On-the-job training for office workers. The program of conducting primary briefing on labor protection at the workplace. Who still can avoid studying

Key Issues

• Why do you need to train safety at work?
• Do you need to be trained in labor protection? office workers?
• What categories of workers are not taught labor protection?

Why do you need OSH training?

Tatyana LIND, Head of Labor Law Practice, TeKaGroup LLC (Moscow)

The employer is obliged to ensure that the working conditions of his employees meet state labor protection standards (Article 22 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). This means that it is necessary to protect workers from harmful and dangerous factors of production. This can be achieved in passive and active ways. In the first case, individual and collective protective equipment is used, safer equipment is used. In the second, they teach workers the correct handling of equipment, show safe working methods.

All this together is aimed at reducing the level of occupational diseases and industrial injuries. It is beneficial for the employer.

Firstly, because as a result of occupational diseases or injuries, an employee can go on sick leave. This means turning it off production process, which leads to an increase in the burden on other workers, a decrease in the quantity of products or a decrease in its quality. In addition, with a serious injury, an employee may be out for an extended period of time.

Secondly, if an accident occurs at work, a report about this goes to the labor inspectorate. As a result, the organization is put on notice and the visit of inspectors becomes inevitable. As a result of their verification, the organization may incur additional costs in the form of fines.

Thirdly, the employer demonstrates to employees that he cares about their health and safety. Which, in turn, leads to increased employee loyalty.

Training in safe work practices reduces the risk of an accident, which means both production and non-production losses for the employer.

Do office workers need to be trained?

The need to train workers in labor protection in hazardous and hazardous industries, for example, in a steel mill or a construction site, is obvious. However, it does not seem obvious in organizations where most of the work is done in offices with good climate and lighting. However, they also have their own hazards and dangers:

• danger of electric shock (the computer operates from a high voltage 220V network, microwave ovens and electric kettles can be used in the dining rooms);
• the harmful effects of work laser printer on the composition of the air;
• sedentary work leading to diseases associated with a fixed lifestyle;
• high visual intensity, which leads to eye diseases;
• dust.

Currently, there is a “Procedure for training in labor protection and testing knowledge of the labor protection requirements of employees of organizations” (hereinafter referred to as the Training Procedure), which is mandatory for all employers without exception. It says that all employees, including heads of organizations, as well as employers - individual entrepreneurs are required to undergo training in labor protection and testing of knowledge in this area.

Therefore, safety training is an essential element in creating safe working conditions. Moreover, an employee cannot avoid studying, as this is part of his duties (Article 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

warns

Irina ASHRAPOVA,

Occupational Safety Specialist AstraZeneca Russia (Moscow)

An employee who has not completed labor protection training should not be allowed to work, even if he performs duties while sitting at a computer. So, the PC refers to a working tool connected to the mains, so the employee must follow the rules for using electrical appliances

We provide training

In order to train office workers in labor protection, the employer needs to develop and approve:

• training program;
• introductory training program;
• on-the-job training program.

Training can be done by your own company. To save time on training and testing the knowledge of workers, you can combine material on labor protection and industrial safety. This will allow one training instead of three in different programs. However, the fact of dual learning will have to be recorded in different journals.

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advises

Alexander LIPIN,

Advisor to the Occupational Safety and Health Policy Section of the Department wages, labor protection and social partnership Ministry of Labor of Russia (Moscow)

Since the occupational safety training program usually combines safety issues for different categories of workers, when training office clerks, focus on those sections that relate to their direct activities. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the following issues of labor protection: electrical safety, ergonomics (rational organization of the workplace), lighting of the workplace, working conditions when using a PC, maintaining efficiency while working with a computer

At the top of the document, you must indicate the name of the employer and provide for the stamp "I approve". The employer has the right to form the content of the program independently. The document includes several sections: “Regulatory framework for labor protection”, “State control and supervision bodies”, “Labor protection in an organization”, “Safe operation of personal computers, built-in monitors of technological equipment”, “Electrical safety” and others. In each of the sections it is necessary to list the general issues on which the training will take place.

As a basis, you can take the Standard training program on labor protection for managers and specialists construction organizations, which is contained in Methodological guide on conducting training on labor protection for managers and specialists of construction organizations (MDS 12-27.2006).

briefings

Induction training with office workers are carried out when applying for a job. It is of a general nature, and its program should be built taking into account the characteristics of the enterprise. It is carried out according to the following scheme.

Do not forget that the employee must sign in the introductory briefing register.

Much more important is initial on-the-job training.

It is also carried out according to programs developed and approved by the heads of production and structural divisions of the enterprise, educational institution, for certain professions or types of work, taking into account the requirements of the system of labor safety standards, relevant rules, norms and instructions for labor protection, production instructions and another technical documentation. Programs are coordinated with the department (bureau, engineer) of labor protection and the trade union committee of the unit, enterprise. The program is approved by the employer and includes the following issues:

• general information about technological process and equipment at this workplace, production area, in the workshop; the main dangerous and harmful production factors arising from this technological process;
• hazardous areas of a machine, mechanism, device; equipment safety equipment (safety, braking devices and fences, blocking and signaling systems, safety signs); requirements for the prevention of electrical injuries;
• the procedure for preparing for work (checking the serviceability of equipment, starting devices, tools and fixtures, interlocks, grounding and other means of protection);
• safe practices and methods of work; actions in the event of a dangerous situation;
• personal protective equipment at this workplace and the rules for using them;
• a scheme for the safe movement of workers on the territory of the workshop, site;
• intrashop transport and lifting means and mechanisms; safety requirements for loading and unloading operations and transportation of goods;
• characteristic causes of accidents, explosions, fires, cases of industrial injuries;
• measures to prevent accidents, explosions, fires; duty and actions in case of accident, explosion, fire; methods of using fire extinguishing, emergency protection and signaling equipment available at the site, their location.

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Important for office workers:

• consider the features of working with specific office equipment;
• talk about the rules of hygiene (correct posture, optimal distance from the eyes to the monitor, etc.);
• talk about the features of switching on and off from the electrical network (if the de-energization of a PC or office equipment at the end of the working day is the responsibility of the employee);
• show ways and techniques of relaxation from psychological and physical static stress.

The employee must sign in the primary briefing log at the workplace.

Repeated briefing at the workplace for managers and specialists should be carried out once every three years, and for employees of working specialties - once every six months.

If an accident occurs or the work technology has changed, the employee was transferred to another department and assigned to another job, it is necessary to conduct an unscheduled briefing. A note about this and the signature of the employee is put in the briefing log at the workplace.

Who still can avoid studying

There are exceptions to general training, but it is unlikely that they can be applied to a wide range of workers. Paragraph 1.6 of the Training Procedure states that the following are exempted from studying the rules of labor protection:

• specialist (engineer) for the safety of technological processes and production or for labor protection;
• employees of federal institutions that control the implementation of the law in the field of labor protection;
• teaching staff educational institutions teaching the discipline "labor protection".

They are granted a one-year deferment from training after employment if their work experience in the field of labor protection is at least five years.

There is, however, another category of workers that can be partially exempted from training. These are those employees who are not associated with the operation, maintenance, testing, adjustment and repair of equipment, the use of electrified or other tools, the storage and use of raw materials and materials. They are allowed not to undergo primary briefing at the workplace. The list of professions and positions of such employees is approved by the employer.

We do not recommend exempting office employees from primary briefing at the workplace. Each of them, to a greater or lesser extent, operates office equipment, other electrical appliances. Therefore, there is always a risk that an employee will receive an electric shock or other injury. An employee's signature stating that he has been instructed at the workplace will help reduce or even exclude the employer's liability for what happened.

Answers to your questions

Can an employer train employees on labor protection on their own?

Our organization does not hazardous industries and most employees work in office space. We want to teach safety ourselves with the help of our occupational safety specialist. Can we do it?

Sergei GRUSHEVSKY, Deputy CEO(Novocheboksarsk)

Yes, you can train your employees on labor protection rules on your own. To do this, it is enough to create a commission of three people who themselves have been trained in labor protection in a specialized organization.

What happens to the employer if he did not organize labor protection training?

We received notification from labor inspectorate about the upcoming review. It states that inspectors will be interested in the issue of labor protection training. What happens to the employer if training is not provided?

Alfiya ZAUROVA, Human Resources Inspector (Kazan)

If labor protection training has not been organized, the employer may be punished a fine in the amount of 30,000 to 50,000 rubles, and the head of the organization - a fine in the amount of 1000 to 5000 rubles.

How is an introductory briefing different from a primary one?

We would like to organize safety training for our employees. There is an introductory briefing and a primary one. Both are held before work begins. Could you explain how they differ?

Tatiana KARTASHOVA, Human Resources Specialist (Vyshny Volochek)

It's perfect different types briefings. The first of them is carried out in the office of labor protection or in a specially equipped room with all newly employed workers, regardless of their specialty, profession and length of service. It is dedicated to general security issues in the enterprise. The briefing is conducted by a specialist (engineer) in labor protection.

Initial briefing at the workplace is also carried out before the start labor activity at the enterprise. But its goal is to familiarize the employee with the features of the technological process, safe working methods where he will perform his duties. The briefing is conducted by the foreman of the site or another immediate supervisor.

The most necessary regulations

Document	Will help you
Article 76 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation	Clarify the procedure for removing an employee from work if he has not completed training in labor protection
Articles 212 and 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation	Understand the obligations of the employer and the employee for training in labor protection
Article 225 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation	Find out which employees should be trained in labor protection
	Clarify the order of training and the frequency of briefings on labor protection
GOST 12.0.004-90	Find out what questions should be included in the safety briefing program

Remember the main thing

1 The responsibility for OSH training should not be seen as a burden. By instructing workers on safety, you will not only save them from injury. So the employer will avoid additional costs in the form of fines from the labor inspectorate.

2 Office workers also need to be trained in safe work practices. General issues can be studied according to a program common to all employees, and it is better to develop a special document for instructing at the workplace. It should reflect the characteristics of a particular workplace.

3 Regularly conduct repeated briefings on labor protection. Remind your employees not only about the dangers of defeat electric shock. Forbid them to repair office equipment on their own. Point out to them that injury can occur even when opening a window frame.

We talked about what safety briefings should be given to an employee. In addition to the mandatory introductory and fire-fighting briefings with some categories of workers, it is also necessary to conduct briefings at the workplace.

Can office workers be exempted from primary (and therefore from repeated, targeted) briefing? Is it necessary to send them for a medical examination? Let's figure it out.

Legislative inconsistency.

It is believed that office workers do not need to be instructed at the workplace. This opinion is based on the provisions of the document, which is called "The procedure for training in labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements." This Procedure was approved in 2003 by the Decree of the Ministry of Social Development of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation N 1/29.

Order allows don't get instructed in the workplace for those employees

“whose work is not related to the maintenance, testing, adjustment and repair of equipment, the use of tools, the storage and use of raw materials and materials.”

At first glance, it seems that office workers (secretaries, managers, personnel officers, accountants) may not undergo initial training. Indeed, while working on a PC, they do not service, test, repair equipment, use tools, store or use raw materials.
However, there are others federal laws and by-laws that govern the operation of the PC, and which do not share this opinion.
Firstly, this is Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. It establishes mandatory medical examinations for certain categories of workers.
Secondly, this is the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated August 16, 2004 No. No. 83, which approved the Lists of harmful and hazardous production factors. If the work is related to these factors, then it is mandatory for the employee to conduct a medical examination.

So, work with personal computers, professionally associated with PC are included in this list. Clause 3.2.2.4. highlights such a harmful factor as the electromagnetic field of the broadband frequency spectrum from a PC.

Thirdly, it is SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 "Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work." It establishes (clause 13.1) that employees who work with a PC for more than 50% of their working time (ie, professionally associated with the operation of a PC) must undergo mandatory pre-employment and periodic medical examinations.

What conclusion can be drawn? If your employees work on a PC more than 50% of the working time, then they belong to the category of workers who must undergo a medical examination upon employment, repeated medical examinations every 2 years, undergo briefings at the workplace upon admission and repeated briefings every six months.

SanPiN 2.2.2 / 2.4.1340-03 divides work on a PC into 3 groups:

A - work on reading information from the VDT screen with a preliminary request;
B - work on entering information;
B - creative work in the mode of dialogue with a PC.

If an employee performs different types of work during the working day, then the main work is considered to be the one that takes up at least 50% of the time during the working day. Moreover, SanPiN establishes 3 categories of severity and intensity of work with PC.

• The work belongs to group A (reading). If the number of read characters per shift does not exceed 20 thousand, then the work belongs to the 1st category of severity. When reading from 20 thousand to 40 thousand characters - 2nd category, from 40 thousand to 60 thousand characters - 3rd category of severity. 60 thousand characters is the maximum number that can be read during an 8-hour shift.

• The work belongs to group B (information input). Here the limits are:

• If an employee performs creative work in the dialogue mode with a PC, then the severity categories are set as follows:

Depending on the category and level of workload, employees need to establish regulated breaks. With an 8-hour shift, it is recommended to set the summed break time in the amount of:

• Category 1 - 50 minutes per shift
• Category 2 - 70 minutes per shift
• Category 3 - 90 minutes per shift.

In accordance with GOST 12.0.004-90 (1999). Organization of labor safety training, if there are persons in the office who are not related to the maintenance, testing, adjustment and repair of equipment, the use of tools, the storage and use of raw materials and materials, then primary briefing at the workplace is not carried out with them.
To do this, it is necessary to issue an order from the head of the organization to exempt employees from primary briefing at the workplace with a list of positions attached.
It must be remembered that employees exempted from primary briefing at the workplace, nevertheless, should not forget about labor protection.

The following labor protection instructions are mandatory for them:
- when working with a PC;
- when using a copier;
- first aid;
- on fire safety;
- on the 1st group on electrical safety.
To them, you can add instructions on labor protection during the operation of equipment (microwave oven, refrigerator, coffee maker, etc.).
In addition, in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations dated December 12, 2007 N 645 “On approval of the Fire Safety Standards “Training fire safety measures for employees of organizations”, it is necessary to conduct an introductory fire drill with office workers.
This briefing is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order of the head of the organization, who, in turn, have been trained in fire safety in a specialized educational institution.
The introductory fire briefing ends with a practical training of actions in the event of a fire and a test of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.
The personnel must be familiarized with the instructions on labor protection and fire safety during the introductory briefing and sign the introductory briefing log, the safety briefing log and the group I electrical safety log book.
Employees of working professions (cleaner, driver, courier, etc.) who daily face harmful and dangerous factors at their workplace are not exempted from briefing at the workplace: lifting weights, working from stairs, etc. detergents driving potentially dangerous Vehicle etc. Therefore, they need to be periodically reminded to comply with the instructions and rules for labor protection.
Repeated fire safety briefing with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, is carried out at least once a year.
During the repeated fire briefing, knowledge of the standards, rules, norms and instructions on fire safety is checked, the ability to use primary means fire fighting, knowledge of evacuation routes, fire warning systems and management of the process of evacuation of people.
Conducting repeated fire safety briefing can be combined with training of employees in first aid to victims, which is carried out in accordance with the joint Decree of the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Education of January 13, 2003 N 1/29 "On approval of the procedure for training in labor protection and testing knowledge of the requirements of labor protection of workers organizations, at least once a year.
It should be added to the above that the most dangerous factor for office workers is a personal computer. Work with him belongs to the 3rd class of harmfulness. Therefore, when working with a PC, personnel must undergo annual medical examinations.
To reduce the impact of harmful factors from the PC (you can read about them in the section

Ensuring safety is the responsibility of any employer. Issues related to providing comfortable and safe workplaces are relevant not only for industries. They are equally important for office workers. Only with the systematic work of the administration in this direction can it be possible to reduce or completely eliminate traumatic situations in the workplace and optimize the presence of personnel in offices. To this end, the employer is obliged to form a methodically verified system of labor protection in the office.

Why the office needs a comfortable working environment

The seeming ease of daily stay in the office is deceptive. with the performance of monotonous functions, it has a depressing effect on the nervous system, which is why office workers are often prone to chronic fatigue syndrome.

It is for this reason that the office is quite tough. First of all, they apply to the operation of special equipment and electrical appliances that are required to perform professional duties. In addition, the instruction on labor protection for office workers also considers the rules of conduct for personnel in the workplace.

Wherein great attention given to the observance of sanitary and hygienic standards. These include not only compliance with hygiene rules, but also the level of illumination, ventilation and the quality of heat supply in the room.

Issues of labor protection in the office are regulated by Art. 217 TK. In particular, it states that the employer is obliged to form a special unit in the institution that deals with this issue. The advantage of this approach is that it makes the issue of labor protection centralized. All key points are concentrated in a narrow circle of people. Thus, it will be easier for the administration to exercise control over the fulfillment of the assigned tasks.

Recently on the market social services popular consulting work. - best option for the employer, if we are talking about a one-time performance of some duties. For example: the creation of a commission on the formation of labor protection in the office.

The advantage of using third-party specialists is to save labor resources in the institution. The invited specialists will fulfill all the instructions of the head, and thereby he will have the opportunity to involve the staff in more important tasks.

Step-by-step instructions for labor protection in the office: how to get started

Regardless of who is entrusted with the development of the labor protection system, this type of work includes several stages:

After all the main provisions of the system on HSE and labor protection are formulated, the management should ensure that all personnel are familiar with this order.

Labor protection in institutions and offices: behavioral standards for personnel

In the preparation of a labor protection system, the distribution of responsibility between officials. The employer must assign to each of them certain functional responsibilities and build a reporting structure.

All behavioral standards for personnel should be reflected in special instructions, regulations and documents on labor protection in the office. In particular, for the supervisory authorities that will inspect this area of ​​work, it is of great importance what condition the technical organization work processes.

That is, the employer must take care of:

• formation of behavioral standards for personnel in the workplace (the rules should be guided by federal laws);
• norms of maintenance of working premises (the norms of illumination of the workplace in the office are especially important);
• regulations for the use of office equipment (the staff must be familiar with the instructions for its use).

When developing local documents on the formation of a labor protection system, the administration should also take into account social issues. In particular, the norms of behavior of personnel in extreme situations are of great importance. Each employee must be able to provide primary health care.

To do this, at the enterprise or institution, it is necessary to systematically train office workers in labor protection. It should concern not only the rules for the operation of equipment, but also behavior in extreme situations associated with the failure of equipment.

In addition, during working days it may be necessary to eliminate the malfunction of any appliances or electrical systems. The task of management is to regulate in advance through local documents a set of joint actions that will help staff optimize the situation with a technical failure as soon as possible.

Finally, the instruction on labor protection should contain a list of preventive measures for the timely detection of any violations.

The general package of documents on labor protection should cover practical issues related to technological processes. If employees follow the instructions for organizing the workflow, the employer will be spared from traumatic and emergency situations at work. All work of the administration in this direction should be documented and reflected in the instructions.

Position on labor protection in the office: basic document

The main document is the Regulation on labor protection. In it, the employer must reflect the key points on TB, as well as a system of control measures. That is, it is not enough just to generate instructions for all of the above points. The system will operate only if the administration organizes control over their implementation.

The main objective of the Regulations is the integration of local and federal regulations. In addition, the Regulation should adapt federal instructions and recommendations to the working conditions in a particular office.

The provision linking state and local regulations becomes relevant after the issuance of the relevant order, as already mentioned above.

In parallel with the Regulations, the administration must conduct work on the development of standard instructions for all positions. In no case is an exception made: if a position involves the presence of only one staff unit, the administration is obliged to develop standard instruction on TV for her.

Sometimes a new position is introduced in an institution due to the expansion of production, the introduction of new technologies or innovative equipment. In addition, if the business is successful, then the institution can expand. This entails the opening of other divisions and offices in remote regions, which involves the introduction of a new position (or new positions) in the staffing table.

The task of the employer in this case is to develop a standard instruction for a new staff unit and include it in the general regulatory framework. It is also possible to form intersectoral documents on labor protection. They should reflect the features of interaction between the structural divisions of the institution and contain safety rules in the performance of labor functions.

Finally, the entire list of documents is brought to the attention of the staff against signature.

Briefing at the workplace in the office: sections of the program

In order to ensure labor protection in the office, some positions are provided with regulated briefing. Primary briefing on labor protection includes approximately 10 points, which complies with the requirements of GOST 12.0.004–90 SSBT.

The briefing program should reflect the following labor protection requirements:

In order for the briefing program to be convincing and reasoned, it is necessary to indicate the list of methodological documents and regulations on the basis of which it was compiled.

Briefing involves the acquaintance of each staff unit with the specifics of working conditions in the institution. In addition, the instruction contains explanations for the causes of the most frequent traumatic situations.

Occupational diseases are taken out in separate paragraphs, which consider potential risks and ways to minimize them. It is allowed to use electronic courses-instructions on topics relevant to a particular institution and on the rules of labor protection in the office.

The briefing may, in particular, address the following issues:

• technological breaks during work;
• correct posture during prolonged use of the computer;
• compliance with the rules of silence;
• debugging and maintenance of equipment;
• distribution of workplaces in an office where air conditioning is installed.

A mandatory rule for compiling a briefing is the presence in it of a list of all types of office equipment, electrical equipment and equipment with the appropriate regulations for use. The employer can draw up instructions tailored to the needs of a particular institution.

Not a single employee is released from primary briefing (with rare exceptions). The employer personally approves the list of professions and positions, whose representatives are exempted from primary instruction. This provision is stipulated in paragraph No. 2.1.5 of the Procedure for training in labor protection.

It is in the interests of each employer to conduct a briefing with the staff, and record the fact of its conduct. The fact is that any employee in the institution is connected in one way or another with computers, scanners or copiers.

primary on labor protection at the workplace

1. General information about working conditions at the workplace of an office worker: the production environment at the workplace, the nature of his labor process (tension and severity):

— general introductory information about the technological process and products manufactured by the organization;

— general familiarity with the equipment located at the workplace, in the work area and within the territory of the organization;

— dangerous and harmful production factors available at the workplace and the risks of their impact on the human body;

- purpose, device and rules for the use of funds personal protection(PPE);

- general requirements in the workplace;

- requirements to safe organization and keeping the workplace clean and tidy;

— safety requirements for the operation of electrical installations (household electrical appliances, computers, MFPs, printers, etc.);

- in case of accidents at work;

— safety requirements for the prevention of electrical injury.

2. The order of preparation for work in the office:

- requirements for overalls, footwear and PPE;

– checking the health of equipment (computer, office equipment, and other devices) at the workplace.

3. Scheme of safe movement of an office worker on the territory of the organization:

- passages provided for movement;

— emergency exits, restricted areas.

4. Emergencies that may occur at the workplace of an office worker:

- characteristic causes of accidents, explosions, fires, cases of industrial injuries and acute poisoning;

- actions of the employee in the event of an emergency, work injury, acute poisoning;

- location of fire extinguishing equipment, rules for using them;

- location of first aid equipment for the victim, first aid kits, rules for using them;

- location of telephone communication, telephone numbers;

- the actions of the employee in the event of a dangerous situation that threatens the life and health of others, and in the event of an accident that occurred at work;

- the procedure for reporting by an office worker to representatives of the employer about an accident or acute poisoning that has occurred to him.

5. Familiarization with the instructions and requirements for labor protection at the workplace.

6. Familiarization with instructions on labor protection for an office worker.

The program of briefing on labor protection at the workplace for employees using PCs and copiers (for office employees)

1. Purpose

The purpose of the briefing at the workplace is to familiarize workers with the existing dangerous or harmful production factors, studying the requirements of labor protection contained in the local regulations of the organization, instructions for labor protection, technical, operational documentation, as well as the use of safe methods and techniques for performing work.

2. Scope of distribution

This program applies to all employees hired by the organization, as well as employees seconded to the organization and employees of third-party organizations performing work in a dedicated area, students educational institutions relevant levels in the organization industrial practice, and other persons involved in production activities Companies.

Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

GOST 12.0.00 4-90. System of labor safety standards. Organization of labor safety training. General provisions.

GOST 12.0.23 0-2007. System of labor safety standards. Occupational safety management systems. General requirements.

Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Education of Russia dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29 “Procedure for training in labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements for employees of organizations”.

Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated December 24, 2002 No. 73 "On approval of the forms of documents necessary for the investigation and accounting of industrial accidents and the provisions on the features of the investigation of industrial accidents in certain industries and organizations."

Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 05.03.2011 No. 169n “On Approval of the Requirements for Completing First Aid Kits with Medical Devices for Providing First Aid to Employees”.

SanPiN 2.2.2/ 2.4.1340-03. Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work.

SanPiN 2.2.2.133 2-03. Hygienic requirements for the organization of work on copiers.

Typical instruction on labor protection when working on a personal computer (TOI R-45-084-01).

Standard instructions for labor protection when working on copiers (such as Canon, Xerox, etc.) (TI RO 29-001-009-02).

Standard instruction on labor protection for workers moving around the territory and industrial premises (TOI R-218-54-95).

Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390).

4. Terms and notation

Company(society, employer) — ___ (name of employer) ____.

Employee — individual, entered into labor Relations with an employer.

instructing- an employee who conducts safety training.

Instructed- an employee who is instructed on labor protection.

Occupational Safety and Health— a system for preserving the life and health of workers in the course of their work, including legal, socio-economic, organizational and technical, sanitary and hygienic, medical and preventive, rehabilitation and other measures.

Working conditions- a set of factors production environment and the labor process that affect the performance and health of the employee.

Harmful production factor- a production factor, the impact of which on an employee can lead to his illness.

Hazardous production factor- a production factor, the impact of which on an employee can lead to his injury.

Safe working conditions- working conditions under which the impact on workers of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors is excluded or the levels of their impact do not exceed the established standards.

Workplace- the place where the employee must be or where he needs to arrive in connection with his work and which is directly or indirectly under the control of the employer.

Means of individual and collective protection of workers — technical means used to prevent or reduce the impact on workers of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors, as well as to protect against pollution.

Labor protection requirements- state regulatory requirements for labor protection and labor protection requirements established by the rules and instructions for labor protection.

Accident at work- events as a result of which the victims received:

• bodily injury (injury), including inflicted by another person;
• heatstroke;
• burn;
• frostbite;
• drowning;
• electric shock, lightning, radiation;
• bites and other bodily injuries caused by animals and insects;
• damage due to explosions, accidents, destruction of buildings, structures and structures, natural disasters and other emergencies, other damage to health caused by exposure external factors resulting in the need to transfer the victims to another job, temporary or permanent loss of their ability to work or death of the victims.

5. Main body

The program of conducting primary briefing in the office

Main questions of initial briefing	Time
1. Working conditions of office workers Features and characteristics of the working conditions of office workers. Possible causes of accidents and diseases of office workers. Examples of industrial injuries	10 min
2. General labor protection requirements The procedure for admission to work in the office using personal computers, copiers, fax machines and other office equipment. Introductory and primary workplace safety briefings. The frequency of repeated briefings on labor protection. Cases of passing an unscheduled briefing on labor protection. Targeted briefing when performing work that is unusual for the profession (position). Special briefing and obtaining group I in electrical safety. Training in labor protection requirements when working with office equipment. Rules technical operation and safety requirements when working with office equipment. Medical examinations office workers admitted to permanent work on a personal computer. The main dangerous and harmful production factors that can have an adverse effect on office workers during work. Adverse impact of hazardous and harmful production factors on the human body. Modes of work and rest. Fire safety requirements when working with office equipment. Personal hygiene rules. Actions of an office worker in case of illness, poor health. The actions of an office worker if he was a witness to an accident. First aid. First aid kit. Responsibility for non-compliance or violation of the requirements of labor protection instructions	30 minutes
3. Labor protection requirements before starting work Rational organization your workplace before starting work. The minimum allowable distances between personal computers, if there are several of them in the office premises. Influence of the relative position of personal computers on the level of radiation generated by them. Hygienic requirements to prevent exposure of other workplaces. Cleaning the monitor screen from dust, which intensively settles on it under the influence of static electricity. Cleaning from the workplace of all unnecessary items not used in work. Precautions for inspecting office equipment before starting work. Requirements for the sufficiency and uniformity of workplace lighting	20 minutes
4. Labor protection requirements during work Sequence of inclusion of office equipment in work. Instructions for the operation of office equipment. Rational working posture when working on office equipment. Requirements for the type and design of the work chair and desktop when working with a personal computer. Labor protection requirements when working on a personal computer. The minimum distance of the video monitor screen from the eyes of an office worker. The correct location of the keyboard on the surface of the table. Sets the monitor screen to the optimal color mode to reduce eye strain. Duration of continuous work with the video monitor. Defects or malfunctions of copiers, in which work on it is not allowed. Fire safety measures in the room where copying and duplicating work is performed. Precautions for direct handling chemicals(for example, with paints, powders, etc.). Ventilation of the room in which work is carried out on copiers. Office Equipment Maintenance Precautions	20 minutes
5. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations Actions of an office worker upon detection of any malfunctions in the operation of office equipment. Actions of an office worker in case of an accident, sudden illness. Methods of first aid for wounds, with electric shock. Actions of an office worker upon detection of a fire or signs of burning (smoke, burning smell, temperature increase, etc.). Features of extinguishing electrical equipment under voltage. Rules for the use of carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers	10 min
6. Labor protection requirements at the end of work Precautions when turning off office equipment, disconnecting the power cord from electrical network. Safety measures when cleaning up the workplace, cleaning disks, documentation, etc. Rules for personal hygiene at the end of work	10 min
Total time for the initial briefing	1 h 40 min

Primary briefing on labor protection at workplaces (initial briefing) of office workers (managers, secretaries, accountants, etc.) is carried out with persons who have undergone an introductory briefing on labor protection and are familiar with the Internal Labor Regulations (hereinafter - instructed), who are:

• by newly hired employees, including employees performing work on the terms employment contract concluded for a period of up to two months or for the period of seasonal work, in their free time from their main work (part-time workers);
• employees of the company transferred in the prescribed manner from another structural unit, or employees who are entrusted with the performance of new work for them;
• seconded employees of third-party organizations, students of educational institutions of the corresponding levels, undergoing practical training (practical classes), and other persons participating in the production activities of the organization.

Primary briefings are carried out by heads of departments (employees who, by order of the General Director, are entrusted with the responsibility to ensure safe conditions and labor protection in the unit) with each instructed individually (or with a group of instructed in the same profession or position). Primary briefing is carried out only if the instructing person has the following documents:

• this Program;
• instructions on labor protection when performing work with a PC and copiers;
• instructions on labor protection for providing first aid to victims (algorithms for providing first aid to victims);
• workplace briefing log.

Briefing on labor protection in the office should be carried out in the following sections.

1. Remind instructed in brief the basic rights and obligations of the employer and employee, regulated Labor Code RF.
2. Remind the instructees of the information about the company and its production activities obtained during the introductory briefing and when familiarizing themselves with the Internal Labor Regulations of the company.
3. Tell the instructed about the tasks and functions of office employees (hereinafter referred to as employees) according to their job descriptions and within the company.
4. Tell the instructed about the technical equipment of the workplaces of employees.
5. Familiarize those instructed with the list of labor protection instructions (IOT) for office employees, given in the current document of the same name and applicable to all users of these workplaces.
6. To set out to the instructed, referring to these IOT, a list of the main hazardous and harmful production factors associated with the work of workers, the essence of the requirements and restrictions that allow, when they are performed before work, during work and at the end of work, to minimize the impact of these factors and ensure safe work workers.
7. To state to the instructed, referring to these IOT (as well as to the Fire Safety Instructions), the main duties and actions in emergency situations, measures to prevent them, the location of fire extinguishing equipment available in buildings and premises, emergency protection and alarms, medical first aid kits.
8. Outline and demonstrate to the instructed, referring to these IOT (as well as to the Fire Safety Instructions), methods of using available fire extinguishing equipment, emergency protection and signaling, methods of providing assistance to victims (in case of a possible accident at work) using first aid kits.
9. Outline and demonstrate to trainees the methods of safe organization and maintenance of the workplace.
10. Familiarize the trainees with the safety equipment of the equipment, with the requirements for the prevention of electrical injuries, the procedure for preparing for work (checking the serviceability of the equipment, grounding and other means of protection).
11. Instruct the instructed on the scheme for the safe movement of workers on the premises of the company.
12. Explain the methods and expected results of the use of personal protective equipment assigned to workers by the nature of the work.
13. Provide an opportunity for trainees to independently familiarize themselves with the instructional material and fix the information in memory.
14. To conduct an oral and practical test of the mastering of the briefing materials by the instructed.
15. The initial briefing should be reflected in the Briefing Journal at the workplace, where it is necessary to indicate the brief numbered names of the used IOT and sign the instructing and the instructed.

Re-briefing is carried out after the initial one after 6 months, with the same instructees who underwent the initial briefing, after which repeated briefings are held regularly - once every 6 months.

Repeated briefings are also conducted by the immediate supervisor (an employee who, by order of the General Director, is entrusted with the responsibility for ensuring safe conditions and labor protection in the unit) according to the primary program, with reflection in the same Briefing Log at the workplace.

Unscheduled briefing is carried out:

• after the introduction of new or revised standards, rules, IOT, as well as changes to them relating to the work of employees;
• after the introduction into use by employees of types of office equipment that differ in the degree of safety of use;
• after an accident at work according to the requirement of the supervisory authority in the act of investigation;
• after more than 60 days of work interruption for various reasons;
• by special order of the general director of the company.

An unscheduled briefing is carried out by the head of the unit (an employee who, by order of the general director, is entrusted with the responsibility for ensuring safe conditions and labor protection in the unit) according to the primary program, with reflection in the same Briefing Log at the workplace. When registering an unscheduled briefing, the reason for its conduct is indicated.

Targeted coaching is carried out:

• when performing one-time work not related to direct duties in the specialty (loading, unloading, cleaning the territory);
• during the mass events in company;
• in the aftermath of accidents and natural disasters.

Target briefing is carried out by the head of the unit (an employee who, by order of the general director, is entrusted with the responsibility for ensuring safe conditions and labor protection in the unit) according to the primary program, with reflection in the same Briefing Log at the workplace. When registering a target briefing, the reason for its conduct is indicated.

23.07.2018

Instructions for instructing at the workplace is a local normative act developed by a specialist / division for labor protection at an enterprise in accordance with GOSTs and federal legislation.

This document serves as an integral and essential part of the complex of ongoing measures for labor protection.

It regulates the rules for conducting these events, the conditions and procedure for conducting the briefing, the objectives of the task and the specifics of the position in respect of which it is carried out.

At the enterprise, this instruction should be developed for each position for which an initial briefing is required (with the exception of persons exempted from conducting this type of briefing by order of the management).

Development order

The development procedure consists of several stages:

• Analysis of federal legislation and other normative acts in relation to a certain position. These are issues of labor protection, the specifics of the implementation of labor activities of a certain position (interaction with hazardous production factors, combustible and hazardous substances), determining the degree of danger of working activities;
• Development of an action plan in accordance with GOSTs on conducting primary briefing at the workplace in accordance with the instructions. It reflects the theoretical and practical measures to familiarize the employee with the position, the features of the production process and the conditions of labor protection and safety at work.

All key factors are reflected in the instructions, which certified by management.

The heads of departments, who are practically familiar with the specifics of the work of each production site, also take part in the development in various areas.

When a new employee is hired, the labor protection specialist, together with the head of the department, takes measures in accordance with the instructions. ?

We also offer download sample instructions for:

Approval procedure

The order of approval of the instruction is also consists of several stages:

Only after passing through all the stages and issuing an order, the instruction acquires the properties of a local normative act organizations.

In addition to instructions, it is necessary to develop primary staff training.

Once approved, the form is valid for the limited period for which it is accepted. After that, the content needs to be reviewed based on the update. If nothing needs to be changed, then the instructions are extended based on .

• the name of the position / group of similar positions with general labor duties and features of the production process;
• features of production and labor protection measures taken at a particular workplace;
• dangerous factors that may arise in case of violation of safety requirements, violation of the production process and the consequences that may be incurred by the employee;
• safety regulations, handling of hazardous substances;
• measures to prevent injuries at the enterprise and the occurrence of negative consequences for the health of the employee.

Also in the instructions other characteristics may be reflected features of the organization of the enterprise.

Download standard sample on labor protection

An example for office workers

For office workers, a feature is the need to reflect safety regulations for handling electrical appliances(computer, scanner, MFP), as well as fire safety rules in the organization.

Since negative factors are minimized when working in the office, in most cases there is no contact with hazardous substances and complex technological equipment, the instructions reflect the rules for handling equipment in the office and household appliances outside the workplace (in the canteen), as well as the rules for working at the workplace (switching off electrical appliances when leaving, checking the power of electrical appliances, etc.).