early stages. Therefore, it is worthwhile to advertise your services in every possible way. Start with friends and acquaintances, tell them about your occupation and advise them to apply if necessary.

If you decide to open a transport company, you should have a little experience in the market for these services and know which strategy to choose. Here we will consider the question of how to open a transport company, a business plan for opening it, what is needed to organize this business.

The increase in the volume of imports and exports, as well as the flow of passengers, generates demand in this area. Therefore, freight forwarding companies are constantly opening up on the market. But the birth of forwarding and freight companies entails the disappearance of transport companies. Carrier companies solve the shortage of their own transport by attracting neighbors' cars. This is how a new forwarding department or some other department is organized. Start opening such a case should be with registration.

Business plan

If you decide to open an enterprise that will provide types of services (transportation of passengers, cargo, etc.) in this area, then you can download for free finished example a business plan for a transport company that will help you calculate all the costs of organizing this business.

If you do not want to provide something, then simply delete the items with costs and income for this service.

How to open a transport company

So, let's look at the points of information on how to open a transport company that provides forwarding services.

Company registration

Most transport companies prefer such organizational and legal forms as CJSC (closed joint stock company), JSC (open joint stock company), LLC (limited liability companies), PBOYuL (entrepreneur without education legal entity). But it is worth noting that many transport companies refuse to work with PBOYuL, because of the value added tax. Joint-stock company are a more suitable form when creating a business, however, registration of a CJSC is sufficient difficult process and consists of a number of complex procedures. Therefore, the best option for opening a freight forwarding company would be the "LLC" form.

To register a legal entity, it is beneficial to contact organizations that provide legal support in order to avoid mistakes, fuss, conflict situations. There is an option to purchase a ready-made transport company, but in this case you will have to be content with the already existing name of the company. Registration will require initial capital(about 10 thousand rubles) and opening a bank account.

Office space and staff

The premises for the office of the transport company will be the legal address of the company, so you will have to conclude a lease agreement between the owner of the premises and your company.

At first, you can limit yourself to recruiting, combining the functions of several positions. However, this approach will noticeably slow down the workflow of the transport company. Finding an experienced, narrow specialist without guaranteeing him a high salary is quite difficult, so it makes sense to hire a capable worker without experience in this area and train him. As far as bookkeeping is concerned, it is precisely a qualified specialist that is needed here. Since the responsibility for wages will now lie with you, it is better not to take risks and use the services of an audit company.

Pros and cons of this business

The undoubted advantage of the freight forwarding business is small cash investments to start. And also the fact that a license is not needed for forwarding activities. But the lack of a license entails dishonest work of dispatchers of private transport companies, and this fact, of course, is a minus in this profession.

Beginning of work

To avoid mistrust between the client and the supplier, it will be necessary to familiarize the suppliers of your transport company with full information regarding the carrier, warehouse, broker, etc. And you should not worry about being removed from this chain, since client companies, for the most part, do not have logisticians on staff. Also, by going directly to a broker, to a warehouse, to a carrier… they don't have the guarantee of getting the same rate that the forwarder gets.

To start providing transport services, you need to sign a freight forwarding agreement with the client, and a client agreement with the translator. But the work of the forwarder is not limited to this. Tracking the car along the way, solving problems that arise, a clear idea of what is being transported, bringing the client up to date - this is the essence of a competent auto forwarder. The obvious simplicity of the work of a transport company is fraught with "pitfalls". This is knowledge of the laws of movement of transit and export goods, proper paperwork, the presence of a large number of expeditions at the points of dispatch of goods.

Peculiarities

At the initial stages, you will have to do all the main work yourself. In addition, you will need experience in the field of expedition, so as not to overwhelm the work at the very beginning of the activity. The first steps should be taken with caution, because the activity of the forwarder is to satisfy the interests of the clients of the transport company, to possess information, since there are cases when only the forwarder can resolve situations between the carrier and the cargo owner.

Advertise your services

At the first stages of work, you should not get carried away with the advertising of a transport company, since advertising resonance can lead to a lot of orders that you, as a start-up company, will not be able to handle. And this will entail negative publicity, which will not in the best way affect the company's reputation. Start with small ads on special sites on the Internet. As a result, it will be possible to create your own page for publication advertisements, articles, etc.

When is the best time to open?

Autumn and spring are considered the "hottest" seasons for transport companies. You need to prepare for them in advance, otherwise, you will miss out on profits and ruin your reputation. It is best to start the work of a transport company in the “quiet” period, which falls on the summer. You will have time to get comfortable, complete all the preparatory work and start active work by the fall.

Always consider your mistakes

The freight forwarder is the link between service providers and the client. It follows that the freight forwarder will have to defend the rights of the two parties. Therefore, one way to avoid costs is to insure activities. However, there are times when this does not help. For example, import cargo goes to Russia. The car was delivered on time, loaded at the client’s warehouse in accordance with the documents, the customs of a foreign state gave the go-ahead, but at the Russian border, due to a mismatch in weight, the question arose of the declaration being unreliable. Russian customs officers are conducting proceedings, but it is impossible to prove anything. During this time, the driver is issued a contract for loading and unloading services, the cost of which, depending on the weight, ranges from 600 to 1000 US dollars. Logically, the transport company should pay for the services of the warehouse. However, it will be possible to prove their guilt only after the car arrives at the place of delivery, there will be a control weighing of the cargo and the car. But without paying for storage services, the track will not be released. The freight forwarder will have to deal with this problem. You will have to pay the costs yourself, in the hope of recovering the damages after the investigation.

Similar situations can lie in wait for your company at any stage, so you need to have a material reserve, the right contacts and have practical knowledge.

You can use the most developed directions and methods of transportation. The profit of the transport company in this case will be less, but the risk will be minimized. In the course of work, relying on the main clients, it is possible to introduce ancillary services, such as consolidation in transit warehouses, assistance in customs clearance, execution of related documents.

The desire to develop, the desire to open a transport company, self-confidence are the ingredients for starting your own business. Successful business- this is, first of all, creativity, and not a struggle for survival.

Prepared on the basis of the material www.openbusiness.ru by Ellie Larson.

In this material:

If cargo transportation is chosen as an activity, where to start the business? Such an occupation was considered unpromising 2 years ago. Today, even a beginner has the opportunity to quite profitably engage in the transportation of goods and create profitable business. This is a costly and troublesome business. Up to $10,000 is the amount of start-up capital without the purchase of trucks.

Trucking business concept

The market of demanded forwarding services is constantly growing in Russia. The services of qualified logisticians are always in demand. The activities of industrial, commercial and manufacturing enterprises. How to start a business related to the transportation of various types of goods? You should navigate the market by studying the offers of competitors.

Intercity and international flights are the most income type trucking business. In this market segment, the firm is subject to more stringent requirements for documentation on technical means and specifications, however, significantly higher than the average prices for such cargo transportation. There are various options for organizing this business. Without presence own car you can realize a business idea for cargo transportation.

Cargo transportation as a business allows customers to purchase the necessary equipment, various types of equipment from suppliers, bring raw materials for production, and send goods to their customers. The transportation of goods by various modes of transport is used. Delivery by water transport, aircraft, railway or motor transport is a demanded service. Heavy and large cargo can be transported profitably and conveniently using rail or air transportation. Small consignments of goods are transported using tilt trucks. Customers appreciate high-quality, reliable, prompt delivery for office or apartment moves.

The specifics of the freight business

In the mature forwarding market, there is a very high level of market competition, however, entrepreneurs who have managed to occupy a niche and organize a profitable business in cargo transportation have a stable high income. Small private companies account for about 60% of the freight market, the remaining 40% belong to large companies. Starting a business from scratch in the forwarding services market, subject to the right approach to the organization, can be a novice enterprising entrepreneur. Significant amounts of start-up capital are required to enter this business.

How to open a business related to cargo transportation?

Under the current legislation, you can register as an individual entrepreneur, the owner of a small company. An individual entrepreneur manages his business independently. How to open an IP? As part of the standard procedure, an individual entrepreneur is registered, which costs several thousand rubles.

The legal right to transport goods is given by a transport license. For the unimpeded crossing of the state border by trucks, it is necessary to obtain an additional license, which is valid for 15 days. Responsible person a power of attorney for the carriage of goods, a list of transported items, a package of accompanying papers, and a bill of lading are handed over. These forwarding documents are necessary to fulfill various kinds cargo transportation.

For the transportation of oversized or bulky goods, the carrier must obtain a special permit. To officially open an IP for cargo transportation, you need to get insurance for cargo vehicle. Package constituent documents required to register as an object of taxation with the tax authorities. The entrepreneur needs to obtain a TIN.

Individual entrepreneurs for cargo transportation are exempted from accounting. Any enterprise is a rather risky business, therefore, the main document drawn up by professionals who will help and suggest how to organize a business should take into account the various nuances of an opening business in cargo transportation. A business plan is the main document of a future entrepreneur, which helps to evaluate their commercial opportunities. The success of the business related to cargo transportation primarily depends on this competent document.

The business plan should reveal the main problems of the activity:

company development strategy and goal;
organizational moments;
sources of start-up capital;
order search options.

Part of the business plan is the financial side.

Competent startup

For the implementation of full-fledged cargo transportation, it is necessary to purchase cars. Starting a business from scratch is worth buying reliable imported cars. A startup will be easier if a novice entrepreneur has his own freight transport. The location of the office is not critical. If you want to start a freight forwarding business, it is better to start a forwarding business with the use of one car. How to start a business in order to receive good income? It is important for carriers to avoid unprofitable idle runs.

The future entrepreneur should take care of hiring qualified workers for the cargo transportation business in a timely manner. Logistics-forwarders help to minimize transport costs. In accordance with the contract, these professionals perform insurance, storage, transshipment, freight forwarding from the initial loading point to the final destination. These specialists of the cargo transportation business choose the best route, solve problems during customs clearance, and control the filling of documents.

For business development you will need:

use of reliable cars;
website with prices and description of services;
electronic digital signature;
experienced drivers, several logistics forwarders.

In the first months of the company's operation, when client base has not been created, the work has not yet been established, no one knows about the transport company yet, it is especially difficult for entrepreneurs.

If you organize a cargo transportation business correctly, you can soon make a good profit.

Order a business plan

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Here you will learn about a business in cargo transportation, how to open it, start it, you can download an example plan for organizing this business.

Having your own business and working for your own profit is an idea that everyone can enjoy. But just what kind of business to do? If you have the right to drive a car of category "C" and "B", then the answer suggests itself. You can organize a service that specializes in cargo transportation. In order to open cargo transportation, you need to compose detailed business plan your future enterprise, an example of which is presented below.

Where to start and how to open your own business

For many, the expression “I want to do trucking” is a key moment in starting a business, but it’s not enough just to wish, because you still need to know how to start trucking from scratch and open your business the right way.

Your "Jedi" path should look like this:

Drawing up a business plan.
Drafting of all necessary contracts and agreements.
Purchase of transport and, if necessary, special equipment: gazelles, trucks, kamaz trucks, etc.
Registration of a cargo transportation business - we open an IP.
Office rent (if needed).
Hiring labor force (if needed).
Advertising your business.

How to open an IP

Of course, if you have any large organization, then you will already have to open an LLC. But if you decide to do small cargo transportation, i.e. have a small number of trucks, gazelles and staff (or even do everything on your own), then you need to register as an individual entrepreneur. It's very simple.

How to open an IP for cargo transportation:

It is necessary to prepare a standard package of documents:
Pay state duty.
Submit an application to the tax office, in which you need to indicate passport data, contact phone number, OKVED activity code - code 60.24 for cargo transportation. Depending on the number of activities, there may be several codes. They are all located nearby.

You can do all this either yourself, or provide a power of attorney to your representative, which he did for you.

Business plan

Overview section of the project

This section indicates the purpose of the project, which refers to the creation of the enterprise itself, which will be engaged in the provision of cargo transportation services on medium commercial vehicles.

The scheme of work of the organization includes the acceptance of an order by the dispatcher for the implementation of cargo transportation, then the transfer of the order to the driver and, accordingly, its execution by the latter. The enterprise should be focused on the demand from the consumer, i.e. of people.

Description of the enterprise

Cargo transportation will be carried out by a separate entrepreneur. In this case, this is the most best option, which allows you to reduce the tax burden on the organization and minimize accounting. In the event that an entrepreneur carries out cargo transportation in less than 20 cars, then a single tax on temporary income is applied to him.

Freight market analysis

Before you start your own business, it is worth doing a market segment analysis. Is no exception here and cargo transportation. Opening the local press, you will see that there are not so many ads offering this kind of service. Therefore, you should first find out:

who is your future competitor;
on what machines he carries out cargo transportation;
who are his clients, what cargoes he transports;
what is the cost of their services.

After analyzing all this data, you can find out how you should proceed.

If, after analyzing the freight market, you have not abandoned the idea of opening own business, then next you need to develop an action plan for marketing and attracting customers. It must necessarily include the development, placement and distribution of advertising of the enterprise and cargo transportation services in the media. It will not be superfluous to distribute flyers, distribution of business cards in those stores that sell building materials, household appliances, furniture. You can think of a system of discounts for regular customers.

Enterprise production plan

Before the start of the full-fledged functioning of the enterprise, it is worth buying several cars, on which cargo transportation will be carried out. You can take, for example, 1-2 GAZelles. You will also need to rent boxes for storing and parking your cars.

When you are just starting your business, you can fill up cars at a retail price at a gas station. If things go well and you want to expand your trucking fleet, you can conclude an agreement with gas stations, according to which fuel will be purchased at a better price.

As for the personnel, 1 driver, 1 dispatcher will be needed. The entrepreneur himself can act as a second driver. Accounting cargo transportation can be handled by a company specializing in this. You will also need two or three loaders. It is better to negotiate with them about a piece-rate payment.

Enterprise expenses

Below is a list of estimated costs (in rubles):

Purchase of cars - 1000 000
Office space rental (per month) – 10,000
Box rental — 10,000
fuel and lubricants - 40,000
Payroll Fund - 30,000
Advertising - 10 000
Other expenses - 20,000
Total — 1,120,000

It can be seen from the data that in order to organize a cargo transportation service, an initial capital of 1,120 thousand rubles will be needed.

Income

On average, a cargo transportation service earns about 150 thousand rubles on two cars per month. Net revenue will be about 50 thousand. It turns out that self-sufficiency can be reached in 2 years. In the event that cars are rented, the payback period is reduced to 3-4 months.

The transport business is becoming increasingly popular, both among consumers and in the business environment. The demand for these services is constantly growing, and in connection with the development of online commerce, transport companies have a lot of new regular customers. Becoming the owner of a transport company is not the easiest task, since this type of activity has a high entry threshold and experience in forwarding and logistics companies. How to open a transport company from scratch for a beginner?

Logistics, as a business, has undeniable advantages over most other activities. The transport company does not require licenses, is considered strong in financial terms and has less risk of going bankrupt. In this regard, quite tough competition has developed in this environment, and a newcomer to this market will need a competent approach and the ability to make decisions quickly and efficiently.

Business registration

Before opening a transport company for the transportation of goods, it is necessary to settle legal formalities. This type of business requires registration of a legal entity, or PBOYuL ( entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity).

Opening a CJSC or OJSC is a promising option that will allow you to seriously expand. But these forms oblige to issue a lot of certificates and permits. PBOYuL are waiting for the costs of paying additional taxation. Therefore, LLC is a more profitable and convenient option.

To settle all the formalities for registering a transport business in the form of an LLC, it is recommended to contact specialists who will save you from long queues, mistakes and misunderstandings. It is important to remember that an LLC requires a Charter, start-up capital and a settlement set in a bank.

Room selection

When a new LLC is formed, it is necessary to conclude a lease agreement with the owner of the premises - the office address must become the legal address of the enterprise. In addition to the office, warehouse space will be required.

The premises do not need luxurious renovation, but at the same time they should look decent. Important requirement- Compliance with the standards of fire and sanitary inspections. The office is the face of the company, so it needs a presentable look and a stylish interior.

Warehouses - clean and dry, equipped with a shower and a place to eat. Statistics show that the success of opening a transport company for cargo transportation is 70% dependent on warehouse workers. Therefore, their working conditions necessary to provide adequate comfort.

Equipment

The transport business needs new high-quality equipment. Not only the success of the company depends on this, but also the safety of employees. Poor quality or used equipment often runs the risk of becoming unusable and increasing the costs of the entrepreneur.

Necessary equipment and special equipment for the warehouse of a transport company:

rokla - one for each working warehouse;
forklift - one per warehouse;
consumables - adhesive tape, stretch tapes, etc.

Cars for cargo transportation are expensive transport. It is more profitable to start a business by negotiating with car owners. It is convenient if the owner of the transport agrees to work as a driver on it. For the entrepreneur, this means less responsibility, since the driver-owner of the car will be responsible for all possible damage or loss of cargo on the road.

office equipment

In addition to the warehouse, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the work of the office. This room performs not only a representative function for customers. The office should accommodate dispatchers who will control the work of drivers. For control rooms and for receiving clients, the premises will need:

computers and office equipment;
tables and chairs;
stationary and mobile phones. It is desirable to have 2 fixed lines;
walkie-talkie to communicate with drivers.

Company staff

Starting a freight forwarding company from scratch is not an easy task. It’s good if an entrepreneur in the state has experienced staff who will be able to give advice and undertake some managerial functions. You can also entrust certain workers with various functions, in order to limit yourself to a small staff at first. It is important not to overdo it with diversification, so as not to reduce the efficiency of employees.

The company will need the following employees on a permanent basis:

Dispatcher - 2 people. Dispatchers take orders, issue vouchers for drivers, keep in touch with them during trips.
Drivers - 2 people per car if long trips are planned. Drivers must have the required driving categories and have experience in driving trucks.
The mechanic is one person on the staff. His job is to service vehicles and machinery.
Warehouse worker - 2 people.
Advertising manager - to find customers and promote the company.
Accountant - in this case, you need it regularly, consulting services will cost more. The duties of an accountant include wages employees.

How to get clients?

A business such as a cargo transportation company is in itself popular and in demand among customers. But at the initial stage, the business will need promotion. The Internet is recognized as the main way to disseminate information about the provision of services today. How to offer your services online:

create your own website;
place ads on free classifieds boards;
monitor demand in the network for cargo transportation services;
send letters from commercial offers to the addresses of potential customers.

Costs and payback

As a business, a transport company requires serious start-up capital. Before you start opening a business, you should carefully calculate all possible costs. They include:

rent and repair of premises;
Payment of utility services;
staff salaries;
purchase of the necessary equipment;
purchase of spare parts for special equipment;
payment of taxes;
gasoline and other automotive fluids.

Without buying vehicles for transportation, the average cost of starting a business will be at least 1,200 thousand rubles. The purchase of vehicles will significantly increase these costs. In addition, experts argue that a faster payback from the transport business of transporting goods should be expected when renting a car.

Income

The profitability of the business depends on the number of cars in the fleet and the availability of orders. With proper business promotion, properly organized work and minimized losses, the average profit from one machine per month will be 30 thousand rubles. If you have 2 cars, the business will pay off no earlier than in 1.5 - 2 years. The profitability of the business is recognized as high: it is up to 40% of the total revenue.