Cafe from scratch what you need. How to open a restaurant from scratch: stages, cost, profitability. Equipment: approximate prices and characteristics

03.11.2019

Cafe is the most popular business format Catering. It doesn't take a multi-million dollar to start this business. costs. With a good work of the cafe, it is easy to acquire a permanent loyal clientele. You can work in one place for decades and even pass this business on by inheritance.

But for the cafe to bring constant stable income, before opening it, you need to study the key points of this business. Of course, nothing can replace your real experience, but still, it is worth knowing where to start if you decide to open your cafe from scratch.

For our users, we wrote a book about opening a small cafe, where we collected only practical advice, examples and calculations. It's a little more than just step-by-step instruction so we highly recommend you read it.

What will you learn by reading our book? Before you open your cafe, you need to answer a number of questions:

Where will you open a cafe? It will be a shopping center, a busy street, a residential area or a closed area such as office center, universities, enterprises?
Are there enough potential clients? How to estimate the expected attendance of your cafe?
How are your competitors doing? What niche in the catering market can you occupy?
Where to buy equipment, furniture and utensils for your cafe?
How to legally resolve the issue with musical accompaniment?
What do you need to get permission to open a cafe?

Our instruction book will tell you where to start to open your own cafe. But we did not limit ourselves only to describing the procedure for opening a cafe. You will also learn how to evaluate the restaurant's menu for profitability, what are the performance indicators of a working cafe, what should your chef do, and what area of responsibility should you control yourself.

How much does it cost to open a cafe from scratch

To understand how much money you need to open a cafe, you need to decide on the format of your establishment. At the preliminary stage of assessing the location, activities of competitors, possible attendance, average check, you can already assume what daily income your cafe will bring. A good payback period for a cafe would be one year of full operation, and that's what you need to base your calculations on how much money you need to open your cafe.

All costs for opening a cafe from scratch can be divided into one-time and those that will have to be borne for the entire period of the cafe's operation. Let's collect this data in a table:

We did not indicate in the table the most important item of expenditure - for the premises, since the situation here may be different:

Do you already have your own cafe space?
Are you planning to buy a property?
cafe space will be rented.

Most often, the premises for a cafe are rented. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, areas where there is good attendance are often located in shopping centers, where premises can only be rented. Secondly, renting rather than buying premises reduces the cost of opening a cafe. Thirdly, despite all the preliminary calculations, the location of the cafe may turn out to be unsuccessful.

You need to rent a space for a cafe wisely. About what you need to pay attention to when concluding a lease agreement with the owner, we told in our book. Well, if the premises are yours, congratulations, your risks when opening a cafe from scratch will be much less.

In each case, the amount of expenses when opening a cafe from scratch will be different. In our book, we calculated in detail and to the smallest detail the cost of opening a summer-type cafe for 20 people. One-time costs amounted to 500 thousand rubles, plus 330 thousand rubles were fixed costs for the first month of the cafe, taking into account the lease of the premises. Total, 830 thousand rubles.

For business starters, we advise you to consider the option of a franchise in the field of catering. Opening a franchise cafe in some cases will be cheaper, due to the fact that the franchisor is interested in promoting his brand. For example, he may offer you equipment in installments, for rent, or even for free use. Of course, he will reimburse his expenses later when he receives monthly payments from you, but at the first stage, running a franchise cafe will help you start making a profit faster.

When choosing a franchise, keep in mind that the cost and income examples in the franchisor's proposal may not be entirely accurate. The franchisor is interested in selling you a franchise, so recalculate all the figures yourself and add those costs that are not taken into account in his rosy picture.

Are you planning to start your own business? Do not forget about the current account - it will simplify doing business, paying taxes and insurance premiums. Moreover, now many banks offer profitable terms opening and maintaining a current account. You can get acquainted with the offers on our site.

How to open a cafe from scratch: a business plan

Do I need a business plan to open a cafe? If we talk about a professionally written document with formulas, graphs and marketing research, then it will be expensive. Unfortunately, even an expensive document prepared by specialists will not guarantee you the declared income figures. A business plan is just a plan; only the cost figures will be more or less accurate in it.

Nevertheless, before you open your own cafe, you must definitely calculate its revenue side. Yes, it will only be assumed, but you have to imagine what you can expect with a good organization of the cafe.

We propose to replace a professional business plan for opening a cafe with an example with calculations of expenses and revenues. You can also find such an example in our book. In this example, we calculated not only the amount of expenses, but also how many visitors should enter the cafe, what should be average check, and what can be the payback period of your cafe.

What documents are needed to open a cafe

What permissions are needed to open a cafe? A cafe is a public catering enterprise, and such establishments are under increased attention of supervisory authorities. Answering the question: “What does it take to open a cafe?”, we must draw your attention to the presence of certain bureaucratic barriers.

Unfortunately, the process of obtaining permits for opening a cafe can take you a lot of time. The procedure itself is not explicitly spelled out in any regulatory act, because approvals must be obtained in different services.

The package of documents for opening a cafe in 2019 will include:

coordination with the fire inspectorate;
sanitary and epidemiological conclusion from Rospotrebnadzor on the compliance of the cafe with the requirements;
permission to open a cafe from the local administration;
permission to place outdoor advertising;
a license to sell alcohol, if you sell it;
coordination with the police on the placement of a panic button.

The most difficult thing will be to get permission from Rospotrebnadzor to open a cafe, because. for this, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of several special documents (SNiP). During the issuance of the conclusion, Rospotrebnadzor will request contracts for disinfection, garbage disposal, laundry services, a technological project for connecting equipment to electricity, water, sewerage, and other documents. Next, the sanitary program will be approved production control, according to the plan of which further activities will be checked. We advise you not to conclude a lease until you know sanitary requirements to your type of cafe. It is possible that the room you have chosen may not correspond to them at all.

It is easier to open a cafe in a room where there was already a catering point, or in a shopping center in the format of a food court, where the administration of the shopping center will provide some assistance in obtaining permits.

You can answer what documents are needed to open a cafe in Russia in specialized law firms that help in obtaining various kinds of licenses, approvals, permits. It is no secret that connections, knowledge of the procedure, regional peculiarities are of great importance in this matter, therefore, if you have the opportunity to order such services, you should take advantage of this.

In any case, do not despair, you can get permits for opening a cafe on your own, especially since you only need to do this once. Look how many active catering outlets are around, they all managed to overcome these bureaucratic obstacles. You can too.

As the most competitive and complex field of activity, many call catering business.

But this does not mean that it is so great and inaccessible that an absolute beginner will not be able to cope with it. The main thing is to adhere to regularity and accuracy in your actions.

Nowadays, even small towns are ready to please visitors with a huge variety of small and large restaurants. A young institution will be able to compete with them only if it has a very narrow focus. For example, if it is delicious to cook Chinese, French or Italian food.

In addition, according to experienced businessmen, the literacy and determination of the owner has a strong influence on the success of the work. But if this business is something new and unknown for you, then it is better not to resort to drastic and drastic measures, but to monitor the reaction of visitors to the introduction of one or another additional service.

The success of the institution largely depends on:

from a good professional chef;
from the zest peculiar to your institution;
from a good location.

The danger of bankruptcy scares many novice businessmen, and for good reason, because such an outcome is far from uncommon.

Interesting material on how to properly engage in such activities is presented in the following video:

Where to begin? Required documents

Before proceeding with checks and collecting documents, you need to provide yourself with a room ready for use.

The catering establishment usually Constituent documents such legal entity should consist of:

decisions of the founders on the creation;
certificate of registration of a legal entity;
an order appointing a director;
charter;
certificate of receipt of TIN;
letters with statistical codes (OKVED, OKPO, OKFS, etc.);
certificates of registration with the MHIF;
certificates of registration in the PF;
agreements for opening a bank account.

If such a form as a CJSC or OJSC was chosen, then documents on shares must be additionally attached. The simplest organizational form is an IP, but at the same time it causes very close attention tax office.

As for the premises, there must be documentary evidence that it is owned or officially rented.

The concept of the institution

The basis of the restaurant should be interesting idea. But even if it is not there, this should not become an obstacle to starting your own business. The main thing is to have a detailed concept in stock, consisting of:

restaurant positioning;
distinctive features of the business project;
organizational and staff management structures;
effectively organized zoning and maximum functionality of the premises;
detailed instructions on maintenance methods;
legend and original name;
menu project;
competitive analysis;
list of basic and additional services;
recommendations regarding advertising and promotion.

Selection of a suitable place, repair and furnishing

The choice of premises is one of the most difficult issues, because it has high technical requirements.

There are not so many premises suitable for a restaurant even in large cities, and even those that exist are filled very quickly. Of course, you can do construction, but usually restaurateurs do not resort to such a costly method. If you have enough money, it is better to buy a room - this is the most profitable option.

If you plan to rent, then you need to immediately sign a contract for several years. This will allow you to calculate the costs, because its cost for a given period will be fixed.

The size and shape of the room is only a matter of your preference, but there are things you need to pay attention to:

communications (water supply, electricity, sewerage) must be in perfect condition;
additional sound insulation and ventilation if the establishment is located in a residential building;
the general condition of the premises, because unsuitable finishes will result in large financial costs.

The most proven option, especially for beginners, is renting a room that previously housed a restaurant.

When equipping a point, you need to pay attention to the combination of furniture with walls and floors, chandeliers with other lighting fixtures and other points that affect the presentable appearance of the room and the emerging opinion. Another important point is a cash desk and a cloakroom located nearby.

No restaurant setting without a focal point- a fountain, a huge aquarium, an original bar counter, a stage, etc. This is the main landmark for all tables located in the hall. By the way, the correct arrangement of tables can both positively and negatively affect the reputation of the institution. Customers value unobtrusive service most of all, and this can only be achieved if there is a large distance between tables.

Carrying out repairs or redevelopment requires compliance with sanitary and epidemiological rules:

the height of the room is at least 3 meters to be able to install exhaust zones;
the presence of all engineering communications, signaling, as well as a service entrance;
proper distribution of space, for example, the kitchen should occupy at least 50% of the total area;
obligatory presence in the kitchen of a distributing, cold and hot shops;
rational arrangement: the refrigeration unit should not be adjacent to the oven or deep fryer;
carefully organized flow of raw materials and products.

Equipment that is necessary for the kitchen and hall

Regardless of the type of institution, its orientation and size, the modern level of equipment provides for the presence of:

thermal equipment - stoves, frying surfaces, deep fryers, ovens, water heaters, convection ovens, etc.;
electromechanical equipment - vegetable cutters, fish peelers, potato peelers, meat grinders, packaging machines;
dishwashers;
refrigeration equipment;
technological equipment and stainless steel furniture;
equipped bar;
equipment for the hall - chairs, tables, audio systems, air conditioners;
sanitary goods and production racks;
computers and cash registers.

The choice of one or another technique depends largely on the quality, warranty period, level and period after-sales service, cost and country of origin.

The predominance of exclusively imported equipment on the market has been replaced by the appearance of high-quality equipment of domestic manufacturers that can compete with German, French or Italian counterparts.

Staff

Any restaurant cannot do without:

bartender. For a small establishment, 1 person is enough, and if there is a large attendance or a wide range of cocktails, then you can take an assistant to him.
barista, which will be able to surprise visitors with excellent coffee.
Waiters. The optimal number of visitors for one employee is 15 people.
maitre d'. This vacancy is typical for a large institution. His duties include the welcome part, the initial order and the coordination of the work of the waiters.
manager, in official duties which includes solving organizational issues, compiling menus, recruiting personnel and determining the work schedule.
Kitchen workers: chefs and chefs.

Most often, the restaurant uses hourly wages. To set the time to go to the shift of an employee, there is a special schedule, the preparation of which should be based on:

the required number of employees;
the number of visitors;
staff qualifications;
interests of employees (combining several jobs or students).

In addition, it is necessary to take into account everyday circumstances, sometimes leading to the fact that an employee cannot go to work.

Procurement of products, menu development

The new restaurant can count on 10-15% workload, therefore, the chef will be able to independently determine the required amount of products.

The initial supply of the bar, of course, is known to the bartender, but since most of the alcoholic products are expensive, the director prefers to control its consumption and the rest.

A good restaurant should always have a so-called “shelf” bottle of cognac worth at least 1 thousand dollars, which someone will definitely buy at least once a year. And the assortment of the wine list should range from 50 to 70 positions.

The menu of the institution, which is characterized by an average pricing policy, should include the following main items:

hot dishes: from meat and fish at least 6 pieces, from poultry - at least 3;
several low-calorie dishes (salads) that women usually prefer.

The restaurant menu is usually focused on achieving maximum profitability, therefore, the restaurateur must track down dishes that are not popular and get rid of them.

Restaurant advertising

Any kind of promotion pursues the goal, in one way or another connected with the stimulation of demand. The promotion path depends on various factors: the direction of the cuisine, pricing policy, the design of the trading floor or the quality of service.

Among the main types of promotion are advertising, publicity and personal selling.

Allocate:

outdoor advertising- a sign, which is also mandatory requirement local authority to each restaurant. To attract customers, they also use panels, brackets or plastic figures of people.
Internal advertising, often represented by all kinds of booklets and leaflets, which contain information about the institution and planned or possible events.
Internet. A properly organized and promoted website is a very effective method of attracting a potential guest. The most important thing is to strictly monitor the menu - the visitor must be aware of each change.
mass media. An extraordinary and bright layout is an excellent advertising ploy.
Souvenir products e.g. matches, lighters, toothpicks, glasses, etc.
Discounts for a business lunch, set lunch, dish of the day, etc.

How much does it cost?

There are many options for opening such a business, and it is almost impossible to describe the costs of each. Let's dwell on the option that involves renting a finished premises, which has all the necessary equipment:

15,000 rubles - registration of an LLC;
6,500 - payment for the work of an SES employee who will measure lighting and noise for compliance with standards;
50,000 - the purchase of various kinds of small things: tablecloths, spoons, knives, rags, buckets, etc.;
300,000 - the cost of a license giving the right to trade alcoholic products;
144,000 - salary of employees:
- chef - 25,000 rubles;
- hot shop cook (2 people) - 20,000 rubles;
- cold shop cook - 8,000 rubles;
- rootstock - 5,000 rubles;
- cleaning lady - 5,000 rubles;
- dishwasher - 5,000 rubles;
- accountant - 8,000 rubles.
We multiply this entire amount (except for the accountant's salary) by 2, since the establishment's working hours are on average 16 hours.
100,000 - food;
rent at the rate of 1000 rubles per 1 sq. m.;
Payment of utility services;
advertising.

Payback periods and approximate profit

The payback period and the level of profitability of the institution are influenced by various factors: location (the most successful option is a large microdistrict with a large number of offices), high-quality food in demand, a wide assortment and a beautifully designed menu.

Subject to these simple rules, the restaurant will be able to pay for itself in 2-2.5 years.

The profitability of the business is almost entirely dependent on the restaurateur, who must effectively organize the process, gain regular customers and constantly engage in attracting new ones.

The selection of worthy qualified personnel, the provision of impeccable service, a competent approach to menu preparation, the arrangement of an exquisite interior and the organization of competent management allow us to count on a yield of 30 to 50%.

It is unlikely that the business in the field of catering can be attributed to simple ways receiving income. To achieve success here, not impressive enough start-up capital and an ardent desire to become a restaurateur: in addition, at least an understanding of the characteristics of the enterprise, the ability to work with people, iron nerves and full personal dedication is required.

Entrepreneurs considering how to open their cafe from scratch usually take into account only the prestige and profitability of such a business, forgetting about the "pitfalls" in the form of numerous bureaucratic procedures, the difficulty of finding decent and responsible staff, and a high level of competition. Therefore, the decision to open your own establishment must be preceded by a comprehensive study of the issue, careful planning and a certain moral preparation.

Business Features

The distinctive features of any cafe is its concept, the target audience and pricing policy. The business idea should include the development of a unique trade offer that distinguishes the institution from competitors: as such, you can use exclusive dishes, live music, a special interior design or a non-standard way of service.

In the absence of experience in the field of catering, an entrepreneur will inevitably have a question - where to start opening a cafe. This cannot be done without seeking answers to the following questions:

How successful is the business with competitors?
Where will the establishment be opened? In a shopping center, on a city street, in a residential area or in a closed area of an enterprise?
How many potential customers will have access to the cafe located here?
of the year? Are there free destinations on the market? Is it possible to create your own unique format of the institution?
What are the sanitary requirements for the selected type of cafe?

The smallest details should be thought through. Of course, not all mistakes of a novice restaurateur are critical, but an overly optimistic view of problems such as regular checks, theft of staff, complaints from surrounding residents about noise, or the wrong choice of a market niche can cause a rather painful failure.

Choice of venue format

It is hardly possible to name any other type of business that provides the same opportunities for creative manifestations: the number various formats public catering establishments is so large that it is possible to classify them only approximately. Therefore, as a first approximation, cafes are divided by:

By assortment - specialized (barbecue, pizzerias, pancake, grill bars) and non-specialized (including those with national cuisine);
By target audience (children's, sports, student, art cafes);
By the form of service (with waiters or with a distribution line);
By territorial location (in shopping centers, on the streets, in recreation areas);
By seasonality (summer and working all year round).

The most common cafe formats are:

Fast food. It is popular due to its availability and moderate pricing policy. Among other things, the assortment of the institution should include burgers, hot dogs, chicken rolls, french fries, chicken wings, coffee, beer and carbonated drinks. How to open a cafe fast food from scratch: most often, entrepreneurs buy one of the franchises, the number of which is now measured in dozens;
Cafe bar. The most common format that can accommodate 25-50 people. The institution is characterized by the presence of a full-fledged kitchen, which allows the visitor to order cold and hot dishes for alcoholic, hot or soft drinks;
Family cafe. In institutions of this type, it is supposed to organize joint leisure activities for adults and children, there is a play area and a hall for parents. How to open a family cafe from scratch: the project should include a place for a children's room, and the staff of the enterprise should provide for the position of an animator;
Children's Cafe. The target audience of such an institution is exclusively children, therefore the assortment includes reduced portions of light snacks, milkshakes, juices, chocolate, confectionery. How to open a children's cafe from scratch: the emphasis should be on colorful interior design, order children's furniture, develop original food design and provide a place for a play area;
Roadside cafe. Institutions of this type are recommended to open only on their own plot of land, located near a busy highway. The menu focuses on fast food, as diners tend to be in a hurry. How to open a roadside cafe from scratch: you can build a prefabricated structure, but you will have to take care of water supply, heating and connection to electrical networks;
Internet cafe. Of course, network access mobile devices almost everyone has it, so when developing the cafe concept, the emphasis should not be on computers, but on a bar offering coffee and snacks. : the list of required equipment should include modern PCs, routers, and also provide for connection to a high-speed leased line.

Business Advantages and Disadvantages

Today, many busy people can no longer afford to spend time on cooking, preferring to use the services of catering establishments. Against the backdrop of growing demand, many entrepreneurs are interested in how to open their own cafe, where to start such a business: the process should include studying all the advantages and disadvantages of such an activity.

Positive factors include:

High profitability and acceptable payback period of the business;
The ability to identify your target audience;
Growing demand for catering establishments;
The list of what you need to open a cafe from scratch does not include special knowledge and training requirements.

There are several more disadvantages to this type of business, and the main one among them is the impossibility of accurately forecasting demand. Calculations of attendance and the amount of the average check are reliable only in a statistical sample: in fact, the income of two neighboring cafes can differ significantly. Other negative factors include:

High level of competition;
Difficulty in finding suitable premises;
The amount of capital required to open a small cafe from scratch - the cost of premises and equipment can reach several million rubles;
The difficulty of working with perishable food;
The dependence of business on the human factor (the quality of work of cooks, the honesty of waiters and bartenders, the adequacy of visitors).

Activity registration

The legalization of the activities of the future catering establishment is a prerequisite for the question of how to open a cafe from scratch: step-by-step instructions include registering an enterprise, registration permits for the premises and the coordination of the assortment in Rospotrebnadzor.

When choosing a legal form, it must be taken into account that the status individual entrepreneur does not allow organizing the sale of alcoholic products. Therefore, cafe owners open two enterprises: an individual entrepreneur for the sale of food products and an LLC for the sale of strong alcoholic beverages. Calculating how much it will cost to open a cafe, we can assume that the fee for registering an LLC is 4,000 rubles, while an individual entrepreneur will cost only 800 rubles.

UTII or USN is used as a taxation system. The first option is used with a large cash flow for cafes whose hall area does not exceed 150 m². The main drawback of the second is the limitation of annual profit at the level of 60 million rubles.

Before that, you will have to obtain permission from Rospotrebnadzor to place a new catering establishment, which indicates the type of facility and the duration of its operation.

Among other things, employees of the supervisory authority are interested in:

Availability of contracts for garbage collection, processing of overalls, disinsection, deratization of premises and water supply;
Availability of contracts for the supply of raw materials, veterinary certificates for meat and fish, health books at the staff;
Arrangement of the corner of the consumer;
Availability of the required set of equipment, compliance with the rules for the separate storage of meat and other products.

The second thing you need to open a cafe is permission from the SES. You should take care of obtaining it in advance, designing the layout, equipment of the premises and the direction of production flows in accordance with SanPiN 2.3.6.1079-01.

The third permit is issued by the State Fire Supervision Service on the basis of the compliance of the institution's engineering networks with the requirements of SNiP and fire safety rules, the presence of fire alarms, fire extinguishers and emergency exits.

So, what documents are needed to open a cafe? The list includes:

Certificates of registration of the enterprise and registration with the tax service;
A letter from Rosstat indicating the OKVED codes and their decoding;
Documents confirming the rights to the trading facility;
Trade patent issued by the local government;
Permission of the State Fire Supervision;
SES permission;
Agreement with a security company;
contracts with utilities;
A certificate from the BTI, including a plan of the facility.

To open a mini cafe from scratch in accordance with the law, in trading floor should also be posted:

Fire evacuation plan;
Book of Complaints;
Information on the registration of the enterprise and permission to sell alcohol;
Name and weight of products (indicated in the menu and on price tags);
The text of the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights".

Cafe business plan

“I want to open a cafe - where to start?” The answer to this question is the same for any kind entrepreneurial activity: You should start with the development of a business plan. The project takes into account not only the main costs and possible income, but also other factors that determine the success of the future enterprise. The most important of these is the size of the target audience, which is estimated by approximately counting the number of people of the required social status living or working within a radius of 1-2 km from the location of the cafe. The plan also includes the following sections:

Assortment and pricing policy of the enterprise;
Work schedule, personnel plan;
List of services provided;
Analysis of the market situation;
Analysis of competitors' activity, their advantages and disadvantages;
Investment plan and overall project schedule;
Calculation of the main economic indicators.

When calculating how much money you need to open a cafe, it is important to take into account all possible costs. In some cases, the cost of fines, dry cleaning, the monthly purchase of napkins, or covering cash shortages can be an unpleasant surprise for the entrepreneur. Finally, before you open a cafe, the premises will definitely have to be renovated: this process has a characteristic tendency to go beyond the budget.

Requirements for location and interior

On the question of how to open a small cafe from scratch, the search problem suitable place requires the most responsible approach. If we are not talking about a trendy or specialized institution, for the sake of which customers will be ready to travel through the whole city, then it is more expedient to consider the possibility of renting a room in a large shopping center or in a building of the first line. When calculating how much money you need to open a cafe, you should take into account that the tariffs here are quite high, but the prospect of ending up with a high-traffic establishment fully justifies the costs - provided that the object meets the following criteria:

The object is located near the places of accumulation of potential customers - in a residential area, business center or in a recreation area;
The format and price category of the institution are optimal for attracting the appropriate target audience;
It is not recommended to open a cafe on the site of predecessors who closed the establishment for unknown reasons;
The selected building is not subject to reconstruction or demolition in the near future;
The surrounding area includes convenient parking and access roads for suppliers' vehicles.

room

In order to open a cafe bar from scratch, you need to order the development of a project by experienced architects. When determining the size and layout of the hall in accordance with sanitary standards, each seat requires at least 2 m² of area. Thus, taking into account the aisles between the tables in a room of 100 m², 35–40 visitors can be accommodated; another 10 m² will have to be allocated for the installation of a bar counter.

Other requirements for the facility are the availability of ventilation, water supply, sewerage and connection to electrical networks with a capacity of 45–50 kW. The process of cooking on stoves and in ovens is accompanied by an increased consumption of electricity and the operation of a powerful hood; it is possible that in the question of whether it will be necessary to provide for the costs of laying a separate power line.

Interior

The demand for a cafe is to a certain extent determined by its style: it is unlikely that the banal painted walls and whitewashed ceilings will attract visitors. Therefore, asking yourself the question: “I want to open a cafe - what is needed for this?” - It should be understood that one cannot do it on one's own when developing interior design.

The design process should be preceded by the definition of the concept of the institution: the task of the designer is to create a style that is understandable and close to the target audience. In addition, it is desirable to determine in advance the budget of the project and the price category of finishing materials: the preferred architectural solutions depend on this.

Accommodation costs

Thus, the main items of expenditure preceding the opening of the institution are associated with the premises. Considering how much it costs to open a cafe in Moscow, it should be understood that the rates for the work of designers and builders here are two to three times higher than in other regional centers, however, the average bill in establishments of this type is 1400–1700 rubles.

Equipment

When calculating how much it costs to open a small cafe, it is recommended to provide for the purchase of only professional equipment: as practice shows, not a single household appliance will last more than a month in this mode of operation. In a pinch, you can find used stoves, ovens, and freezers, but to avoid unexpected failure, it’s best to replace them with new ones as soon as possible. knives, cutting boards, work tables and food refrigerators are bought in double quantities, since sanitary standards provide for separate storage and processing of meat.

No less responsibly should be approached to the choice of furniture for the hall. Some guides on how to open a small cafe from scratch suggest the use of plastic furniture, but most often this does not correspond to either the status or the concept of the establishment. It is advisable to choose strong and aesthetic tables and chairs made of wood and metal. As for the bar counter - here the suppliers offer a sufficient number of ready-made options, different in price and design.

Kitchen equipment

Name	Quantity	price, rub.	Amount, rub.
Electric stove with grill	1	30 000	30 000
hob	1	12 000	12 000
fryer	1	8 000	8 000
Oven cabinet	1	28 000	28 000
Ventilation system	1	4 000	4 000
microwave oven	2	2 500	5 000
Mixer	1	2 000	2 000
Kettle	2	1 500	4 500
Refrigerator for drinks	1	8 000	8 000
Coffee maker	1	4 000	4 000
vegetable cutter	1	4 000	4 000
electronic scales	2	4 000	8 000
Washing bath	2	4 000	8 000
Work table	2	8 000	16 000
Refrigerator	2	30 000	60 000
Knife set	3	7 000	21 000
Cookware set	2	10 000	20 000
Total:			242 500

Hall equipment

	Quantity	price, rub.	Amount, rub.
Cash machine	1	18 000	18 000
Tableware set for the hall	40	1 200	48 000
Set of textiles for the hall	40	1 000	40 000
Table	10	5 000	50 000
Chair	40	2 000	80 000
Air conditioner	2	5 900	11 800
bar counter	1	80 000	80 000
Bar chair	4	2 500	10 000
Overalls	17	1 000	17 000
A computer	1	10 500	10 500
Alarm system	2	10 000	20 000
Other costs	1	50 000	50 000
Total:			435 300

Staff

A balanced approach to staff recruitment is what you need to open a cafe from scratch and keep visitors, since it is the attentiveness, professionalism and decency of employees that determine whether a client will become a permanent one. Waiters and bartenders should not only know the composition and prices of the offered dishes and drinks, but also be able to serve the client, calmly resolve the conflict situation.

The chief in the kitchen is the chef. The efforts associated with finding a qualified specialist for this position pay off in full: high quality, interesting design dishes and the presence of a "signature" feature in the process of preparing or serving them will surely leave an indelible impression on visitors.

Among the things you need to open a cafe, we should mention the development of a personnel plan: employees critical for the functioning of the establishment should be duplicated in case of illness, absenteeism and other unforeseen circumstances. Most often, work is organized in shifts according to the “two working days / two days off” schedule.

Cafe staff

Job title	Quantity	Rate, rub.	Expenses, rub.
Administrator	2	25 000	50 000
Accountant	1	20 000	20 000
Chef	1	40 000	40 000
Cook	4	18 000	72 000
Waiter	4	15 000	60 000
Bartender	2	25 000	50 000
support worker	2	15 000	30 000
Dishwasher	2	15 000	30 000
Cleaning woman	1	15 000	15 000
Total:	19		367 000

Financial investments

To determine how much it costs to open a cafe from scratch, you must first solve the problem of selecting premises. Depending on whether it will be rented, bought or built independently, one can judge the initial investment and the payback period of the project. Most often, entrepreneurs are limited to renting for the following reasons:

In shopping centers, the area cannot be redeemed;
Renting significantly reduces the required amount of start-up capital;
In case of an unsuccessful choice of a place, it is somewhat easier to stop the activity.

In the question of how much it costs to open a cafe, there are initial and ongoing monthly expenses necessary for the normal functioning of the institution:

Starting costs

Current expenses

Profit and profitability

The calculation of cafe profit includes variables such as the amount of the average check and the level of attendance. You can estimate the number of customers empirically by making appropriate measurements near competitors' establishments, and the order price is an accessible statistical indicator that you need to familiarize yourself with before opening a cafe from scratch; the cost of an average check in the regional center of Russia is 600 rubles in the daytime and 1200 rubles in the evening, while in Moscow each visitor leaves an average of 1450-1700 rubles in a cafe.

Considering current expenses of 687 thousand rubles, it is possible to calculate the break-even point: with a daily turnover of 22,900 rubles, the cafe will start to make a profit. This amount will be left in the institution by 25–30 visitors, each of whom will place an order for 700–900 rubles. With attendance of 40-50 people per day, the monthly turnover of the cafe will already be 840-1050 thousand rubles, which means a net profit of 153-363 thousand rubles and a profitability of 22-25%.

The next thing you need to open a cafe bar is to calculate the payback period of the project. At the same time, it should be noted that not a single catering establishment starts working at full capacity from the very first day: the process of developing a client base can take two to three months. Therefore, to the indicated initial costs of 1,406,900 rubles, one should add the costs necessary to ensure the functioning of the cafe during this period - at least 750–775 thousand rubles. Thus, the payback point will be reached no earlier than 7-14 months after the start of work.

conclusions

The process of designing a new catering establishment is essentially creative. When choosing which cafe to open, you can consider dozens of different formats and varieties or develop your own unique concept. Interior design, corporate identity, menu design and dish names also provide a vast field for imagination and creative imagination. The main condition is that the idea must be in demand among the target audience, since it is customer loyalty that determines the viability of such a business idea.
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Why a mini cafe?
Choice of premises for a cafe
Cafe fixed costs
Step by step opening plan
- - - Similar business ideas:

According to some representatives of the restaurant business, the most successful mini-cafes are those that sell fresh pastries and cakes. That is, products that are always in demand in such establishments. Good location and low prices are also important - the main criteria for the success of a mini-cafe.

Why a mini cafe?

Today, a common method of entering the restaurant business is to open a small, so-called mini-cafe. The best option for a novice entrepreneur and you can not imagine. Firstly, the popularity of catering among the country's population is increasing every year. Secondly, the market is still ready to accept new players, despite high competition. Thirdly, to open a cafe, you don’t need rich experience and “bumps stuffed over the years” - there are plenty of franchise offers in this direction.

At the same time, you do not need to stand out with any exotic assortment. In institutions of this kind, the main emphasis is on cold appetizers - salads, sandwiches, pizza. From hot - soups, dishes from semi-finished products, desserts. Most of the prepared dishes are imported.

How much money do you need to open a mini-cafe

According to economists, even a small cafe will require investments of at least 700 thousand rubles. And this despite the fact that the premises under the cafe are rented. Mandatory costs include:

Purchase of kitchen equipment and furniture. The most expensive items are refrigeration equipment (150 thousand rubles), a ventilation system (100 thousand rubles), tables and chairs (7 thousand rubles per seat), a bar counter (70 thousand rubles). Total for this article costs will take at least 500 thousand rubles. Read the article for more details: How to choose equipment for a cafe.
Refurbishment and interior design. The size of this article directly depends on the taste and wishes of the owner. You can make a modest layout for 200-300 thousand rubles, or you can lay down several million to create the uniqueness and originality of the interior.
Installation of automation programs and anti-theft systems - about 70-90 thousand rubles.
Acquisition of an alcohol license (if required) - 60 thousand rubles.
Other expenses, including the purchase of cash equipment, special. clothes - another 40-50 thousand rubles.
Advertising and promotion of the cafe - about 30 thousand rubles.
Some of the funds are recommended to be put in reserve for the first months of possible work in the red. And in general, savings at the start does not fit. Some entrepreneurs manage to conclude a contract with the owner of the premises for "rental vacations". This is when a cafe is given the opportunity not to pay rent for several months in order to have time to “stand on its feet”.

The issue of business planning is discussed in more detail in the article: small cafe business plan.

Choice of premises for a cafe

Establishments such as a small cafe, designed more for a casual visitor, are recommended to be placed on the central streets of the city, on the first floors of houses with stained-glass windows. Important indicators here are:

The permeability of people. An important role is played by the presence of office and shopping centers, public transport stops.
The purpose of the premises - for what object it was previously involved. It is good if the premises were previously used as a restaurant or cafe. In this case, no global redevelopment will be required, since the premises will already meet the requirements for catering establishments (SES, fire safety). This, of course, will save not a small part of the businessman's money.
Electricity connection power. If the permitted power is at least 75 kW, then this is quite enough for a full cycle kitchen. If this indicator is less, then additional capacities will need to be connected, which is associated with considerable financial investments.
Lease contract. The longer the lease term, the better. Ideally, the lease agreement for the premises under the cafe should be drawn up for a period of at least 5 years. Since only the first 1-2 years the cafe will recoup the invested funds, and the rest of the time it brings the coveted income to the owner of the establishment. Contracts for a period of less than 12 months should not be considered at all, since such conditions will not allow obtaining a license to sell alcohol.
If it is planned to sell alcohol in a cafe, then such indicators as distance from residential buildings and social facilities are important. destination - not less than 25 m, as well as the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises - not less than 50 m2. Otherwise, obtaining a license will not be possible.

What taxation system to choose for a business when opening a mini-cafe

It is quite enough for a small institution to register a regular individual entrepreneurship . However, in the vast majority of cases, it is LLC (legal entity) that registers “cafes”. The reason is simple - a license for alcohol is issued only to legal entities. By the way, about the license. The cost of obtaining an alcohol license is about 60 thousand rubles, and the time to obtain it takes at least 4 months.

Since 2013, catering establishments have been given the right to choose which tax system choose: general, USN, UTII or buy a patent. What is more profitable? Today, perhaps, it is special. regime - a single tax on imputed income (UTII), when the tax is paid based on the quadrature of the premises for serving visitors. The larger the area, the higher the tax.

Control over the activities of the cafe

A big plus of a mini-cafe is that the owner of the establishment can personally control its activities. The efficiency of the enterprise, in most cases, this only increases. However, additional security against theft and loss is still needed. This requires a set of measures, which includes:

cafe automation system;
video surveillance system;
regular scheduled and unscheduled inventories;
a fair system of employee motivation;
immediate dismissal of employees who are seen stealing proceeds, even with the institution of a criminal case.

Cafe fixed costs

The main expense of the cafe is payment wages employees and insurance payments. For these purposes, 200-250 thousand rubles are allocated monthly. (15 people). In second place are rent payments and a communal apartment - another 70-100 thousand rubles. monthly. Then there are taxes and other expenses - about 50 thousand rubles. The total monthly expenses of a small cafe range from 350-500 thousand rubles. Less likely to fail.

How much can you earn by opening a mini-cafe

The profitability of a cafe depends on many factors. As a rule, when drawing up a business plan, it is customary to consider the profit of a cafe based on 15,000 rubles for every 10m2 of the establishment's area.

Let's say that 40 people visit a cafe every day (this is an extremely low figure), and the average bill of the establishment is 400 rubles. Then the daily revenue will be 16 thousand rubles, and the monthly - 480 thousand rubles, which will already allow you to work in a small plus.

According to experts, the payback of the cafe is at least 1.5 years, and this is subject to a good location. A more likely period is about 3-4 years. The normal profitability of a business is considered to be 20-30%.

Finally, a few more tips. If the area under the cafe is very limited, it is better to install high showcases with a convenient window - this way you can optimally and appetizingly lay out all the products. At the same time, it is desirable that the design of the showcases allows visitors to freely pick up their favorite dishes and pay at the checkout. Thus, time for servicing visitors is saved and the work of staff is significantly relieved.

Step by step opening plan

In order to open your own mini-cafe, you need to compose detailed business plan. First of all, you need to decide for yourself in which area your institution will work, whether it be national cuisine or a pizzeria, in addition, you need to know your target client and his approximate level of income. In addition, you should definitely take into account the presence of competitors and engage in constant business analysis. Marketing will also be an important part of the business, and advertising campaigns before opening will allow you to carry out good start in doing business. It is imperative to acquire all the necessary equipment and find the necessary suppliers with minimal financial costs so that the profit satisfies you as an entrepreneur. Do not forget that to open a business, you need documentation that you need to acquire even before the start of your activity.

What equipment to choose for a mini-cafe

In general, this type of establishment does not require a lot of equipment, but it still plays a significant role. Depending on the theme of the institution, it is necessary to restrain a certain style. For example.

If this is a national cuisine, then the design of the room may contain some of the national paraphernalia.
The pizzeria should have something Italian in the design.

In addition to the design itself, you need equipment in the kitchen:

small household appliances (food processor);
large Appliances(gas stoves).

It is not worth saving on equipment, as it is the key to quality food for your customers who will return again and again, and maybe bring friends if you feed them deliciously, which is precisely the secret recipe for success.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering a mini cafe

For mini-cafes, you can use the usual code for the activities of restaurants and cafes: 55.30.

What documents are needed to open

To open a mini-cafe, you will need this list of documents:

confirmation of the possibility of using the premises as a cafe;
confirmation of registration with the tax office;
in the case of the sale of alcohol, a license is required;
certificate of absence of debts;
a document confirming the lease of a plot of land;
book of reviews and suggestions;
KKM card;
a document confirming that a check was carried out by the sanitary epidemiological service.

Do I need permission to open a mini cafe

Among the list of other documents, there is also the permission of the sanitary and epidemiological service to open a cafe in the premises you rented.

Entrepreneur's Choice- open a restaurant on your own or use the service " Full construction» from a third party. Specialized companies help organize business in the HoReCa sector. They take care of the documentation, design, selection of equipment. The process of launching a public catering enterprise requires experience and a professional approach. And any delay is an additional cost.

How to open a restaurant from scratch - a set of events

Concept development - is based on the analysis of a number of factors. The target audience is identified. The format is selected for it, the location of the object is taken into account. A concept is created, consisting of three blocks:

Idea - information for the guest, forming an idea about the institution. For themed restaurants, this is a legend - a real or fictional story. The marketing image defines the niche for the enterprise.
Format - choose their "place" both by price category and by the method of service.
Brand - name, marketing image, logo design.

Business planning - has three goals:

Evaluation of a business project - taking into account the number of seats and determining the rate of return for each of them, restaurant occupancy rates, margins, seasonal factor.
Business start-up action plan - update cash flows, comparison of sales figures, budget parameters and profitability indicators.
Search financial resources- own investments, crediting, investment.

room - when choosing, they are guided by the following conditions:

Location - proximity to the center, office and shopping malls, metro stations, walkable streets and crowded places.
Type - residential / non-residential, free appointment / for public catering, shopping center / detached.
Floors - basement / basement, first / high-rise building.
Condition and area - repair / redevelopment is required, the presence of communication networks, the number of entrances, the height of the ceilings.
Power - increase if necessary.
Price/legal conditions - terms of lease and price per square meter per year, the possibility of prolongation of the contract.

Engineering and design - includes a complete package of drawings: architectural solution, engineering networks, electricity, layout of premises. 3D visualization makes it possible to see all the nuances, evaluate the created idea indoors, and not on paper. Develop the zoning of the hall and kitchen, taking into account the ergonomics of space. A technological project is a plan for arranging furniture and appliances. It specifies the sequence production processes, the flow of lines, the patency of the hall.

Restaurant equipment - supply of equipment, utensils, inventory and furniture takes several months. The bar counter is made to order, which requires additional time. Therefore, applications for a complete set are placed at the stage of writing a project.

Obtaining documentation for putting the facility into operation - the list is adjusted by regional legislation.

Registration of a legal entity - a certificate, the charter of the enterprise, TIN, a certificate from the statistics committee, certificates of registration with the Pension Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund, opening a current account.
Premises - a legal document (lease / ownership), BTI approvals, permission for public catering.
Cash register - passport, registration card, cash book with the stamp of the Tax Inspectorate.
Licenses - for trade in food, alcohol and tobacco products.

Menu - Unusual recipes are sure to interest customers. You can make a signature serving of classic dishes, and guests will remember them. A smart move is the organization of a master class for staff, where they will be trained to work with professional equipment. The range is developed in several stages.

Pre-Assortment
Tasting study, quality assessment
Statement
Technological study with photoset
Creation technological maps, costing cards, pricing
Formation of a PAR-list (purchase) and selection of suppliers
Menu design
Entering flow charts into the automation system to create dishes that are not included in the menu.

Outdoor advertising (in transport, pavement signs, signs, signboards) - is placed in places where potential customers gather. Represents a specific route that will lead the guest to the restaurant.
Internet advertising. The modern client is a network user. In the virtual space, the guest will read the reviews, the description of the institution. A well-designed website will also attract attention.
Media and PR - radio advertising helps to inform about entertainment program and promotions. News feeds in the print media shape the image of the cafe.
Printed (POS) materials - little things that inform and remind you of your restaurant: business cards, logo pens, flyers and booklets.
Event marketing - internal events and loyalty programs.

How much does it cost to open a restaurant

Without exception, all start-up entrepreneurs are wondering about the cost of organizing a business in the HoReCa sector. The restaurant is characterized a wide range food and drink, high level service. It is important to correspond to the status, because the contingent of the institution is determined.

In the metropolis, the amount of financial investments is approximately thirty million rubles. Each case is individual, has its price. It is determined by rent, the need for repair and redevelopment, the work of designers and designers, the production cycle of the enterprise, and equipment. On average, a square meter of usable area costs $ 1000-1500. Consider a list of expenses. As an example, let's take a restaurant with an area of 250 m² for 80 seats.

Expert business support (consulting)

The concept of the restaurant - 25-35 thousand rubles.
Business planning - 55-65 thousand rubles.
Assortment of dishes - from 500 rubles. for one position
Premises selection
Selection and training of personnel - 10-20 thousand rubles.

room

Rent per year - 2.5 to 25 million rubles.
Full design - 162,500 rubles.
Full design - 262,500 rubles.
Finishing - 375 thousand to 3 million 750 thousand rubles.

Restaurant equipment - RUB 3,407,234

Equipment (thermal, refrigeration, electromechanical, neutral) -1,563,540 rubles.
Crockery (kitchenware) - 88,780 rubles.
Crockery (tableware, including knives and glasses) - 323,210 rubles.
Inventory - 42,263 rubles.
Serving items - 178,503 rubles.
Uniform of cooks - 13 180 rubles.
Furniture - 1,001,740 rubles.
Automation - depends on the selected program "1C: Restaurant", R-Keeper, Iiko - 30 to 120 thousand rubles.

Brand promotion

Corporate identity - logo, business cards, menus and other printed materials - 30,000 rubles.
Production of a sign - the price depends on the chosen design - roof installation, light box, LED sign, pylons, steles, etc.
Advertising - outdoor, interior, print, media, BTL

Staff - should initially work on the project. The chef himself forms the team. The choice of equipment also often falls on his shoulders. The costs associated with the formation of wages grow in proportion to the profitability of the institution and depend on the staffing table.

Chef - 50,000 rubles, with a name - from 10 thousand dollars.
Director - 100,000 rubles.
Manager - 50,000 rubles.
Sous chef - 25,000 rubles
Cook - 18,000 rubles
Kitchen workers - 10,000 rubles.
Waiters, bartenders - 12,000 rubles.

There is no specific template to open a restaurant. In each case, an individual approach is needed. Starting a business from scratch implies the presence of additional cost items associated with obtaining permits and preparing the premises. However, this time-consuming process in all respects can be eliminated. Use the service of a third-party organization to launch a turnkey restaurant.

How to make money in a restaurant, bar, cafe

seasonal factor

The peak of work of the institution in the tourist center falls on April-September. European cuisine restaurants, sushi bars and pizzerias win. You can get revenue during the season, subject to the basic rules.

Menu - replace the standard card with offers with a small number of items within the concept. The function of promoting the “necessary” dishes is assigned to the waiters. The main thing is that the recommendations are not intrusive. Focus on food that is low cost, easy to prepare and quick to serve. As a result, the work of the kitchen is simplified, customer service is accelerated. In addition, a compact menu helps to manage inventory levels, minimize costs, and eliminate the appearance of a stop list.

Bar card - turnover growth determines the speed of sales, so it is better to replace complex cocktails, leaving a couple of bestsellers for regular customers.

It is necessary to serve tourists in 5-7 minutes. Otherwise, you run the risk of losing customers, so the day of the traveler does not have free time.

Marketing to Locals

According to statistics, the lion's share of the establishment's regular customers live in close proximity to it. Therefore, the work strategy is focused on a specific area. It makes no sense to talk about your cafe to people who, if they come to you, are only out of curiosity. As a result, they will give preference to a bar near the house. Profit is formed on regular customers. Therefore, your task is to create an incentive to return. Loyalty cards still work. good move- organization of thematic evenings: literary, musical, gaming, corresponding to the ideas of the institution. As a rule, owners of coffee houses, restaurants of Italian or Mediterranean cuisine resort to such marketing chips.

Storming costs

Any restaurant can suffer a disaster. There are many reasons for this. We will not dwell on them. Let's see how to stay afloat and get out of a difficult situation.

Owners of beer bars, steakhouses, fish restaurants, where the average check is not affordable for everyone, sometimes face a drop in demand. The main thing is not to panic, work systematically. To begin with, analyze fixed costs. You can ask the landlord to revise the contract for a while. If you resort to this practice once a year, unstable financial moments are excluded.

Reduce the cost of products by splitting suppliers. This minimizes the shortage of goods in the kitchen, will allow to form pricing policy. World practice shows the effectiveness of a small, managed menu with the inclusion of seasonal products to control costs.

For example, if you are the owner of a FISH house, update the menu based on the catch of a particular fish. while maintaining top positions. This also applies to bakeries where fruit and berry pastries are present. In summer and autumn, filling products are much cheaper, which helps to save money, create a material reserve in case of a low season.

Satisfied and regular customer- the result of the correct work of the restaurateur, his team. Follow the established rules, resort to the help of professionals, and your business will become successful, sustainable and prosperous.

Now you know how to open a restaurant. If you have any questions, write in the comments!