Opening your own company is the desire of many experienced lawyers. But they ask questions: “How to open a law firm from scratch?” or “How to attract customers?”. Despite higher legal education and great zeal, for this it is still necessary to have a certain knowledge of the fundamental rules, the observance of which will help you achieve your goal. How to establish your legal business from scratch?

Opening own business in the legal field entails many pluses, but, as in any business, unfortunately, you cannot do without minuses.

Having your own business has the following advantages:

• • The absence of a boss. You are the head of your own company, which means you are free to make your own decisions.
  • Profitability will depend on you - the entrepreneur, earnings can be impressive or quite low.
  • Flexible schedule. In the future, by hiring staff, you can not work at all, but only manage your employees.
  • As a company founder, you will receive highest profit, as opposed to an ordinary employee.

Having your own business is prestigious.

Minuses:

• Risk. If you choose the wrong business strategy, then your business may fail, in which case financial problems cannot be avoided. Approach this issue with all seriousness.
• At the initial stage, a lot of investment, effort and time will be required.
• No matter how trite it may sound, but business is always stressful, be prepared for the fact that, most likely, not everything will work out easily for you.

If the waste of energy and risk did not scare you, then you can move on to those aspects that will reveal in detail the topic of how to open a legal consultation.

How to open a law firm from scratch - instructions

Registration, permits, documents

Let us examine in more detail the question of how to open a law firm from scratch. In order to open your own law firm, you do not need to receive the appropriate education, it can be opened by an individual or entity.

However, you need to register with the proper state tax authority and choose the form of taxation in order to function legally.

A company can be registered as an individual entrepreneur or as an LLC for several individuals.

It is better to arrange the taxation system according to the “subtract expenses from income” scheme. A convenient option - simplified tax system with a rate of 15% - is more profitable.

How to open a law firm with the necessary permits? The answer is pretty simple. It turns out that, as the current legislation says, special permits and licenses are not required to open a private law firm.

The following documents will be required:

• Passport, its photocopies.
• Payment confirmation state duty.
• Application for registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC.
• Selection of the type of activity according to OKVED codes.

Important! As soon as you receive a certificate of incorporation, immediately begin to develop a business strategy and promote your company.

Choice of premises and equipment

An important task when opening a law firm is the choice of premises. The best option for the location of your office would be the city center, because there is better infrastructure, it will be more convenient for the client to get to you and find you.

Not bad if your office is located on the first floor and from the side of the street, for the same reason listed above.

You also need to take care of the availability of the necessary equipment.

The design of the premises is best done in the form of an office. To do this, you will need to purchase special furniture (armchairs, tables, comfortable lockers, etc.) and computer equipment(computer or laptop, printer, scanner, etc.), and you also need to take care of stationery (paper, pencils, pens, etc.).

Prepare for the fact that several clients can come to you at once, arrange objects in the space for them as comfortably and conveniently as possible.

Recruitment

For the first time, the activities of a law firm, it is better to start with a partner and not hire employees.

After time, when the business will rise and develop, you can think about hiring additional staff.

It is necessary to hire: three qualified workers who will work with all kinds of services; courier. Financial issues can be resolved with the help of an incoming accountant.

Attention! When recruiting your own professional staff, you must use labor exchanges, place ads in newspapers, and relevant Internet resources.

There will be many candidates, they can be both yesterday's students and experienced professionals, of course, it would be preferable to use the services of the latter, but it's up to you.

As your business expands, you may need staff.

Approximate composition law firm middle management:

1. highly qualified lawyer;
2. legal consultant;
3. lawyer for working with individuals;
4. lawyer for work with legal entities;
5. legal assistant;
6. secretary referent;
7. accountant.

Business process organization

How to promote a law firm? First of all, you need to decide on the specialization of the law firm, as well as take care of the quality of the services provided.

To do this, you need to create your own corporate identity, an appropriate image, maintain good reputation. All this will determine the success of your business in the future.

You need to start with a small number of legal services, and as your business expands, increase the range of services provided.

After all, it will be very difficult both to open a law firm from scratch and to control it.

It is also necessary to identify the main audience of the clientele, and based on this, organize the workflow.

For example, if you are going to provide services in solving business problems, then the best option would be to organize labor activity from 8:00 to 19:00, so that it is not difficult for the client to establish contact with you during his working day.

A good option would be if one employee from your staff begins to work on duty on weekends at least until noon.

Business strategy

Organizing a business plan for a law firm, just like starting a law firm from scratch, is not an easy task.

Research the market in this area in detail, approach your competitors with attention, identify their advantages and disadvantages. This will help to make fewer mistakes in the organization of the business plan.

Develop an acceptable pricing policy, this is especially important at the initial stage.

Promising directions at the moment:

• Legal support in the field of real estate and construction.
• Support for migrants. For example, assistance in getting a job, obtaining citizenship, etc.
• Control of financial and economic activities of companies.
• Protests related to illegal law enforcement activities.

Finding Clients

Aspects in the search for clients:

1. Use the internet. First of all, take care of creating a company website, it is advisable to hire a specialist, since there are enough of them on the Internet, so there should be no problems with this.
   Advertising can be placed on various websites, in mobile applications.
2. Traditional methods of information dissemination. These are flyers, word of mouth”, organization of exhibitions, seminars and conferences.
   It would be useful to place an ad in the newspaper, where you can briefly tell about the services you provide, the location of the company, and prices.
   It will also be effective to place signs on the streets, you can fork out for advertising on television.

Attention! For best result in search of clients, it is necessary to use the services of a qualified specialist - a PR manager.

How to get guaranteed clients for a lawyer?

The most difficult stage for all organizations is the start-up and the law firm is no exception. Not always the money invested in advertising and marketing can return as ready-made customers. Thus, money can be wasted. And when there are so few of them, it creates additional problems and increases the cost of the company.

However, there is one solution that will ensure that the money invested will generate ready-made customers. Currently, due to the globalization of the Internet, clients are looking for lawyers there. But how can you get customers without spending extra money? Very simple - for this there are special intermediary firms that can provide you with customers.

Attention! If you only want to pay for clients and don't want to waste money, then you can start partnering with lead generation firms. This is by no means the main source of customers, but it is a constant one. Especially useful at the initial stage. Click on the banner above and read the terms and conditions.

Costs and profits

Approximate start-up costs:

Expenses	When to pay	Amount, thousand rubles
Registration and acquisition of a legal address	At the initial stage	30,0
Furniture and equipment	At the initial stage	50-60
Communication and software costs	Monthly	40,0
Office rental, renovation (10-15 sq. m.)	Monthly	130,0
Salary per person	Monthly	30-40
Transport	Monthly	10,0
office	At the initial stage	5,0

The profit will depend primarily on the number of customers and the quality of the services you provide.

The average cost of providing legal services in Moscow is:

• oral consultation - 1000-2000 thousand rubles per hour;
• one-time written consultation on legal issues - 3000 rubles;
• registration of a person as an individual entrepreneur not including the state. duties - 4500 rubles;
• registration of an LLC without state duty - 1100 rubles;
• writing a statement with a claim - 9000 rubles;
• liquidation of a legal entity - 60,000 rubles;
• representation of interests in court - 40,000 rubles.

Let's say that in 30 days four of your employees served 20 customers, approximate price services 10 thousand rubles, if everything is organized correctly, then with the range of services assigned earlier, we get the following numbers:

4*20*10000=800000 rubles

The tax amount is 20%, which means:

800000*0.2=116000 rubles

By simple calculations, we find out the net profit:

800000.0 - 119000.0 - 315000.0 = 369000.0 rubles.

At the first stage, getting a large number of customers is a rare occurrence, but with the right approach after a few months it becomes quite achievable.

As a result, with a successful scenario, payback is achieved in 1-3 months.

Opening your own law office is a rather risky business that requires a lot of effort, but with a skillful approach, it can bring significant profit.

You have decided to register your company. Where to start? What do you need to get started entrepreneurial activity? We invite you to familiarize yourself with the stages of opening a company from scratch, below is a step-by-step procedure for its creation.

To open a company from scratch, you need to follow three steps:

• Step 1 Decide on the form of ownership,
• Step 2 Choose a taxation system
• Step 3 Registration of a company with a tax authority, PFR, FSS, MHIF.

Below we will dwell in more detail on each point that must be completed on the way to opening your own company.

Step 1 - form of ownership

Before you start opening a company, you need to determine its form of ownership, perhaps it will be a limited liability company, maybe joint-stock company, and maybe you will be enough. If you are in doubt about which form of ownership is best for you, then we offer you useful information, which will help you make a choice: ""

Step 2 - tax regime

Having decided on the form of ownership, we proceed to the second step of opening a company from scratch - choose. There are several types of taxation:

• general regime (OSN), which is characterized by the following features: conducted in full with the payment of a large number of taxes, a lot of reports, both accounting and tax;
• simplified (STS), popularly it is also called "simplification", while the organization pays a single tax on the simplified tax system, this tax replaces, also this mode, reporting is much less, and in general it is much simpler than the general regime, as evidenced by the name ;
• a system based on a single tax on imputed income (UTII), by analogy with the previous regime, it is exempt from paying VAT, a single UTII tax is paid;
• the patent system;
• system for agricultural enterprises and farms.

Step 3 – Registration

After you have decided on the first two points, proceed to the next stage of opening new company: register your company with the tax office, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund.

Registration of a company must begin with the collection required documents. Depending on which form of ownership and tax regime you have chosen, the package of documents will change.

But in any case, one of the documents will be an application for registration:

• for sole proprietors, this is a Statement of state registration individual as an individual entrepreneur form P21001, you will find a sample of filling out this application and you can download the application form;
• for LLC and JSC it is .

If you plan to conduct your business on special regimes, for example, according to a simplified system, then the tax authority must be notified about this in advance; The notification can be submitted along with the rest of the registration documents.

After the package of documents is collected, you need to submit them to the tax authority. After a certain amount of time has passed (for example, for an individual entrepreneur it is 5 days), you will receive a document confirming the registration of your company.
Further, to complete the process of registering a company, you need to register with extra-budgetary funds: Pension Fund(FIU), Fund social insurance(FSS) and compulsory medical insurance (FOMS).

Now your company is open and can start its business activities.

In order to do this competently and correctly, you need to know the basics accounting and taxation. You can find a competent accountant, or you can master it yourself. On this site, we will examine both of these issues in detail. The site is copyright, so all the information presented here will not be a copy of textbooks written in an official and strict language. I will try to present the material in a simple and accessible way, that is, so that it is understandable to everyone, even an absolute beginner in this field. Read all the articles on this site on accounting and taxation - and I promise you will become, if not a professional in this area, then at least you will be able to carry out the necessary transactions, calculate taxes and submit reports without outside help.

To become a truly professional, you need constant practice, in the process of work you will expand your knowledge, facing a new question for you and looking for answers to it. This site will teach you all the necessary basics, create the basis for further growth within this profession.

Video: step by step instructions

So let's break the process down into 7 steps.

Stage one

We will decide on the organizational and legal form (OPF), conduct the necessary negotiations with future partners, and prepare constituent documents. With regards to the OPF, we note that it is important to think carefully about this issue, having previously studied what OPFs generally exist. Be sure to consult with specialists who provide accounting services and who have experience in these matters. For example, such an accounting consultation in Forum Business Consult is one of the simplest. But we make sure to clarify all customer questions.

Stage two

We collect all the founders with whom you plan to create a company. Then we determine the size of the authorized capital. Then the constituent documents already prepared earlier should be approved. Within the framework of the meeting, it is imperative to single out and approve from all the founders the only one who will take the position of general director.

Stage three

At this stage, it is still permissible to change your mind, returning back to work for hire.

So, at this stage it is necessary to pay the authorized capital. Registration of an LLC without this is impossible: LLCs are required to immediately pay at least half of the declared amount of the authorized capital. For example, the registration of a JSC, on the contrary, leaves the decision for the founders: to pay or not to pay the authorized capital.

Founders OOO deposit money into a savings bank account, money that, after the state registration of the company, will become part of the current account of this company.

Stage four

It's time to start preparing and sending to tax office statements. An example of this document is available on the Internet or you can ask for it at the same tax office. This application is, in fact, a request to add your company to the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs.

Your company will be entered into the register within five days.

Stage five

We order the seal of the organization. While they are making it, to CEO would not hurt to issue an order to take office. His first action will be the appointment of a chief accountant. And here we have no right to remain silent! Be sure to think about who will perform these duties: will you trust financial questions an expensive specialist or a low-paid newcomer? Each of them has its pros and cons. And, perhaps, to hang accounting issues on an outsourcing company.

Stage six

We put the newly minted company on record in the funds:
– Compulsory social and medical insurance fund,
- Pension Fund,
- Goskomstat.
Get ready to visit each of the above organizations.

Stage last

After registration, we conclude an agreement with the bank on opening a current account - we transfer money from the savings account to the current account. From it the financial operations of the company will be carried out.
And well, happy journey in the world of Russian business.

To assess the market, you must first determine the volume of planned investments and the niche that is most interesting to you.

It is highly desirable that this interest be supported by some theoretical, and even better, practical knowledge about the development process, available tools and methodologies. You can analyze the demand and the level of competition in the chosen niche based on the data provided by the rating agencies. In almost every segment, even such a highly specialized one as the development of online stores, there are fairly detailed ratings that compare flagship companies in terms of turnover, average bill, number of projects, and other parameters that give a fairly clear picture.

Competition

Our niche is highly competitive only at first glance. In fact, this is the same level of competition as between BMW and AvtoVAZ - segmentation is primarily determined by the price of services and the class of customers. It's no secret that the price range for the same site development can be from 5 thousand to 5 million rubles. It all depends on what needs to be done, what level of quality to ensure, what tools to use, how big a name the IT company has, how well-known clients are present in its portfolio.

As a result, if you work in the price range of 5-25 thousand rubles, companies with projects from 1 million rubles will obviously not be your competitors, and vice versa.

To get ahead of competitors, you must first determine in which price segment you will provide services. Then it is worth analyzing direct competitors from the same price segment that provide the same services: see what development tools they offer, what additional services they include in the development cost, what clients and projects they work with.

At the same time, it is quite important to objectively evaluate your own strengths - will you be able to ensure the quality is not worse? Can you offer similar services at the same price? Next, it's important to highlight your unique advantage over your competitors: how are you better? Why should clients work with you?

If you have formulated such an advantage on an intuitive level, without external confirmation, it is better to check it in advance: conduct a survey of friends, acquaintances, random interlocutors. Find out if they really care about this advantage, or if your hypothesis is untenable. The sample should be large enough to give the most accurate representation possible.

How to decide on a set of services that the company will provide?

It depends primarily on your level of knowledge about the field and technology, as well as on the level of initial investment. For example, the average salary of an experienced Symfony programmer is 80-100 thousand rubles, i.e. 3 months of his work will cost the company 240-300 thousand rubles. At the same time, projects of this level, as a rule, are complex, expensive and require not only a programmer, but a full-fledged team: a designer, tester, project manager, analyst, etc. It is highly desirable that the owner of the company has at least one of the key competencies, otherwise it will be difficult to control the processes.

The most common situation on the market is when an experienced developer opens his own company, and rightly so. He already has an understanding of what pitfalls await him, what difficulties the company may face, how to properly build processes.

Important to remember: Additional services- this is good, but only when they do not divert most of the company's resources to themselves.

Sometimes occupying a narrow niche turns out to be more profitable than offering customers the maximum wide range services.

Who is the main target audience?

If we talk about the IT services market in general, then the target audience is almost any business, without restrictions. But to determine the target audience of your company, you need to create the most accurate portrait of the client:

• how much money the client is willing to spend on your services;
• what is the main service he needs;
• what additional services he may need;
• if you have a regional link, most companies from another region are most likely to be eliminated from the target audience;
• in what area your client works (often clients choose a developer who has projects in the portfolio made for the same industry);
• who makes the decision in the client company (if you work mainly with small businesses, these are usually the owners; if you work with enterprises, these are middle managers, and they have a completely different level of motivation to start development and finish the project quickly );
• whether there are requirements for the tools used in the development (some clients indicate as the main requirement what the development should be done on, for example, which programming language should be used, which graphics editor which CMS).

Beginners should remember that reaching large customers without pre-training- a very difficult task. Our target audience immediately became medium business who needs some non-standard solution for process automation.

The key difference between companies operating in a higher price segment is that customers stay with them for a long time.

The thing is that products in this segment are complex, they require support. Moreover, they rely on business processes, and this is a flexible thing, and over time it changes. Therefore, the product usually evolves with the company.

Investment size

To optimize the cost of an office, you can rent it in a place that is not very accessible, because. its location is not very important - customers rarely come themselves. Or you can act radically and abandon the office altogether, transferring employees to remote work.

But this option is not suitable for everyone. We decided to take this step only after we were 100% convinced that all our clients prefer meetings in their office or in a cafe, and also after realizing that all our employees have been working in the company’s staff for more than 2 years and are quite capable of doing their job responsibly without binding to the office chair.

Save on salaries if you want to provide high quality projects are not worth it. But it is possible to reduce costs if employees are involved in additional services on a project-by-project basis, paying them only for the work that was actually done, and using KPI to evaluate the work of full-time employees. All of our employees are somehow tied to the profits of the company.

The absence of an office and the use of part of the staff on a project-by-project basis allowed us to minimize equipment costs - most of the employees use their own computers, and we only bear the cost of their depreciation.

Step-by-step instruction

Having decided on a niche, having studied competitors, recruiting the first customers and renting a room, you can already proceed to the next stage of opening - the purchase of equipment. Mandatory equipment, without which we cannot imagine work:

• The company's own server (including for demonstrating work to clients and the operation of the project management system);
• Virtual PBX;
• Laptops or desktop computers of employees with sufficient power for the type of work performed;
• Office equipment.

It was quite easy to find suppliers, since many of them were eliminated at the stage of the first request - they did not answer for a long time, they issued an invoice for a long time, they could not competently answer our questions. As a result, those suppliers of equipment and services with whom we constantly work do not change for years.

For example, we maintain our own company server in the provider's data center, which has not been changed for 4 years. His prices are not the lowest, but the speed of response to our requests is no more than 10 minutes.

Thus, the main criteria for choosing suppliers for us are:

• The speed of response to our request (especially if these are permanent services);
• Equipment quality;
• Cost of equipment.

Of course, no equipment will work without specialists. For an IT company, they are the foundation of success. The number of employees of the firm depends on what services are key and how many projects are being carried out simultaneously. For example, we - technology company, which means that programmers must have high level training, while in the state there should be at least two of them, and preferably 3-4, in order to ensure interchangeability and speed of project implementation. But only one designer is enough.

At the moment our staff consists of:

• sales manager;
• project manager;
• technical writer;
• Designer;
• Three programmers;
• tester;
• Copywriter and content manager.

Depending on the direction of the projects, the ratio of designers and programmers in the company may change, and some employees may combine several positions.

Often there is a situation when the project manager also performs the functions of a technical writer and tester. And HTML-layout can be performed, depending on the company and its business processes, by a designer, a programmer or an individual employee.

There is a big problem with highly qualified employees in the labor market.

It is very difficult to find such employees “from the street”, and the process of infusing them into the team is quite painful. You should always keep in mind that regardless of the skill level of a newcomer, he will fully join the work process only 1-2 months after the start of work. When hiring such employees, they go through several stages of selection. At the beginning, we look at resumes and study portfolios, then we give a test task. According to the results of the test task, the applicant is interviewed by the lead programmer, and after it - an interview with the director.

The final hiring decision is based on the totality of the results of each of these steps, with the opinion of the lead developer taking precedence, since it is with him new employee will interact first.

Low-skilled employees are much easier to find. We usually work with them on one or two test projects and only after that we hire them. The selection process in this case is different from the first option. At the first stage, we also look at the resume and portfolio, if any, after that the project manager conducts an interview and decides on cooperation. If the cooperation was successful, the employee remains on the staff or is entered into the database of remote employees and is subsequently involved in projects as needed.

The working hours of an IT company are determined depending on the working hours of the main clients.

The bulk of our customers are located in Moscow, so our working day is from 10.00 to 19.00 Moscow time, regardless of where our employees are located. Some employees can vary their work schedule, observing the rule - at least 8 hours a day, and some employees are deprived of such a privilege. If clients work from 10 to 19, sales managers and project managers must be in touch at the same time.

The execution time for one order varies from several days to several months, depending on the complexity, urgency and scope of the task. At the same time, you need to understand that not a single person will be able to work 24 hours a day, no matter how much the director of the company or clients would like. In order to avoid missed deadlines, overlapping tasks and constantly switching employees from one task to another, we use a planning system. Thanks to this, each employee knows exactly what he will do tomorrow, has a fairly clear work plan for the next week and rough plan work for a month.

All tasks received from clients are formulated in the system, assigned to a specialist and scheduled by date and time. The only exceptions are very urgent tasks:

if a client has something broken in a running project, this is a very good reason to postpone all other tasks and throw resources into fixing the problem.

Our practice has shown that the location of the office does not matter for clients, it is much more convenient for them to meet on their territory. The presence of an office in the center can confirm the high status of the company, but it is definitely not worth incurring huge costs because of this. Therefore, when choosing an office, one can only take into account how convenient it will be for employees to get to it, and it is quite possible to place it on the outskirts, but within transport accessibility.

If employees work in the office, it is also desirable to consider how convenient it will be for them to go to lunch - are there canteens, cafes and restaurants nearby, or is it easier to arrange lunch delivery to the office. It is highly desirable to have a cooler, tea, coffee and sweets in the office. The presence of a microwave and a multicooker is also not a direct necessity, but adds convenience.

We have given up the office and our employees are happy because they do not need to spend time on the road, and they are free to choose a place to work. ​​​​​​​

There are no requirements for IT companies in terms of layout and ceiling height, but the room should be light and spacious enough so that employees do not sit on each other's heads. It is advisable to plan the placement of specialists in such a way that they have a sense of isolation from each other.

The maximum area depends on the number of employees simultaneously in the office and common sense. The office should be spacious and comfortable enough for all employees to feel comfortable in it. At the same time, people working on the same project should be directly accessible to each other.

As for contracts and documents for the premises, as a rule, an IT company chooses an office in office center, and there the owner of the premises or the management company deals with these issues. Therefore, an IT company only needs a lease agreement. However, this contract must be carefully considered when negotiating to avoid the pitfalls of a sudden increase in rent or an unexpected request to vacate the premises urgently.

The documents

EmployeesIT companies produce an intellectual product, so it is necessary to resolve the issue of copyright for it.

When it comes to working with a customer, there are two options. In the first, we reserve copyright. And in the second, if an individual design or individual visualization elements is being developed, we transfer non-exclusive rights to them to the customer. That is, he can use them, but cannot resell them. In this case, the authorship remains with us. This is necessary so that we can add the work to our portfolio and put authorship on the client’s website.

Opening checklist

Is it profitable to open

In order to determine the cost of fulfilling an order, you first need to understand exactly what the cost of an hour of a company's work is. It consists of fixed and variable costs divided by the average number of working hours per month.

Knowing the cost is important, first of all, because at the initial stage of work, without a good portfolio, it will be very difficult to receive expensive projects and you will have to be content with little, and sometimes even give additional discounts. Knowing the cost, it will be possible to rely on it, understanding exactly how much you can move in price, incurring allowable costs.

The order fulfillment price is determined based on the costs that the company will incur for its implementation, the risks involved and the desired profit. With a long-term existence of the company and work on standard orders, some types of work can later be included in the price list, since the average cost of these works will be known in advance.

AT general view, the calculation is performed based on an estimate of the projected time for the project. For the most accurate estimate, it is important at the design stage to break the project into small tasks so that each of them takes no more than 8-12 hours. This will keep the chance of error to a minimum. ​​​​​​​

In general, our calculation looks something like this: the number of estimated hours * the cost of an hour of the company's work * 1.3 (corrective risk factor; may vary) * N, where N is the profit factor. The owner of the company determines it independently, guided by common sense and his own greed.

A very important aspect of the company's work is the preparation terms of reference for projects. Determining the exact cost of a project without a detailed technical specification is the biggest mistake that company employees can make.

In our company, the work on the project is built as follows:

• Getting a problem statement
• Preparation of a proposal with a preliminary assessment
• Conclusion of a contract for TK
• Design, development of detailed TOR and project prototypes
• Coordination of technical specifications and prototypes
• Signing of closing documents for the development of technical specifications
• Preparation of a detailed budget for the project
• Signing a contract for the development of the project
• Execution of project work
• Signing the closing documents for the project.

Depending on the scope of the project, the work can be divided into additional stages performed under separate contracts.

When developing projects, we try to follow the rule: "A big elephant should be eaten in small pieces." The more pieces, the less chance of error.

If you do not attract any additional investments and reduce investments to a minimum, you can reach the “zero” point with the very first 1-2 contracts.

The main thing is not to work without prepayment, no matter how you are persuaded. ​​​​​​​

The absence of an advance payment automatically reduces the degree of responsibility of the customer for the project, and as a result, a situation may arise when you have done all the work, and the client has disappeared. We take an advance payment of 50%, and this amount includes most of the costs of the project.

It is very difficult to orientate by the number of orders and the average check, since projects can be of the most different levels. Theoretically, 3 projects with a check of 150 thousand rubles will be equivalent to 30 projects with a check of 15 thousand rubles. But in fact, 2 projects of 300 thousand rubles each can be in operation at the same time. with a scope of work for 2 months and an even distribution of project amounts for this period, 3 projects for 100 thousand and 5 projects for 25 thousand each. All of them can be at different stages, performed by different specialists and form receivables that accumulate over time.

The payback period depends on the costs at the initial stage, as well as on the size operating expenses companies, including the level of salaries of specialists.

It is important to realistically assess opportunities in terms of the number and level of projects that can be contracted at an early stage.

If you hired an employee with a salary of 100 thousand rubles, and sign 2 contracts per month for 25 thousand rubles, you will definitely not last long.

Another important point: the more complex projects you want to receive, the higher the cost of attracting a client and the longer the period from the moment of the first contact to the conclusion of the contract.

In this case, with the same employee on a salary of 100 thousand rubles, the following situation may arise: you have a potential client with a project for 1 million rubles, you happily hire an employee, pay him a salary of 2-3 months while you are negotiating with a client, and only after that you receive the first tranche from the client. Well, if he covers the costs incurred, but what if the deal falls through? This probability also exists exactly until the money arrives in your current account.

Risk reduction occurs due to more thorough preparatory work with the client before the conclusion of the contract. We do not set ourselves the task of concluding an agreement at any cost. Our main task is to build long-term relationships with each client, and this is possible only when he trusts us as professionals, and we trust him as a customer.

There are several risks, we faced all of them:

• Insolvency of the client - the client starts a large-scale project, but in the middle of the project he runs out of funds, or the project becomes irrelevant. To minimize this risk, we break large projects into many stages with payment tied to them. This allows you to understand in time that funding is stopping, and to lose a minimum of time and money.
• Lack of technical specifications - sometimes sales managers have a great temptation: "Guys, we have a client for 500 thousand, let's work as soon as possible, sign an agreement, to hell with it, with technical specifications." And then it turns out that the client has a million Wishlist, and he refuses to pay for them, arguing this as follows: “But your manager promised me that everything would be as I want.”
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Engaging in the construction business helps not only to save, but also to increase money. Depending on how much the founder has, the direction in construction that the company will master also depends.

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At a relatively low cost, a small firm can carry out finishing work without obtaining an SRO permit. If funds allow, it is possible to carry out construction work on the construction of large objects (residential buildings and structures).

How to start a construction company?

In order to start your own business, it’s not enough just to say to yourself: “I want to open a company.” The work of any organization begins with the registration process with the tax office.

If you decide to register a limited liability company, you will need the following documents:

1. Copies of passports of all founders.
2. If one of the founders is a legal entity (for example, a construction company), you must provide copies of all constituent documents this organization.
3. Letter of Guarantee or Certificate of Ownership of the non-residential premises where your repair and construction company will be located.

To register as individual entrepreneur a copy of the passport certified by a notary is sufficient. How to open a construction company correctly can be found in any law firm that assists in registering enterprises.

Is it possible to do without SRO?

Most of the work performed by a construction organization requires obtaining a permit from the SRO - Self-Regulatory Organization of Builders.

The choice of SRO is made by each company independently. A list of such associations is published in unified register self-regulatory organizations of builders. This registry can be easily found on the Internet.

Having chosen an SRO, you need to contact its representative in your region, who will send by e-mail list of required documents and application form.

The following documents are required to join the SRO:

1. Certificate of OGRN and TIN.
2. Charter.
3. The decision (protocol) on the election of the head and the order on the appointment.
4. Extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities.
5. Diplomas of secondary technical and higher education engineering staff, as well as certificates of completion of advanced training courses.
6. Office Lease Agreement or Proof of Ownership.

Without entry into self-regulatory organization builders (SRO) can carry out the following activities:

1. Repair and finishing works.
2. Installation of light enclosing structures (doors and window openings).

Choosing your niche

A construction company can operate in three main areas:

• Industrial construction (buildings and structures for industrial purposes).
• Road construction (construction of highways, repair of road surface).
• Civil construction (residential buildings).

Each direction of activity means that the company can be engaged not only in construction work, but also in the dismantling of buildings and structures, as well as in preparing the construction site for work.

In addition to the main activities, the company can master a number of additional ones:

• Production and sale building materials.
• Rent out construction machinery and equipment.
• Conduct on-site training in construction specialties.
• Manage the storage of building materials.

The construction services market is quite developed, so all niches are occupied. In order to successfully engage in a certain type of activity, it is necessary to analyze the positions of competitors. This is the basis for the first entry into the market.

The tactic is as follows: since the market for construction services is vast, it is necessary to compete with existing companies by offering the strongest positions of your enterprise.

For example, when performing a certain type of work (improvement of the local area), construction waste is removed by the company free of charge.

The second option to firmly gain a foothold in the market is to offer consumers materials or technologies that are not available on the market or are poorly distributed. This includes the use of new materials in construction. For example, few firms carry out low-rise construction from twin-blocks, since this is a rather heavy material. Meanwhile, it is twin blocks that are environmentally friendly building materials.



Road and large-scale construction

These types of activities can be attributed to one of the highest paid. And this means that enterprises existing in this segment are unlikely to want to share a tasty morsel with a newcomer.

Usually large construction projects are supervised by public services. They often give out orders for such work.

If you are targeting this industry, you will need well-established connections in these authorities and an impressive amount that will be required to complete the work. Therefore, these options are not suitable for starting.

A small firm on the periphery or in the capital?

Opening a construction company in a metropolis is a very attractive, but also troublesome prospect. Firstly, the competition is huge and it will be very difficult to make a name for yourself. Secondly, to open a business you will need an impressive amount. But if you manage to gain a foothold here, then the profit can be quite high.

Small towns do not promise such earnings, but they can provide stable orders. It is possible to arrange the release own products: this will reduce the cost of purchasing building materials. The most profitable type of production is the manufacture of scaffolding, as well as blocks or log cabins.



As an option, you can try to start a business in a suburb or a small town, gradually moving closer to the metropolis: notify potential clients, look for orders in the capital.

Opening of a repair and decoration company

Apartment renovation and decoration are the most demanded services in construction. It makes sense to try to act in this direction. However, the abundance of firms performing this type of work will not allow you to immediately become a prominent figure. This takes time.

You can occupy a niche in the construction market by lowering the prices for services, but within reasonable limits. As long as the rates offered cover the costs of the firm, there is no risk of ruin for the firm.

At the initial stage of activity, it is not necessary to recruit ordinary workers; construction teams can be hired under a contract.

This option will save on payment to employees - contractors are paid upon completion of work, and not monthly, as with full-time employees.

Construction company business plan: how much does it cost to start a business from scratch?

To open construction company you need to clearly understand how much money you need to invest in the enterprise. The main items of the cost part are the costs of registering an enterprise, obtaining an SRO permit, the cost of rent, material and technical part and the payroll.

For the functioning of the company requires the following staff:

If your type of activity requires mandatory entry into the SRO, you will have to pay the following amounts:

The cost of creating a material and technical base:

Tool type	unit of measurement	Price	Qty	Total (rubles)
Perforator Skil 1755 AA	PCS.	3000	1	3000
Screwdriver Interskol Sh-700 ER	PCS.	2000	1	2000
Laser level	PCS.	1400	1	1400
Jigsaw Casals	PCS.	1200	1	1200
STERN tool set	PCS.	1200	2	2400
Manual tile cutter	PCS.	1800	1	1800
Drill BE 600 R	PCS.	2900	1	2900
A hammer	PCS.	200	5	1000
Specialist. clothes	PCS.	1500	10	15000
Vehicle (cargo Gazelle)	PCS.	150000	1	150000
A computer	PCS.	16000	2	32000
MFP with phone	PCS.	9000	1	9000
Total	220700

Thus, the cost of opening a construction company is:

As for the rest of the costs associated with opening a construction company, they include the cost of renting equipment (only if there is no own material and technical base).

By the way, renting equipment is much more profitable for a company that is just starting out. This allows you to save money for the subsequent purchase of construction equipment on lease or on credit. We are talking about large equipment - trucks, construction cranes, bulldozers.

Normal in construction is the rate of return of 10 - 15%. This indicates that the planned, estimated and actual levels of the enterprise's work are built correctly.

Currently, among construction organizations, the rate of return has noticeably decreased and averages 7-9%. The decrease in profitability is due to the fact that the amount of overhead costs does not change, at the same time, the cost of building materials and staff costs are growing every year.

All of these factors affect the turnaround time. In order to return the invested funds, construction companies are forced to reduce prices for their services, offer customers more profitable terms. Accordingly, the cash flow and the amount of profit decrease and, as a result, the profitability of the business decreases.

For the successful operation of a construction organization, it is necessary to draw up indicative list upcoming expenses. Can be ordered ready business plan company development or based on an example of a business plan on the Internet.

Development of your construction business

To develop your own business, especially at first, special attention should be paid to brand promotion: you should inform about the company and its capabilities. Promotional activities, carried out correctly, always bear fruit.



Marketing

The main system that allows construction organizations to navigate the service market is marketing. With its help, construction firms get the opportunity to regulate the structure of the enterprise, identify possible risks, improve external and internal communications, which ultimately helps to optimize the work of the construction organization.

The main areas of marketing in construction are:

1. Analysis of demand for construction services, study of price growth dynamics.
2. Ensuring that the activities of the organization meet the requirements of the market for full utilization of production capacities.
3. Formation of the structure of promotion of services and demand for construction products.
4. Analysis of consumer demand and solving tasks for the implementation of work with the involvement of third-party (partner) organizations.
5. Timely updating of the range of services and products.

World Wide Web Capabilities

The Internet plays an important role in the development of your own business. It is necessary to create your own website at the stage of obtaining SRO approval. The registration data of the organization must be indicated on the page, the landline phone number and a list of contact persons must be in a prominent place. Welcome to the customer testimonials page.

Today, an increasing number of customers are looking for performers ( construction organizations) over the Internet.

So the cost of creating a site can quickly pay off.

How can you open a construction company and not go bust?

Video about opening a construction business

Risk Analysis

In order to minimize the receipt of all kinds of losses, it is necessary to remember the risks that arise in the course of the construction company's activities.

The main risks include:

• Volume reduction construction works(for example, due to inflation).
• An increase in the rise in prices for products (building materials) or an increase in tax deductions (social taxes).

In addition to the main ones, there are a number of indirect risks:

• The delay in putting the construction object into operation entails untimely receipt of funds.
• Inflation rate exceeding the forecast.
• Sharp jumps in foreign exchange rates.
• Increase in costs.

All these risks must be constantly monitored to prevent possible losses. That is why at the stage of formation of activity construction company need to create a marketing department.

Where to find clients for newcomers

The easiest way to get clients is to advertise your services on free online boards. In addition, it is necessary to advertise construction services in 2-3 most popular printed editions your area (region). It is not bad to carry out a fan distribution of offers from your company using the Internet.

Many customers like it when, in addition to the ordered services, they receive bonuses.

For example, after the production of finishing work, cleaning of the premises is carried out by the construction company. It serves the best advertisement, since most potential customers trust the recommendations of customers.